| Solar eclipse of April 8, 1921 | |
|---|---|
 Map | |
| Type of eclipse | |
| Nature | Annular |
| Gamma | 0.8869 |
| Magnitude | 0.9753 |
| Maximum eclipse | |
| Duration | 110 s (1 min 50 s) |
| Coordinates | 64°30′N 5°36′E / 64.5°N 5.6°E / 64.5; 5.6 |
| Max. width of band | 192 km (119 mi) |
| Times (UTC) | |
| Greatest eclipse | 9:15:01 |
| References | |
| Saros | 118 (63 of 72) |
| Catalog # (SE5000) | 9330 |
An annular solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Friday, April 8, 1921, with a magnitude of 0.9753. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. The Moon's apparent diameter was near the average diameter because it occurred 6.5 days after apogee (on April 1, 1921, at 20:50 UTC) and 8.3 days before perigee (on April 16, 1921, at 16:10 UTC).
Annularity was visible from northern Scotland, northwestern tip of Norway, and islands in the Arctic Ocean in Russian SFSR. A partial eclipse was visible for parts of North Africa, Europe, Central Asia, and the Russian SFSR.
Eclipse details
Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.
| Event | Time (UTC) |
|---|---|
| First Penumbral External Contact | 1921 April 08 at 06:51:44.6 UTC |
| First Umbral External Contact | 1921 April 08 at 08:21:25.5 UTC |
| First Central Line | 1921 April 08 at 08:23:38.1 UTC |
| Greatest Duration | 1921 April 08 at 08:23:38.1 UTC |
| First Umbral Internal Contact | 1921 April 08 at 08:25:55.2 UTC |
| Ecliptic Conjunction | 1921 April 08 at 09:05:08.6 UTC |
| Greatest Eclipse | 1921 April 08 at 09:15:01.3 UTC |
| Equatorial Conjunction | 1921 April 08 at 09:44:56.4 UTC |
| Last Umbral Internal Contact | 1921 April 08 at 10:03:48.2 UTC |
| Last Central Line | 1921 April 08 at 10:06:02.5 UTC |
| Last Umbral External Contact | 1921 April 08 at 10:08:12.1 UTC |
| Last Penumbral External Contact | 1921 April 08 at 11:37:57.8 UTC |
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Eclipse Magnitude | 0.97530 |
| Eclipse Obscuration | 0.95120 |
| Gamma | 0.88692 |
| Sun Right Ascension | 01h06m22.7s |
| Sun Declination | +07°03'40.4" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter | 15'58.0" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 08.8" |
| Moon Right Ascension | 01h05m24.3s |
| Moon Declination | +07°51'45.1" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter | 15'28.0" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 0°56'45.6" |
| ΔT | 22.3 s |
Eclipse season
See also: Eclipse cycleThis eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.
| April 8 Descending node (new moon) |
April 22 Ascending node (full moon) |
|---|---|
|
|
| Annular solar eclipse Solar Saros 118 |
Total lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 130 |
Related eclipses
Eclipses in 1921
- An annular solar eclipse on April 8.
- A total lunar eclipse on April 22.
- A total solar eclipse on October 1.
- A partial lunar eclipse on October 16.
Metonic
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of June 19, 1917
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of January 24, 1925
Tzolkinex
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of February 25, 1914
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of May 19, 1928
Half-Saros
- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of April 1, 1912
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of April 13, 1930
Tritos
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of May 9, 1910
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of March 7, 1932
Solar Saros 118
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of March 29, 1903
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of April 19, 1939
Inex
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of April 26, 1892
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of March 18, 1950
Triad
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of June 7, 1834
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of February 7, 2008
Solar eclipses of 1921–1924
This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.
The partial solar eclipse on July 31, 1924 occurs in the next lunar year eclipse set.
| Solar eclipse series sets from 1921 to 1924 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Descending node | Ascending node | |||||
| Saros | Map | Gamma | Saros | Map | Gamma | |
| 118 | April 8, 1921 Annular |
0.8869 | 123 | October 1, 1921 Total |
−0.9383 | |
| 128 | March 28, 1922 Annular |
0.1711 | 133 | September 21, 1922 Total |
−0.213 | |
| 138 | March 17, 1923 Annular |
−0.5438 | 143 | September 10, 1923 Total |
0.5149 | |
| 148 | March 5, 1924 Partial |
−1.2232 | 153 | August 30, 1924 Partial |
1.3123 | |
Saros 118
This eclipse is a part of Saros series 118, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 72 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on May 24, 803 AD. It contains total eclipses from August 19, 947 AD through October 25, 1650; hybrid eclipses on November 4, 1668 and November 15, 1686; and annular eclipses from November 27, 1704 through April 30, 1957. The series ends at member 72 as a partial eclipse on July 15, 2083. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.
