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{{Short description|Indian activist, writer and publisher (1921–2003)}}
'''Sita Ram Goel''' ({{lang-hi|सीता राम गोयल}} ''{{IAST|Sītā Rām Goyal}}'') (]–]), historian, writer and publisher, is an important late 20th century ] thinker. He had ] leanings during the ], but later became an outspoken ]. In his later career he emerged as a commentator on and critic of ], ] and ].
{{multiple issues|
{{POV|date=March 2019}}
{{primary sources|date=March 2019}}
{{too few opinions|date=March 2019}}
}}
{{EngvarB|date=September 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox writer
| name = Sita Ram Goel
| image = Sita Ram Goel.JPG
| image_size = 120px
| caption = Sita Ram Goel
| birth_date = {{birth date|1921|10|16|df=yes}}
| birth_place = ], ]
| death_date = {{death date and age |2003|12|03 |1921|10|16 |df=yes}}
| occupation ={{hlist|Historian|Writer|publisher}}
| alma_mater = ]
| period = Late 20th century
| genre = History, Politics, Comparative Religion
| subject = Hinduism, Dharmic traditions, Christianity, Islam, Communism, Indian politics, British Imperialism
| movement =
| notableworks = ''How I Became a Hindu''<br />''The Story of Islamic Imperialism in India''<br />''History of Hindu–Christian Encounters, AD 304 to 1996''<br />'']''<br />'']''
}}'''Sita Ram Goel''' (16 October 1921 – 3 December 2003) was an Indian scholar and historian. His work has been celebrated for challenging the prevailing secular, ] narrative in Indian intellectual and cultural discourse, but also criticized for its alignment with the Hindu right.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-16 |title=Sita Ram Goel: The man who exposed Nehruvian fallacies and won our hearts with his mind |url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/sita-ram-goel-the-man-who-exposed-nehruvian-fallacies-and-won-our-hearts-with-his-mind-10060681.html |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=Firstpost |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=For the RSS, Denouncing and Appropriating Ambedkar Go Hand in Hand |url=https://thewire.in/politics/ambedkar-appropriating-rss-bjp |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=The Wire}}</ref>


In his later career, Goel transitioned into a role as a commentator on Indian politics, aligning himself openly with Hindu nationalism, a stance that has generated significant debate and scrutiny among scholars and observers of Indian society and politics.<ref>{{cite book |chapter=Tolerance and Hierarchy: Accommodating Multiple Religious Paths in Hinduism |first=Richard H. |last=Davis |pages=361–362 |title=Religious Tolerance in World Religions |editor1-first=Jacob |editor1-last=Neusner |editor2-first=Bruce |editor2-last=Chilton |edition=2nd |publisher=Templeton Foundation Press |year=2008 |isbn=978-1-59947-136-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z_695Vfox-0C |access-date=23 January 2012 }}{{Dead link|date=February 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |chapter=The Indian Church: Catholicism and Indian Nationhood |first=Mathew N. |last=Schmalz |title=The Catholic Church and the nation-state: comparative perspectives |editor1-first=Paul Christopher |editor1-last=Manuel |editor2-first=Lawrence Christopher |editor2-last=Reardon |editor3-first=Clyde |editor3-last=Wilcox |publisher=Georgetown University Press |year=2006 |isbn=978-1-58901-115-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-8gqfwcbTaAC |page=217 |access-date=23 January 2012}}</ref>
]


== Life == ==Life==
{{Hindu politics}}
=== Early life ===


===Early life===
Sita Ram Goel was born to a non-traditional Hindu family in ], in 1921; though his childhood was spent in ]. The family looked upon ], a nirguna saint comparable to ] and ], as its patron saint and his verses, "]", were often recited at their home.<ref name = "HIBAH 1">Goel, Sita Ram, , Chapter 1</ref>
Sita Ram Goel was born to a Hindu family in ], in 1921; though his childhood was spent in ]. The family looked upon ], a ] saint comparable to ] and ], as its patron saint and his verses, "Granth Saheb",<ref>This is a separate collection of hymns by Garibdas and a few other ] saints. Not to be confused with holy-book of The ]</ref> were often recited at their home.<ref name="HIBAH 1">Goel, Sita Ram, {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930184355/http://voiceofdharma.com/books/hibh/ch1.htm |date=30 September 2007 }}, Chapter 1</ref>


