A vulvar disease is a particular abnormal, pathological condition that affects part or all of the vulva. Several pathologies are defined. Some can be prevented by vulvovaginal health maintenance.
Vulvar cancer
Main article: Vulvar cancerVulvar cancer accounts for about 5% of all gynecological cancers and typically affects women in later life. Five-year survival rates in the United States are around 70%.
Symptoms of vulvar cancer include itching, a lump or sore on the vulva which does not heal and/or grows larger, and sometimes discomfort/pain/swelling in the vulval area. Treatments include vulvectomy – removal of all or part of the vulva.
Vulvo-perineal localization of dermatologic disorders
Systemic disorders may be localized in the vulvo-perineal region.
- In Langerhans cell histiocytosis, lesions initially are erythematous, purpuric papules and they then become scaly, crusted and sometimes confluent.
- In Kawasaki disease, an erythematous, desquamating perineal rash may occur in the second week of symptom onset, almost at the same time as palmoplantar desquamation.
- Acrodermatitis enteropathica is a biochemical disorder of zinc metabolism.
- Diaper dermatitis in infancy
Blemishes and cysts
- Epidermal cysts
- Angiomas
- Moles
- Freckles
- Lentigos
- Scars
- Scarification
- Vitiligo
- Tattoos
- Hypertrophy
- Sinus pudoris
- Bartholin's cyst
- Skene's duct cyst, a paraurethral cyst
Infections
- Candidiasis (thrush)
- Bacterial vaginosis (BV)
- Genital warts, due to human papilloma virus (HPV)
- Molluscum contagiosum
- Herpes simplex (genital herpes)
- Herpes zoster (shingles)
- Tinea cruris (fungus)
- Hidradenitis suppurativa
- Infestations with pinworms (rare), scabies and lice.
Inflammatory diseases
- Eczema/Dermatitis
- Lichen simplex (chronic eczema)
- Psoriasis
- Lichen sclerosus
- Lichen planus
- Zoon's vulvitis (Zoon's balanitis in men)
- Pemphigus vulgaris
- Pemphigoid (mucous membrane pemphigoid, cicatricial pemphigoid, bullous pemphigoid)
Pain syndromes
- Vulvodynia and vulvar vestibulitis
- Vaginismus
Ulcers
Developmental disorders
- Septate vagina
- Vaginal opening extremely close to the urethra or anus
- An imperforate hymen
- Various stages of genital masculinization including fused labia, an absent or partially formed vagina, urethra located on the clitoris.
- Intersex
Tumoral and hamartomatous diseases
- Hemangiomas and vascular dysplasia may involve the perineal region
- Infantile perianal pyramidal protrusion
Other
- Vulvar lymphangioma
- Paget's disease of the vulva
- Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN)
- Bowen's disease
- Bowenoid papulosis
- Vulvar varicose veins
- Labial adhesions
- Perineodynia (perineal pain)
- Desquamative inflammatory vaginitis (DIV)
- Childbirth tears and episiotomy related changes
- Vestibulodynia
See also
References
- "SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Vulvar Cancer". NCI. Archived from the original on 16 July 2019. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
- Dominique Hamel-Teillac sara catanzaro (2005). "Vulvo-Perineal Localization of Dermatologic Disorders, 2005". Health.am. Archived from the original on 2016-04-03. Retrieved 2014-09-26.
- Dominique Hamel-Teillac (2005). "Diaper Dermatitis in Infancy, 2005". Health.am. Archived from the original on 2019-05-13. Retrieved 2014-09-26.
- Dominique Hamel-Teillac (2005). "Infectious Diseases (Except Sexually Transmitted Diseases)". Health.am. Archived from the original on 2016-04-02. Retrieved 2014-09-26.
- Dominique Hamel-Teillac (2005). "Tumoral and Hamartomatous Diseases of the Vulva, 2005". Health.am. Archived from the original on 2016-04-03. Retrieved 2014-09-26.
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