The longest duration of totality was produced by member 34 at 6 minutes, 59 seconds on May 16, 1398, and the longest duration of annularity was produced by member 59 at 1 minutes, 58 seconds on February 23, 1849. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit.
| Series members 57–72 occur between 1801 and 2083: | ||
|---|---|---|
| 57 | 58 | 59 |
 February 1, 1813 |
 February 12, 1831 |
 February 23, 1849 |
| 60 | 61 | 62 |
 March 6, 1867 |
 March 16, 1885 |
 March 29, 1903 |
| 63 | 64 | 65 |
April 8, 1921 |
 April 19, 1939 |
 April 30, 1957 |
| 66 | 67 | 68 |
 May 11, 1975 |
 May 21, 1993 |
 June 1, 2011 |
| 69 | 70 | 71 |
 June 12, 2029 |
 June 23, 2047 |
 July 3, 2065 |
| 72 | ||
 July 15, 2083 | ||
Metonic series
The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.
| 22 eclipse events between April 8, 1902 and August 31, 1989 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| April 7–8 | January 24–25 | November 12 | August 31–September 1 | June 19–20 |
| 108 | 110 | 112 | 114 | 116 |
 April 8, 1902 |
 August 31, 1913 |
 June 19, 1917 | ||
| 118 | 120 | 122 | 124 | 126 |
April 8, 1921 |
 January 24, 1925 |
 November 12, 1928 |
 August 31, 1932 |
 June 19, 1936 |
| 128 | 130 | 132 | 134 | 136 |
 April 7, 1940 |
 January 25, 1944 |
 November 12, 1947 |
 September 1, 1951 |
 June 20, 1955 |
| 138 | 140 | 142 | 144 | 146 |
 April 8, 1959 |
 January 25, 1963 |
 November 12, 1966 |
 August 31, 1970 |
 June 20, 1974 |
| 148 | 150 | 152 | 154 | |
 April 7, 1978 |
 January 25, 1982 |
 November 12, 1985 |
 August 31, 1989 | |
Tritos series
This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1801 and 2200 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 March 14, 1801 (Saros 107) |
 February 12, 1812 (Saros 108) |
 January 12, 1823 (Saros 109) |
 November 10, 1844 (Saros 111) | |
 August 9, 1877 (Saros 114) |
 July 9, 1888 (Saros 115) |
 June 8, 1899 (Saros 116) | ||
 May 9, 1910 (Saros 117) |
April 8, 1921 (Saros 118) |
 March 7, 1932 (Saros 119) |
 February 4, 1943 (Saros 120) |
 January 5, 1954 (Saros 121) |
 December 4, 1964 (Saros 122) |
 November 3, 1975 (Saros 123) |
 October 3, 1986 (Saros 124) |
 September 2, 1997 (Saros 125) |
 August 1, 2008 (Saros 126) |
 July 2, 2019 (Saros 127) |
 June 1, 2030 (Saros 128) |
 April 30, 2041 (Saros 129) |
 March 30, 2052 (Saros 130) |
 February 28, 2063 (Saros 131) |
 January 27, 2074 (Saros 132) |
 December 27, 2084 (Saros 133) |
 November 27, 2095 (Saros 134) |
 October 26, 2106 (Saros 135) |
 September 26, 2117 (Saros 136) |
 August 25, 2128 (Saros 137) |
 July 25, 2139 (Saros 138) |
 June 25, 2150 (Saros 139) |
 May 25, 2161 (Saros 140) |
 April 23, 2172 (Saros 141) |
 March 23, 2183 (Saros 142) |
 February 21, 2194 (Saros 143) | |||
Inex series
This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1801 and 2200 | ||
|---|---|---|
 June 26, 1805 (Saros 114) |
 June 7, 1834 (Saros 115) |
 May 17, 1863 (Saros 116) |
 April 26, 1892 (Saros 117) |
April 8, 1921 (Saros 118) |
 March 18, 1950 (Saros 119) |
 February 26, 1979 (Saros 120) |
 February 7, 2008 (Saros 121) |
 January 16, 2037 (Saros 122) |
 December 27, 2065 (Saros 123) |
 December 7, 2094 (Saros 124) |
 November 18, 2123 (Saros 125) |
 October 28, 2152 (Saros 126) |
 October 8, 2181 (Saros 127) |
|
Notes
- "April 8, 1921 Annular Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 2 August 2024.
- "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 2 August 2024.
- "Annular Solar Eclipse of 1921 Apr 08". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 2 August 2024.
- van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
- "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 118". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.
References
- Earth visibility chart and eclipse statistics Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA/GSFC
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