Misplaced Pages

TOI-1338

Position of TOI-1338 in Pictor
Observation data Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation	Pictor
Right ascension	06 08 31.968
Declination	−59° 32′ 28.08″
Apparent magnitude (V)	11.72
Characteristics
Spectral type	F8 / M
Variable type	eclipsing
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)	23.56±5.34 km/s
Proper motion (μ)	RA: −12.057 mas/yr Dec.: +34.513 mas/yr
Parallax (π)	2.4752 ± 0.0099 mas
Distance	1,318 ± 5 ly (404 ± 2 pc)
Orbit
Period (P)	14.6085659+0.0000062 −0.0000057 d
Semi-major axis (a)	0.1321+0.0024 −0.0025 AU
Eccentricity (e)	0.155489+0.000011 −0.000010
Inclination (i)	90.403+0.045 −0.047°
Argument of periastron (ω) (secondary)	117.7638+0.0042 −0.0041°
Semi-amplitude (K1) (primary)	21.619±0.007 km/s
Details
TOI-1338 A
Mass	1.0936±0.0072 M☉
Radius	1.313±0.0038 R☉
Luminosity	2.1 L☉
Surface gravity (log g)	4.0±0.08 cgs
Temperature	6,050±80 K
Metallicity	+0.01±0.05 dex
Rotation	19±3 d
Rotational velocity (v sin i)	3.6±0.6 km/s
Age	4.4±0.2 Gyr
TOI-1338 B
Mass	0.3069±0.0012 M☉
Radius	0.30582±0.00094 R☉
Other designations
TOI-1338, TIC 260128333, TYC 8533-950-1, 2MASS J06083197-5932280, BEBOP-1, EBLM J0608-59, RAVE J060832.0-593228
Database references
SIMBAD	data

TOI-1338 is a binary star system located in the constellation Pictor, about 1,320 light-years from Earth. It is orbited by two known circumbinary planets, TOI-1338 b, discovered by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and BEBOP-1c, discovered by the Binaries Escorted By Orbiting Planets project.

Discovery and nomenclature

The circumbinary planet TOI-1338 b was found in the summer of 2019 by Wolf Cukier, a 17-year-old attending Scarsdale High School in New York at the time, who joined the Goddard Space Flight Center as a summer intern. The acronym TOI stands for "TESS Objects of Interest." Cukier studied data provided by volunteers of the Planet Hunters citizen science project, looking through data that had been flagged as an eclipsing binary. Cukier and six of the Planet Hunter volunteers are co-authors of the publication regarding the planet. Cukier currently attends Princeton University as an undergraduate student in the Department of Astrophysical Sciences and is expected to graduate in 2024.

The discovery of TOI-1338 b was announced in early January 2020 at the 235th American Astronomical Society meeting in Honolulu, Hawaii. In February 2021, a petition was launched calling for TOI-1338 b to be renamed SOPHIE in honor of late Scottish musician Sophie. The petition was supported by Charli XCX and Caroline Polachek. The petition was unsuccessful in renaming TOI-1338 b, however, the International Astronomical Union announced that the minor planet 1980 RE1 was given the permanent name Sophiexeon in June 2021.

In June 2023, a second circumbinary planet within the system was announced to have been discovered, named BEBOP-1c. It was the first circumbinary planet to be found using the radial velocity method.

Stellar binary

TOI-1338 is a single-lined spectroscopic binary system, consisting of an F8 star and a red dwarf of spectral type M. The system has an age of 4.4 billion years. The two stars with masses of 1.13 and 0.313 M_☉ revolve around each other every 14.6 days. The red dwarf is about nine magnitudes fainter than the primary star and cannot be detected in the spectrum.

The orbit of the two stars is inclined at 89.7° to the plane of the sky (so edge-on) and both primary and secondary eclipses can be observed, although the brightness changes are very small. The primary eclipse occurs when the hotter primary star is partially occulted by the cooler secondary. It lasts about five hours and the brightness decreases by about 4%. The secondary eclipses occur when the cooler star is occulted by the hotter star. They also last about five hours but the brightness drops by less than half a percent.

Planetary system

The planet TOI-1338 b is between Neptune and Saturn in size, and has an orbit that is within ~1° coplanar with the binary. The most recent and precise estimate of its mass is roughly 11 times that of Earth, indicating a low density similar to that of circumbinary planet Kepler-47c. The spin of the primary star also aligns with the orbits of the binary and the planet (spin-orbit angle β = 2.8±17.1 °). This is the second time the Rossiter–McLaughlin effect was measured for a star hosting a circumbinary planet. Kepler-16 was the first system with such a measurement. The measurement of the alignment for TOI-1338 suggests that the planet formed from a single circumbinary disk.