Goel graduated in History from the ] in 1944. As a student, he was a social activist and worked for a ] Ashram in his village. His sympathies for the ], the Harijans and the ], along with his strong support for ], brought him into conflict with many people in his village; <ref name = "HIBAH 2">Goel, Sita Ram, , Chapter 2</ref> Goel also learned to speak and write ] during these college days. <ref name = "HIBAH 3">Goel, Sita Ram, , Chapter 3</ref> Goel graduated in history from the ] in 1944. As a student, he was a social activist and worked for a ] Ashram in his village. His sympathies for the ], the Harijans and the ], along with his strong support for ], brought him into conflict with many people in his village;<ref name = "HIBAH 2">Goel, Sita Ram, , Chapter 2</ref> Goel also learned to speak and write ] during his college days.<ref name = "HIBAH 3">Goel, Sita Ram, , Chapter 3</ref>


==Works==
=== Direct Action Day ===


===''Hindu View of Christianity and Islam (1993)''===
On ], ], during the ] riots in Calcutta that were allegedly instigated by the ] shortly before ], Goel, his wife and their eldest son narrowly escaped with their lives. In his autobiography, "]", Goel writes that he "would have been killed by a Muslim mob" but his fluent ] and his Western dress saved him. He further relates, that the next evening they "had to vacate that house and scale a wall at the back to escape murderous Muslim mobs advancing with firearms."<ref name = "HIBAH 4">Goel, Sita Ram, , Chapter 4</ref> He subsequently wrote and circulated a lengthy article on the riots, titled ''"The Devil Dance In Calcutta"'', in which he held Hindus and Muslims equally responsible for the tragedy. <ref name = "HIBAH 5">Goel, Sita Ram, , Chapter 5</ref> His friend Swarup, however, criticized him for equating Muslim violence with Hindu violence, claiming that Muslim violence was "aggressive and committed in the furtherance of a very reactionary and retrograde cause, namely the vivisection of India".<ref name = "HIBAH 5"/>
In 1993 the MP ], who in 1988 asked for the ban on '']'',<ref>Shahabuddin, Syed. "You did this with satanic forethought, Mr. Rushdie." Times of India. 13 October 1988.</ref> demanded a ban on ] book ''Hindu View of Christianity and Islam''.<ref>In Syed Shahabuddin's letter to ], Minister of State in the Ministry of Home Affairs on 20 August 1993. Sita Ram Goel:The Calcutta Quran Petition., Chapter 1.</ref> Goel and Swarup went into hiding because they feared that they could get arrested. The court accepted a bail and the authors came out of hiding.<ref name="ReferenceB">S.R. Goel, ed.: Freedom of Expression, 1998</ref><ref name="ReferenceC">K. Elst: "Banning Hindu Revaluation", Observer of Business and Politics, 1 December 1993</ref> ] and K. S. Lal protested against the ban.<ref name="ReferenceB"/><ref name="ReferenceC"/>


===Colin Maine's ''The Dead Hand of Islam''===
=== Communism to anti-communism ===
In 1986, Goel reprinted Colin Maine's essay ''The Dead Hand of Islam'' . Some Muslims filed a criminal case against Goel, alleging that it violated Sections 153A and 295A of the Indian Penal Code and similar articles of the Indian Customs Act.


The judge discharged Goel and referred to the earlier court precedent "1983 CrLJ 1446". Speaking of the importance of that precedent, the judge in his discussion said: "If such a contention is accepted a day will come when that part of history which is unpalatable to a particular religion will have to be kept in cold storage on the pretext that the publication of such history would constitute an offence punishable under Sec. 153A of the Penal Code. The scope of S-153A cannot be enlarged to such an extent with a view to thwart history. (...) Otherwise, the position will be very precarious. A nation will have to forget its own history and in due course the nation will have no history at all. (...) If anybody intends to extinguish the history (by prohibiting its publication) of the nation on the pretext of taking action under the above sections, his act will have to be treated as malafide one."<ref name="Theocracy Versus Liberal Democracy 1998">Freedom of expression – Secular Theocracy Versus Liberal Democracy (1998, edited by Sita Ram Goel) {{ISBN|81-85990-55-7}}</ref>
In mid-1940s Goel met members of the CSP (]), translated writings by ] and ] into English, and was offered a position as an editor of a CSP publication. But his first editoral for the weekly was deemed to be pro-communist, and he had to stop writing for the weekly.<ref name = "HIBAH 4"/>


