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Isotopes of yttrium

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Isotopes of yttrium (39Y)
Main isotopes Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
Y synth 3.4 d ε Sr
γ
Y synth 106.6 d ε Sr
γ
Y 100% stable
Y synth 2.7 d β Zr
γ
Y synth 58.5 d β Zr
γ
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Y)
  • 88.905838±0.000002
  • 88.906±0.001 (abridged)

Natural yttrium (39Y) is composed of a single isotope yttrium-89. The most stable radioisotopes are Y, which has a half-life of 106.6 days, and Y, with a half-life of 58.51 days. All the other isotopes have half-lives of less than a day, except Y, which has a half-life of 79.8 hours, and Y, with 64 hours. The dominant decay mode below the stable Y is electron capture and the dominant mode after it is beta emission. Thirty-five unstable isotopes have been characterized.

Y exists in equilibrium with its parent isotope strontium-90, which is a product of nuclear fission.

List of isotopes


Nuclide
Z N Isotopic mass (Da)
Half-life
Decay
mode

Daughter
isotope

Spin and
parity
Isotopic
abundance
Excitation energy
Y 39 37 75.95894(32)# 28(9) ms β? Sr 1−#
p? Sr
β, p? Rb
Y 39 38 76.95015(22)# 63(17) ms β Sr 5/2+#
p? Sr
β, p? Rb
Y 39 39 77.94399(32)# 54(5) ms β Sr (0+)
β, p? Rb
Y 0(500)# keV 5.8(6) s β Sr (5+)
β, p? Rb
Y 39 40 78.937946(86) 14.8(6) s β Sr 5/2+#
Y 39 41 79.9343548(67) 30.1(5) s β Sr 4−
Y 228.5(1) keV 4.8(3) s IT (81%) Y 1−
β (19%) Sr
Y 312.6(9) keV 4.7(3) μs IT Y (2+)
Y 39 42 80.9294543(58) 70.4(10) s β Sr (5/2+)
Y 39 43 81.9269302(59) 8.30(20) s β Sr 1+
Y 402.63(14) keV 258(22) ns IT Y 4−
Y 507.50(13) keV 148(6) ns IT Y 6+
Y 39 44 82.922484(20) 7.08(8) min β Sr (9/2+)
Y 62.04(10) keV 2.85(2) min β (60%) Sr (3/2−)
IT (40%) Y
Y 39 45 83.9206711(46) 39.5(8) min β Sr (6+)
Y 67.0(2) keV 4.6(2) s β Sr 1+
Y 210.42(16) keV 292(10) ns IT Y 4−
Y 39 46 84.916433(20) 2.68(5) h β Sr (1/2)−
Y 19.68(17) keV 4.86(20) h β Sr (9/2)+
IT? Y
Y 266.18(10) keV 178(7) ns IT Y (5/2)−
Y 39 47 85.914886(15) 14.74(2) h β Sr 4−
Y 218.21(9) keV 47.4(4) min IT (99.31%) Y (8+)
β (0.69%) Sr
Y 302.18(9) keV 125.3(55) ns IT Y 6+
Y 39 48 86.9108761(12) 79.8(3) h β Sr 1/2−
Y 380.82(7) keV 13.37(3) h IT (98.43%) Y 9/2+
β (1.57%) Sr
Y 39 49 87.9095013(16) 106.629(24) d β Sr 4−
Y 392.86(9) keV 301(3) μs IT Y 1+
Y 674.55(4) keV 13.98(17) ms IT Y 8+
Y 39 50 88.90583816(36) Stable 1/2− 1.0000
Y 908.97(3) keV 15.663(5) s IT Y 9/2+
Y 39 51 89.90714175(38) 64.05(5) h β Zr 2−
Y 682.01(5) keV 3.226(11) h IT Y 7+
β (0.0018%) Zr
Y 39 52 90.9072980(20) 58.51(6) d β Zr 1/2−
Y 555.58(5) keV 49.71(4) min IT Y 9/2+
β? Zr
Y 39 53 91.9089458(98) 3.54(1) h β Zr 2−
Y 807(50)# keV 3.7(5) μs IT Y 7+#
Y 39 54 92.909578(11) 10.18(8) h β Zr 1/2−
Y 758.719(21) keV 820(40) ms IT Y 9/2+
Y 39 55 93.9115921(68) 18.7(1) min β Zr 2−
Y 1202.3(10) keV 1.304(12) μs IT Y (5+)
Y 39 56 94.9128197(73) 10.3(1) min β Zr 1/2−
Y 1087.6(6) keV 48.6(5) μs IT Y 9/2+