TOI-1338 c, or BEBOP-1c, is a gas giant about 75 times the mass of Earth. It is also coplanar (or nearly so) with the binary stars and planet b.

See also

• TOI-700
• TOI-849 b

References

1. ^ Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
2. ^ Kostov, Veselin B.; Orosz, Jerome A.; Feinstein, Adina D.; Welsh, William F.; Cukier, Wolf; Haghighipour, Nader; Quarles, Billy; Martin, David V.; Montet, Benjamin T.; Torres, Guillermo; Triaud, Amaury H. M. J. (7 May 2020). "TOI-1338: TESS' First Transiting Circumbinary Planet". The Astronomical Journal. 159 (6): 253. arXiv:2004.07783. Bibcode:2020AJ....159..253K. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab8a48. hdl:10023/20067. ISSN 1538-3881. S2CID 215785933.
3. ^ Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.; Martin, David V.; Ségransan, Damien; Smalley, Barry; Maxted, Pierre F. L.; Anderson, David R.; Bouchy, François; Collier Cameron, Andrew; Faedi, Francesca; Gómez Maqueo Chew, Yilen; Hebb, Leslie; Hellier, Coel; Marmier, Maxime; Pepe, Francesco; Pollacco, Don; Queloz, Didier; Udry, Stéphane; West, Richard (2017). "The EBLM Project. IV. Spectroscopic orbits of over 100 eclipsing M dwarfs masquerading as transiting hot Jupiters". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 608: A129. arXiv:1707.07521. Bibcode:2017A&A...608A.129T. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201730993. S2CID 119372451.
4. ^ Wang, Mu-Tian; Liu, Hui-Gen (July 2024). "Photo-dynamical Analysis of Circumbinary Multi-planet System TOI-1338: A Fully Coplanar Configuration with a Puffy Planet". The Astronomical Journal. 168 (1): 31. arXiv:2404.18415. Bibcode:2024AJ....168...31W. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad4a60.
5. "TOI-1338". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
6. ^ Standing, Matthew R.; Sairam, Lalitha; Martin, David V.; Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.; Correia, Alexandre C. M.; Coleman, Gavin A. L.; Baycroft, Thomas A.; Kunovac, Vedad; Boisse, Isabelle; Andrew Collier Cameron; Dransfield, Georgina; Faria, João P.; Gillon, Michaël; Hara, Nathan C.; Hellier, Coel; Howard, Jonathan; Lane, Ellie; Mardling, Rosemary; Maxted, Pierre F. L.; Miller, Nicola J.; Nelson, Richard P.; Orosz, Jerome A.; Pepe, Franscesco; Santerne, Alexandre; Sebastian, Daniel; Udry, Stéphane; Welsh, William F. (2023), "Radial-velocity discovery of a second planet in the TOI-1338/BEBOP-1 circumbinary system", Nature Astronomy, 7 (6): 702–714, arXiv:2301.10794, Bibcode:2023NatAs...7..702S, doi:10.1038/s41550-023-01948-4, S2CID 259138442
7. Pereira, Ivan (9 January 2020). "New York teen discovers new planet while interning with NASA". ABC News.
8. "Discovery Alert! High School Student Finds a World With Two Suns". Exoplanet Exploration: Planets Beyond our Solar System. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
9. Cukier, Wolf. "Wolf Cukier - Department of Astrophysical Sciences". Princeton Edu. © 2022 The Trustees of Princeton University.
10. Hess, Abigail Johnson (10 January 2020). "17-year-old discovers planet 6.9 times larger than Earth on third day of internship with NASA". CNBC. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
11. ^ "SOPHIE fans call for NASA to name a planet after the late musician". Dazed. 3 February 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
12. Richards, Will (30 January 2021). "DJ and producer SOPHIE has died". NME. Archived from the original on 30 January 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2021.
13. "WGSBN Bulletin, Volume 1, #3" (PDF). International Astronomical Union. 16 June 2021. ISSN 2789-2603. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 October 2021. Retrieved 10 February 2023.
14. Choi, Charles Q. (12 June 2023). "New Tatooine-like exoplanet discovered orbiting twin suns. Meet BEBOP-1c". Space.com. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
15. "MAST: Barbara A. Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes". Space Telescope Science Institute. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
16. Martin, David V.; Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.; Udry, Stephane; Marmier, Maxime; Maxted, Pierre F. L.; Cameron, Andrew Collier; Hellier, Coel; Pepe, Francesco; Pollacco, Don; Segransan, Damien; West, Richard (April 2019). "The BEBOP radial-velocity survey for circumbinary planets I. Eight years of CORALIE observations of 47 single-line eclipsing binaries and abundance constraints on the masses of circumbinary planets". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 624: A68. arXiv:1901.01627. Bibcode:2019A&A...624A..68M. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833669. ISSN 0004-6361.
17. Kunovac Hodzic, Vedad; Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.; Martin, David V.; Fabrycky, Daniel C.; Cegla, Heather M.; Collier Cameron, Andrew; Gill, Samuel; Hellier, Coel; Kostov, Veselin B.; Maxted, Pierre F. L.; Orosz, Jerome A. (1 July 2020). "The EBLM project - VII. Spin-orbit alignment for the circumbinary planet host EBLM J0608-59 A/TOI-1338 A". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 497 (2): 1627–1633. arXiv:2007.05514. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.497.1627K. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa2071. S2CID 220486377.