===''The Calcutta Quran Petition''===
Sita Ram Goel had developed a strong ] leaning during his student days and was on the verge of joining the ] in ]. The Communist Party, however, was banned in ] on the day he planned to officially become its member. He read ]'s ] and ], ]'s "Communism", and "came to the conclusion that while Marx stood for a harmonised social system, ] held the key to a harmonised human personality."<ref name = "HIBAH 3"/> Later, books by ], ], and ] ("Stalin's Russia") convinced him to abandon communism.<ref name = "HIBAH 6">Goel, Sita Ram, , Chapter 6</ref> Subsequently he wrote many books critical of communism in Calcutta, and worked for the anti-communist ''"Society for the Defence of Freedom in Asia"'' (SDFA).<ref name = "HIBAH 7">Goel, Sita Ram, , Chapter 7</ref><ref name = "RS">], "Ram Swarup (1920-98): outline of a biography" </ref> According to Goel, when he wanted to apply for a passport in 1955, he was told that his case was receiving attention from the Prime Minister himself, and his application was not granted.<ref>Sita Ram Goel Genesis and Growth of Nehruism (1993)</ref>
Goel published '']'' with Chandmal Chopra in 1986. On 31 August 1987, Chopra was arrested by the police and kept in custody until 8 September for publishing the book with Goel. Goel absconded to avoid arrest.<ref>Elst, 1991.</ref>


===''Hindu Temples – What Happened to Them''===
=== 'Nehruism' and Censorship ===
There were proposals in November 1990 in ] to ban Goel's book '']''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://koenraadelst.voiceofdharma.com/books/ayodhya/ch12.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927233935/http://koenraadelst.voiceofdharma.com/books/ayodhya/ch12.htm|url-status=dead|title=Elst 1991|archivedate=27 September 2007}}</ref>


==Legacy==
Goel wrote regularly for the "Organiser" weekly, whose editor ] was his friend. In 1961-1962 he used the pseudonym Ekaki (solitary) while writing the series "In Defence of Comrade ]", critical of ] leader ].<ref name = "HIBAH 9">Goel, Sita Ram, , Chapter 9</ref> Although the series was widely read and praised, he was later admonished by a leader of the ] (RSS) for being too focused on Nehru, and the series was discontinued.<ref name = "HIBAH 9"/><ref>Suzanne Labin said:"I have read your masterpiece, 'In Defense of Comrade Krishna Menon.' It is profound, well-constructed, well argued, an honest, sound and brilliant study." On the dust wrapper of "In Defense of Comrade Krishna Menon"</ref> The collected series was published in December, 1963 by Vaidya Gurudatta <ref name = "HIBAH 9"/> and an updated version released as "Genesis and Growth of Nehruism" thirty years later. However Goel's writings about Nehru in the Organiser cost him his job <ref name = "HIBAH 8">Goel, Sita Ram, , Chapter 8</ref> and disillusioned him of the RSS.<ref name = "HIBAH 9"/>
Sita Ram Goel has been described by ] as an "intellectual kshatriya".<ref>e.g. in India's only communalist: In commemoration of Sita Ram Goel; Edited by Koenraad Elst; Voice of India, New Delhi. (2005)</ref> ] said about Goel that he was "modern India's greatest intellectual kshatriya", and "one of India's most important thinkers in the post-independence era". According to Frawley, "Sitaram followed a strong rationalistic point of view that did not compromise the truth even for politeness sake. His intellectual rigor is quite unparalleled in Hindu circles..."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindubooks.org/david_frawley/how_i_became_a_hindu/journalistic_work/page8.htm|title=David Frawley Books - How I Became A Hindu My Discover Of Vedic Dharma - Journalistic Work (Page8)|work=hindubooks.org}}</ref>


==Books and booklets==
According to Goel, he was kept under surveillance by the Indian government during the 1962 ]. He was however not arrested, even though this was according to him demanded by some government leaders, including future Prime Minister ].<ref name = "HIBAH 9"/><ref name = "IOC">], "India's only communalist - A short biography of Sita Ram Goel"</ref> In November, 1962 he was recruited to participate in a ] war against Communist China, but he refused, saying "that so long as ] Nehru was the Prime Minister of the country, I could be only a traitor to it." <ref name = "HIBAH 9"/>
<!-- sorted chronologically-->