Y 39 57 95.9159093(65) 5.34(5) s β Zr 0−
Y 1540(9) keV 9.6(2) s β Zr 8+
Y 1655.0(11) keV 181(9) ns IT Y (6+)
Y 39 58 96.9182867(72) 3.75(3) s β (99.945%) Zr 1/2−
β, n (0.055%) Zr
Y 667.52(23) keV 1.17(3) s β (>99.2%) Zr 9/2+
IT (<0.7%) Y
β, n (0.11%) Zr
Y 3522.6(4) keV 142(8) ms IT (94.8%) Y (27/2−)
β (5.2%) Zr
Y 39 59 97.9223948(85) 548(2) ms β (99.67%) Zr 0−
β, n (0.33%) Zr
Y 170.78(5) keV 615(8) ns IT Y 2−
Y 465.7(7) keV 2.32(8) s β (96.56%) Zr (6,7)+
β, n (3.44%) Zr
IT? Y
Y 496.10(11) keV 6.90(54) μs IT Y (4)−
Y 594(10) keV 180(7) ns IT Y (3−,4−)
Y 972.17(20) keV 450(150) ns IT Y (8+)
Y 1181.50(18) keV 762(14) ns IT Y (10−)
Y 39 60 98.9241608(71) 1.484(7) s β (98.23%) Zr 5/2+
β, n (1.77%) Zr
Y 2141.65(19) keV 8.2(4) μs IT Y (17/2+)
Y 39 61 99.927728(12) 940(30) ms β Zr 4+
β, n? Zr
Y 144(16) keV 727(6) ms β (98.92%) Zr 1+#
β, n (1.08%) Zr
Y 39 62 100.9301608(76) 426(20) ms β (97.7%) Zr 5/2+
β, n (2.3%) Zr
Y 1205.0(10) keV 870(90) ns IT Y 13/2−#
Y 39 63 101.9343285(44) 360(40) ms β (>97.4%) Zr (5−)
β, n (<2.6%) Zr
Y 100(100)# keV 300(100) ms β (>97.4%) Zr (0−,1−)
β, n (<2.6%) Zr
IT? Y
Y 39 64 102.937244(12) 239(12) ms β (92.0%) Zr 5/2+#
β, n (8.0%) Zr
Y 39 65 103.94194(22)# 197(4) ms β (66%) Zr (0+,1+)#
β, n (34%) Zr
β, 2n? Zr
Y 39 66 104.94571(43)# 95(9) ms β Zr 5/2+#
β, n (<82%) Zr
β, 2n? Zr
Y 39 67 105.95084(54)# 75(6) ms β Zr 2+#
β, n? Zr
β, 2n? Zr
Y 39 68 106.95494(54)# 33.5(3) ms β Zr 5/2+#
β, n? Zr
β, 2n? Zr
Y 39 69 107.96052(64)# 30(5) ms β Zr 6−#
β, n? Zr
β, 2n? Zr
Y 39 70 108.96513(75)# 25(5) ms β Zr 5/2+#
β, n? Zr
β, 2n? Zr
Y 39 71
Y 39 72
This table header & footer:
  1. Y – Excited nuclear isomer.
  2. ( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
  3. # – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
  4. ^ # – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
  5. Modes of decay:
    IT: Isomeric transition
    n: Neutron emission
    p: Proton emission
  6. Bold italics symbol as daughter – Daughter product is nearly stable.
  7. Bold symbol as daughter – Daughter product is stable.
  8. ( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
  9. ^ Order of ground state and isomer is uncertain.
  10. ^ Fission product

References

  1. "Standard Atomic Weights: Yttrium". CIAAW. 2021.
  2. Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
  3. Wang, Meng; Huang, W.J.; Kondev, F.G.; Audi, G.; Naimi, S. (2021). "The AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references*". Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030003. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddaf.
  4. ^ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
  5. ^ Sumikama, T.; et al. (2021). "Observation of new neutron-rich isotopes in the vicinity of 110Zr". Physical Review C. 103 (1): 014614. Bibcode:2021PhRvC.103a4614S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.103.014614. hdl:10261/260248. S2CID 234019083.
Isotopes of the chemical elements
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