External links

• TESS – Official WebSite
• NASA Telescope Discovers Its First Planet Orbiting Two Stars
• TOI 1338 at ExoFOP TESS
• The TOI 1338 subject at Planet Hunters, as mentioned in the paper

v t e Exoplanets
Planet Definition IAU Planetary science
Main topics	Exoplanet Exoplanet orbital and physical parameters Methods of detecting exoplanets Planetary system Planet-hosting stars
Sizes and types	Terrestrial Carbon planet Coreless planet Desert planet Dwarf planet Hycean planet Ice planet Iron planet (Super-Mercury) Lava planet Ocean world Mega-Earth Sub-Earth Super-Earth Gaseous Eccentric Jupiter Mini-Neptune (Gas dwarf) Helium planet Hot Jupiter Hot Neptune Gas giant Ice giant Super-Jupiter Super-Neptune Super-puff Ultra-hot Jupiter Ultra-hot Neptune Other types Blanet Brown dwarf Chthonian planet Circumbinary planet Circumtriple planet Disrupted planet Double planet Ecumenopolis Eyeball planet Giant planet Mesoplanet Planemo Planet/Brown dwarf boundary Planetesimal Protoplanet Pulsar planet Sub-brown dwarf Sub-Neptune Toroidal planet Ultra-cool dwarf Ultra-short period planet (USP)
Formation and evolution	Accretion Accretion disk Asteroid belt Circumplanetary disk Circumstellar disc Circumstellar envelope Cosmic dust Debris disk Detached object Disrupted planet Excretion disk Exozodiacal dust Extraterrestrial materials Extraterrestrial sample curation Giant-impact hypothesis Gravitational collapse Hills cloud Internal structure Interplanetary dust cloud Interplanetary medium Interplanetary space Interstellar cloud Interstellar dust Interstellar medium Interstellar space Kuiper belt List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules Merging stars Molecular cloud Nebular hypothesis Oort cloud Outer space Planetary migration Planetary system Planetesimal Planet formation Protoplanetary disk Ring system Rubble pile Sample-return mission Scattered disc Star formation
Systems	Exocomet Interstellar Exomoon Tidally detached Rogue planet Orbits Retrograde Trojan Mean-motion resonances Titius–Bode law
Host stars	A B Binary star Brown dwarfs F/Yellow-white dwarfs G/Yellow dwarfs Herbig Ae/Be K/Orange dwarfs M/Red dwarfs Pulsar Red giant Subdwarf B Subgiant T Tauri White dwarfs Yellow giants
Detection	Astrometry Direct imaging list Microlensing list Polarimetry Timing list Radial velocity list Transit method list Transit-timing variation
Habitability	Astrobiology Astrooceanography Circumstellar habitable zone Earth analog Extraterrestrial liquid water Galactic habitable zone Habitability of binary star systems Habitability of F-type main-sequence star systems Habitability of K-type main-sequence star systems Habitability of natural satellites Habitability of neutron star systems Habitability of red dwarf systems Habitability of yellow dwarf systems Habitable zone for complex life List of potentially habitable exoplanets Tholin Superhabitable planet
Catalogues	Nearby Habitable Systems Exoplanet Data Explorer Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia NASA Exoplanet Archive NASA Star and Exoplanet Database Open Exoplanet Catalogue
Lists	Exoplanetary systems Host stars Multiplanetary systems Stars with proto-planetary discs Exoplanets Discoveries Extremes Firsts Nearest Largest Heaviest Terrestrial candidates Kepler 1–500 501–1000 1001–1500 1501–2000 K2 Potentially habitable Proper names Discovered exoplanets by year before 2000 2000–2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Other	Carl Sagan Institute Exoplanet naming convention Exoplanet phase curves Exoplanetary Circumstellar Environments and Disk Explorer Extragalactic planet Extrasolar planets in fiction Geodynamics of terrestrial exoplanets Neptunian desert Nexus for Exoplanet System Science Planets in globular clusters Small planet radius gap Sudarsky's gas giant classification
Discoveries of exoplanets Search projects