===English===
During the 1980s Goel worked on a series titled "Muslim Separatism: Causes and Consequences", but some passages from his articles were censored by the Organiser.<ref name = "HIBAH 9"/> He discovered that his series was considered too controversial by the RSS leadership who thought that it was alienating Muslims from the party, and Goel had to stop writing for the Organiser after the completion of the series "Perversion of India's Political Parlance". ], who was the editor for the Organiser for three decades, was sacked because of his support for Goel.<ref name = "HIBAH 9"/><ref name = "FOE">Goel, Sita Ram, "Freedom of expression: Secular Theocracy Versus Liberal Democracy"</ref> Goel also noted that on other occasions that some of his articles, e.g. his article on the ] controversy, were suppressed in the Indian media.<ref>Goel:How I became a Hindu, History of Hindu-Christian Encounters</ref><ref>Koenraad Elst. BJP vis-a-vis Hindu Resurgence. ch.17</ref>
'''Author'''
* ''The China debate; whom shall we believe?'', Calcutta: Society for Defence of Freedom in Asia, 1953, 50 p.
* ''Mind Murder in Mao-land'', Calcutta: Society for Defence of Freedom in Asia, 1953, 53 p.
* ''Communist Party in China: a study in treason.'', Calcutta: Society for Defence of Freedom in Asia, 1953, 106 p.
* ''China is red with peasants' blood'', Calcutta: Society for Defence of Freedom in Asia, 1953, 92 p.
* ''CPI conspires for civil-war: analysis of a secret document'', Calcutta: Society for Defence of Freedom in Asia, 1953, 56 p.
* ''Red brother or yellow slave ?'', Calcutta: Society for Defence of Freedom in Asia, 1953, 82 p.
* ''Nehru's fatal friendship'', New Delhi: Society for Defence of Freedom in Asia, 1955, 29 p.
* ''Netaji and the CPI'', Calcutta: Society for Defence of Freedom in Asia, 1955, 72 p.
* ''In defence of Comrade Krishna Menon : a political biography of Pandit Nehru'', New Delhi: Bharati Sahitya Sadan, 1963, 272 p. <small>A reprint with changes would appear in 1993 as the Volume I of ''Genesis and growth of Nehruism''.</small>
* ''Hindu society under siege'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1981, 48 p. <small>A revised edition released in 1994.</small> <ref>{{cite web | url=http://voiceofdharma.org/books/hsus/index.htm | title=Hindu Society Under Siege }}</ref>
* ''How I Became a Hindu'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1982, 67 p. <small>A third enlarged edition would appear in 1993, 106 p.</small> <ref>{{cite web | url=http://voiceofdharma.org/books/hibh/ | title=How I Became Hindu}}</ref>
* ''The Story of Islamic Imperialism in India'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1982, 126 p. <small>A second enlarged edition would appear in 1994, 138 p.</small>
* ''Defence of Hindu Society'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1983, 96 p. <small>A second edition would appear in 1987 and a third enlarged one in 1994, 118 p.</small>
* ''Muslim separatism : causes and consequences'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1983, 123 p. <small>A second revised edition will appear in 1995, 128 p.</small>
* ''Perversion of India's political parlance'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1984, 60 p.
* ''History of heroic Hindu resistance to Muslim invaders, 636 AD to 1206 AD'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1984, 48 p. <small>Another edition would be released in 1994, 58 p.</small>
* ''The emerging national vision'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1984, 15 p.
* ''] : the man and his mission'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1985, 16 p.
* ''Papacy, its doctrines and history'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1986, 118 p.
* ''Catholic Ashrams'': adopting and adapting Hindu dharma'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1988, 100 p.
* ''History of Hindu–Christian Encounters, AD 304 to 1996'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1989, 405 p. <small>A second revised and enlarged edition would appear in 1996, 530 p.</small>
* ''Hindus and Hinduism : Manipulation of meanings'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1993, 24 p.
* ''Islam vis-a-vis Hindu temples'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1993, 66 p.
* ''Genesis and growth of Nehruism. vol. 1, Commitment to Communism'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1993, 231 p. <small>Reprint with changes of the 1963 book ''In defence of Comrade Krishna Menon''.</small>
* ''Stalinist "historians" spread the big lie'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1993, 38 p.
* ''Jesus Christ : an artifice for aggression'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1994, 114 p.


'''Editor'''
=== Publisher and writer ===
* ''] : Vol. I, A preliminary survey'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1990, 191 p. <small>With ] et al. Volume II would be released in 1993, 440 p.</small>

* ''Freedom of expression : secular theocracy versus liberal democracy'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1998, 179 p. <small>Mostly articles.</small>
Goel founded the publishing house Biblia Impex India (Aditya Prakashan) in 1963, which published books by authors such as ], Ram Swarup, ] and ].<ref name = "IOC"/> Sita Ram Goel joined the non-profit publishing house Voice of India in 1982.<ref>Goel:Freedom of Expression</ref> ] was founded in 1982 by Ram Swarup,<ref>Letter by Goel to Hinduism Today, July 1998. Letters </ref> and published works by ], A.K. Chatterjee, ], ], ], Sant R.S. Nirala, and ] among others .<ref name = "HIBAH 9"/>
* ''Time for stock taking, whither ]?'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1997, 468 p. <small>Criticisms of the ] and ], including their responses.</small>

* '']: the Niyogi Committee report on Christian missionary activities'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1998, 1006 p. <small>A reprint, with an introduction by Goel, of the official report on the missionaries' methods of subversion and conversion, from 1956.</small>
American author ] wrote, ''"While Voice of India had a controversial reputation, I found nothing irrational, much less extreme about their ideas or publications... Their criticisms of Islam were on par with the criticisms of the ] Church and of ] done by such Western thinkers as ] or ]. In fact they went far beyond such mere rational or historical criticisms of other religions and brought in a profound spiritual and yogic view as well." '' <ref name = "HIBAH DF">] </ref>

Early versions of several of Goels books were previously published as a series in periodicals like Hinduism Today, Indian Express or the ''Organiser''. Goel speculates that, a series of article he published in ] in 1989 regarding the destruction of Hindu temples by Muslims, may have contributed to the firing of its editor ] the following year.<ref name = "HIBAH 9"/> In August 1990 while releasing two books published by "Voice of India", ] leader ] chided Goel for using strong language.<ref name = "HIBAH 9"/>

Goel also worked as a part-time secretary for the ''All India Panchayat Parishad'' whose manager was his friend ]. Narayan was impressed by Goel's Hindi book "Samyak Sambuddha" and said to Goel, "If ] is what you say it is, I am all for it. You can count me as a Sanatanist from today. You can say to whomsoever you please that JP has become a Sanatanist."<ref name = "HIBAH 9"/>

== Opinions ==
=== On alleged rewriting of history books ===
Goel claimed that there was a "systematic distortion" of India's history which the Marxist historians of Aligarh and the JNU had undertaken.<ref>Goel: How I became a Hindu, ch.9</ref> In particular, he claims that the history of medieval India and the Islamic invasions is being rewritten. He described it as an "experiment with Untruth" and an exercise in suppressio veri suggestio falsi.<ref name = "SII"/> According to him, the Ministry of Education has extended this experiment to school-level text-books of history. Goel called it "an insidious attempt at ] and ]" and argued that the NCERT guidelines are "recommendations for telling lies to our children, or for not telling to them the truth at all."<ref name = "SII"/>

=== On Indian secularism ===

Goel has also criticized ], alleging that "this concept of Secularism is a gross perversion of the concept which arose in the modem West as a revolt against Christianity and which should mean, in the Indian context, a revolt against Islam as well."<ref>Goel:How I became a Hindu. ch.9</ref>

=== On Media bias ===

Goel also claimed that there is a ] in India, in particular with regard to criticism of Islam or people like Nehru. In 1955 Goel asked one of his friends, who was supportive of Nehru and who had published in many international and national journals, to write an article critical of Nehru's policies. But the Indian publications didn't accept his critical article, and his standing as a scholar in India suffered greatly.<ref>Goel:How I became a Hindu. ch.9</ref>

Goel also described an incident during a seminar on "Hurdles To Secularism" in 1963 which Goel attented, and was presided over by ]. Most partcipants of the seminar criticzed only "Hindu communalism". But when one Muslim speaker took up the issue of Muslim communalism, he was shouted down by the other Muslims of the seminar, and had to stop talking.<ref>Goel:Defence of Hindu Society. ch.9</ref>

=== On Indian nationalist organisations ===

Goel has also criticized Hindu nationalist organizations like the RSS. He claimed that with few exceptions they "shared the Nehruvian consensus on all important issues", and that "the RSS and the BJS stalwarts spent almost all their time and energy in proving that they were not Hindu communalists but honest secularists." He also claimed that RSS members are worried almost only about the reputation of their organization and their leaders, and are rather ignorant to Hindu causes.<ref>Goel: How I became a Hindu, ch.9</ref> When a ] leader asked him to write a book about the BJS, Goel replied that his book "would be pretty critical on the score of their policies."<ref>Goel: How I became a Hindu, ch.9</ref>

===On Christianity===

Goel was outspoken in his criticism of ]. Catherine Cornille and others have criticized Goel for his anti-Christian perspective.<ref>Preface to Goel's "Catholic Ashrams". 1994.</ref> <ref>Catherine Cornille. The Guru in Indian Catholicism: Ambiguity or Opportunity of Inculturation, Louvain, 1990, pp.192-93.</ref>

In 1995 Goel sent ] his book "Jesus Christ: An Artifice for Aggression", and a letter in protest to Robertson's remarks towards the religion of Hinduism.<ref>S.R. Goel:History of Hindu-Christian Encounters, 1996</ref>

=== On Islam and Muslims ===

Goel has criticized the history and doctrines of Islam in some of his writings. His works are also cited by critics of Islam like ]<ref>'']'', Regnery Publishing 2006. '']'', Regnery Publishing, 2005.</ref> and ]<ref>Eminent Historians: Their Technology, Their Line, Their Fraud. 1998</ref>.