v t e 2020 in space
« 2019 2021 »
Space probe launches	Solar Orbiter (Feb 2020) Hope (Jul 2020) Tianwen-1 (Jul 2020) Mars 2020 (Jul 2020) Perseverance rover Mars Helicopter Ingenuity Chang'e 5 (lunar sample return mission; Nov 2020)
Impact events	2020 China bolide
Selected NEOs	Asteroid close approaches 594913 ꞌAylóꞌchaxnim 2020 BX12 2020 CW 2020 CD3 (temporary satellite) (52768) 1998 OR2 2020 HS7 2020 JJ 2020 LD (163348) 2002 NN4 2020 OY4 2020 QG 2011 ES4 2018 VP1 2020 SO (space debris) 2020 SW 2020 SL1 2020 UA 2020 VV 2020 VT4 (153201) 2000 WO107 (501647) 2014 SD224 2020 XL5
Exoplanets	AU Mic b Gliese 229 Ac Gliese 414 Ab Ac Gliese 433 b c d GJ 1151 b radio emissions K2-315b Kepler-1649c KOI-456.04 Lacaille 9352 b c M51-ULS-1b OGLE-2016-BLG-1928 (rogue planet) Tau Ceti j (predicted) TOI-561 b c d e TOI-700 b c d TOI-732 b c TOI-1338 b TOI-1339 b c d TYC 8998-760-1 c WD 1856+534 b
Discoveries	Betelgeuse dimming FRB 180916 location and periodicity Radcliffe wave Ophiuchus Supercluster explosion PSO J03094+27 (distant blazar) 2MASS J1047+21 wind speed measurements SGR 1935+2154 (soft gamma ray repeater) HR 6819 black hole hypothesis PHL 293B ending of P Cygni profile hydrogen emission lines Swift J1818.0–1607 (young magnetar) GW190814 (announced) South Pole Wall GW190521 (announced) Phosphine detection in the atmosphere of Venus Water detection on the sunlit surface of the Moon
Comets	C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS) P/2019 LD2 (ATLAS) C/2017 T2 (PANSTARRS) C/2020 F8 (SWAN) C/2019 U6 (LEMMON) C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE) 2P/Encke 88P/Howell 156P/Russell–LINEAR
Space exploration	Spitzer retirement (Jan 2020) BepiColombo (Earth gravity assist; Apr 2020, Venus gravity assist; Oct 2020) OSIRIS-REx (sample collection from asteroid Bennu; Oct 2020) Hayabusa2 (sample return from asteroid Ryugu; Dec 2020) Chang'e 5 (lunar sample return; Dec 2020)
Outer space portal Category:2019 in outer space — Category:2020 in outer space — Category:2021 in outer space

v t e Constellation of Pictor
List of stars in Pictor Pictor in Chinese astronomy
Stars	Bayer α β γ δ ζ η η θ ι κ λ μ ν μ Dor Variable R S RR SW TU TV TW TX AB AE AK VZ HR 1498 1667 1727 1742 1813 1856 1860 1912 1984 2008 2023 2032 2044 2049 2072 2089 2094 2114 2117 2138 2274 2336 2337 2345 2354 2360 2369 2389 2562 HD 37781 40307 41004 41248 Other 2MASS J05581644–4501559 EBLM J0555-57 NGC 1995 PSR J0437−4715 TOI-270 TOI-1338 WISE 0647−6232
Exoplanets AB Pictoris b β Pictoris b c HD 40307 b c d e f g HR 2562 B LHS 1815 b TOI-1338 b c
Galaxies	NGC 1705 1803 1998 2008 Other Pictor A PKS 0529-549 PKS 0537-441 QSO J0529-4351
Category

• Astronomy
• Stars
• Science

• Exoplanets discovered by Planet Hunters
• Planetary systems with two confirmed planets
• TESS Objects of Interest
• Pictor
• Eclipsing binaries
• F-type main-sequence stars
• M-type main-sequence stars