Despite his criticism of Islam, he said that he is not opposed "to an understanding and reconciliation between the two communities. All I want to say is that no significant synthesis or assimilation took place in the past, and history should not be distorted and falsified to serve the political purposes of a Hindu-baiting herd."<ref name = "SII">Goel, Sita Ram, The Story of Islamic Imperialism</ref> He argues that the Muslims should evaluate the Islamic history and doctrines in terms of ] and ] "without resort to the casuistry marshalled by the mullahs and sufis, or the apologetics propped up by the Aligarh and Stalinist schools of historians", just as the ] Christians did centuries earlier with Christianity.<ref name = "SII"/>

He believed that the "average Muslim is as good or bad a human being as an average Hindu"<ref name = "SII"/>, and warned:
:Some people are prone to confuse Islam with its victims, that is, the Muslims, and condemn the latter at the same time as they come to know the crudities of the former. This is a very serious confusion, which should be avoided by all those who believe in building up a broad-based human brotherhood as opposed to narrow, ], self-centred, and chauvinistic ] or communalism.<ref name = "SII"/>

== Literary influences ==
He wrote and published books in English and ]. He also translated ]'s '']'', three Dialogues of ], Denis Kincaid's book "The Great Rebel" about ] and other books into ].

Goel read many works in Western and Eastern literature, and among his most favorite writers or works were ], ]'s ], ], ], ], ], ], ] and ] poets, the ] written by ] (Sri M.) and ]'s poem "Elegy".<ref>Goel: How I became a Hindu</ref> His most favorite book was the ], which he read in the original language.<ref>Goel: How I became a Hindu, ch.1, 8</ref>

Sita Ram Goel was strongly influenced by Indian writer and philosopher ]. He said that his masters have been "], ] and ], as elucidated by Ram Swarup".<ref name = "Interview">Interview in The Observer, February 22, 1997 </ref> He was also influenced by ], ] and ].<ref>Goel: How I became a Hindu</ref>

== Banned books ==
=== ''Understanding Islam through Hadis'' ===

In 1983 Goel reprinted Ram Swarup's "]" which sold out fast. (It was first published in 1982 in the USA.) The book was a summary of the ] Hadith, and consisted of extracts from the Hadiths. In 1987 he again reprinted the book, and published a Hindi translation of the book. Some Muslims and the Jam`at i Islami weekly Radiance claimed that the book was offensive. Goel was subsequentially arrested by the police and bailed out after 18 hours in police custody.<ref>Freedom of expression - Secular Theocracy Versus Liberal Democracy (1998, edited by Sita Ram Goel) ISBN 81-85990-55-7</ref> He recounted the situation:

:Soon after we reached the Police Station, he shouted at me, "<ref>tû kaun hai? yeh kyâ kiyâ? bahut baDi riot hote hote ruki hai</ref> Who are you? What have you done? A big riot was about to break out." I told him that I was nobody, and did not understand the accusation. He barked, "<ref>musalmân ubal rahen haiN. unke gharoN kî chhatoN par behisâb îNt patthar rakkhâ hai, gharoN ke bhîtar golâ bârûd: wê jab châheN shahar meN âg lagâ sakte haiN</ref> The Muslims are at boiling point. They have heaps of bricks and stones piled up on the roofs of their houses, and firearms within. They can set the city on fire whenever they want. I asked him why the police had allowed them to collect and keep the arsenal. He snarled, "<ref>yeh bât to apne netâoN se pûcho, meN to ek garîb policeman huN, bacchon kâ pet pal rahâ huN</ref> Put this question to your leaders, I am only a poor policeman trying to feed my family. I kept quiet.<ref>Freedom of expression - Secular Theocracy Versus Liberal Democracy (1998, edited by Sita Ram Goel) ISBN 81-85990-55-7</ref>

In 1990 the Hindi translation of the book was banned. In March 1991 the English original was banned as well. The criminal case against Goel for printing the book was dismissed after some years on 5 May 1997, but the book still remains banned.<ref>Freedom of expression - Secular Theocracy Versus Liberal Democracy (1998, edited by Sita Ram Goel) ISBN 81-85990-55-7</ref>

Many Indian intellectuals have protested against the arrest of Goel.<ref>Freedom of expression - Secular Theocracy Versus Liberal Democracy (1998, edited by Sita Ram Goel) ISBN 81-85990-55-7</ref> ] commented on the criminal case:

:No one has ever refuted him on facts, but many have sought to smear him and his writing. They have thereby transmuted the work from mere scholarship into warning."<ref> Fomenting Reaction by Arun Shourie. 8 November, 1990. Freedom of expression - Secular Theocracy Versus Liberal Democracy (1998, edited by Sita Ram Goel) ISBN 81-85990-55-7</ref>

=== ''Hindu View of Christianity and Islam (1993)'' ===

In 1993 the MP Syed Shahabuddin, who in 1988 asked for the ban of ]<ref>Shahabuddin, Syed. “You did this with satanic forethought, Mr. Rushdie.” Times of India. 13 October 1988.</ref>, demanded a ban on Ram Swarup's book "]".<ref>In Syed Shahabuddin's letter to P.M. Sayeed, Minister of State in the Ministry of Home Affairs, 20th August 1993. Sita Ram Goel:The Calcutta Quran Petition., Chapter 1.</ref> Goel and Swarup went into hiding because they feared that they could get arrested. The court accepted a bail, and they could come out of hiding. <ref>S.R. Goel, ed.: Freedom of Expression, 1998</ref><ref>K. Elst: "Banning Hindu Revaluation", Observer of Business and Politics, 1-12-1993</ref> Indian intellectuals like ] and K. S. Lal protested against the ban.<ref>S.R. Goel, ed.: Freedom of Expression, 1998</ref><ref>K. Elst: "Banning Hindu Revaluation", Observer of Business and Politics, 1-12-1993</ref>

=== ''Colin Maine's "The Dead Hand of Islam"'' ===

In 1986 he reprinted Colin Maine's essay "The Dead Hand of Islam" . Some Muslims filed a criminal case against Goel, alleging that it violated Sections 153A and 295A of the Indian Penal Code and similar articles of the Indian Customs Act.

The judge discharged Goel and referred to the earlier court precedent "1983 CrLJ 1446". Speaking of the importance of that precedent, the judge in his discussion said: "If such a contention is accepted a day will come when that part of history which is unpalatable to a particular religion will have to be kept in cold storage on the pretext that the publication of such history would constitute an offence punishable under Sec. 153A of the Penal Code. The scope of S-153A cannot be enlarged to such an extent with a view to thwart history. (...) Otherwise, the position will be very precarious. A nation will have to forget its own history and in due course the nation will have no history at all. (...) If anybody intends to extinguish the history (by prohibiting its publication) of the nation on the pretext of taking action under the above sections, his act will have to be treated as malafide one."<ref>Freedom of expression - Secular Theocracy Versus Liberal Democracy (1998, edited by Sita Ram Goel) ISBN 81-85990-55-7</ref>

=== ''The Calcutta Quran Petition'' ===

Goel published the book ] with Chandmal Chopra in 1986 and on August 31, ] Chandmal Chopra was arrested by the police and kept in police custody until September 8 for publishing with Goel this book on the Calcutta Quran petition. Sita Ram Goel had to abscond to avoid getting arrested.<ref>Elst 1991</ref>

=== ''Hindu Temples - What Happened to Them'' ===

There were proposals in November 1990 in ] to ban Goel's book "]". <ref>Elst 1991 </ref>

==Legacy and criticism==
{{POV-section}}
Sita Ram Goel has often been described as an "intellectual kshatriya".<ref>e.g. in India’s only communalist: In commemoration of Sita Ram Goel; Edited by Koenraad Elst; Voice of India, New Delhi. (2005) </ref> Vedic scholar ] said about Goel that he was "modern India’s greatest intellectual kshatriya", and "one of India’s most important thinkers in the post-independence era". According to Frawley, "Sitaram followed a strong rationalistic point of view that did not compromise the truth even for politeness sake. His intellectual rigor is quite unparalleled in Hindu circles..."<ref>Frawley, David. How I became a Hindu </ref>

The Belgian writer ] met Sita Ram Goel in India and wrote about his work: "The importance of Ram Swarup's and Sita Ram Goel's work can hardly be over-estimated. I for one have no doubt that future textbooks on comparative religion as well as those on Indian political and intellectual history will devote crucial chapters to their analysis." According to Elst, Goel and Swarup gave a first-hand "]" reply to the versions of history and "]" imposed by the ] world-conquerors.<ref name = "KE2001">], "India's Only Communalist: an Introduction to the Work of Sita Ram Goel." In "Hinduism and Secularism: After Ayodhya", Arvind Sharma (ed.) Palgrave 2001</ref>

The Belgian scholar Callewaert commented on Goel's book "Jesus Christ: An Artifice for Aggression": ''It is a well written and well documented book, and without going into detail I can agree with many points you mention. I only take issue with the spirit in which it is written and the conclusions you draw. I worry about the aims you like to achieve, nourishing the feeling you have and that prompted you to write this book.'' <ref>S.R. Goel:History of Hindu-Christian Encounters, 1996</ref> Goel wrote a lenghty reply to Callewaert that is reproduced in his book "History of Hindu-Christian Encounters".

Catherine Cornille has claimed that Goel belongs to a movement that "seeks to return to the pure Vedic religion", which Goel has denied.<ref>Preface to Goel's "Catholic Ashrams". 1994.</ref>

== Partial Bibliography ==
<!-- sorted chronologically-->
*World Conquest in Instalments (1952);
*The China Debate: Whom Shall We Believe? (1953);
*Mind Murder in Mao-land (1953);
*China is Red with Peasants' Blood (1953);
*Red Brother or Yellow Slave? (1953);
*Communist Party of China: a Study in Treason (1953);
*Conquest of China by Mao Tse-tung (1954);
*Netaji and the CPI (1955);
*CPI Conspire for Civil War (1955).
*In Defense of Comrade Krishna Menon: (A Political Biography of Pandit Nehru) New Delhi: Bharati Sahitya Sadan, (1963).
*''Hindu Society under Siege'' (1981, revised 1992) ISBN 81-85990-67-0
*'']'' (1982; second revised edition 1994) ISBN 81-85990-23-9
*'']'' (1982, enlarged 1993) ISBN 81-85990-05-0
*'']'' (1983, revised 1987) ISBN 81-85990-24-7
*The Emerging National Vision (1983)
*''History of Heroic Hindu Resistance to Early Muslim Invaders'' (1984; 2001) ISBN 81-85990-18-2 (with a review of Ram Gopal's ])
*''Perversion of India's Political Parlance'' (1984) ISBN 81-85990-25-5
*Papacy, Its Doctrine and History (1986)
*'']'' by Chandmal Chopra and Sita Ram Goel (1986, enlarged 1987 and again 1999) ISBN 81-85990-58-1
*Sita Ram Goel, In Devendra Swarup, ed.: Politics of Conversion, DRI, Delhi 1986.
*'']'' (1987) ISBN 81-85990-26-3
*'']'', Adapting and Adopting Hindu Dharma, edited by S.R. Goel (1988, enlarged 1994 with new subtitle: Sannyasins or Swindlers?) ISBN 81-85990-15-8
*'']'' (1989, enlarged 1996) ISBN 81-85990-35-2
*'']'' (1990 vol.1 ISBN 81-85990-49-2; 1991 vol.2 ISBN 81-85990-03-4, enlarged 1993)
*Genesis and Growth of Nehruism (1993) (With a foreword by Philip Spratt, founder of the CPI)
*Preface to ] (1993)
*Jesus Christ: An Artifice for Aggression (1994)
*Time for Stock-Taking (1997), (critical of the RSS and BJP)
*Preface to the reprint of ]: Woman, Church and State (1997, ca. 1880), (feminist critique of Christianity)
*'']'' (edited by S.R. Goel, 1998), a reprint of the official report on the missionaries' methods of subversion and conversion (1955)
*'']'' (1998, edited by Sita Ram Goel) ISBN 81-85990-55-7


'''Prefaces, introductions or commentaries'''
=== Hindi ===
* Introduction to ]'s ''World Conquest in Instalments'', Calcutta: Society for Defence of Freedom in Asia, 1952, 56 p.
*Saikyularizm, Râshtradroha kâ Dûsrâ Nâm ("Secularism, another name for treason", 1985)
* Commentary of ]'s ''The conquest of China'', Calcutta: Society for Defence of Freedom in Asia, 1954, 276 p.
*Samyak Sambuddha
* Preface to Chandmal Chopra's '']'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1986, 71 p. <small>A third revised and enlarged edition would appear in 1999, with more writing by Goel, 325 p.</small>
* Preface to '']: Villain Or Hero? : an Anthology'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1993, 85 p.
* Preface to the reprint of ]'s ''Woman, Church and State'' (1997, ca. 1880). <small>A feminist critique of Christianity.</small>


=== Translations into Hindi === ===Hindi===
'''Author'''
* ''Pathabhṛshṭa'', 1960.
* ''Saikyularijma : deśadroha kā dūsrā nāma'', 1983.<small>Yashpal Sharma would translate it into English as ''India's secularism, new name for national subversion'', New Delhi: Voice of India, 1999, 107 p.</small>
* ''Udīyamāna raṣṭra-dṛṣṭi'', 1983.
* ''Hindū samāja : saṅkeṭoṃ ke ghere meṃ'', 1988.
* ''Saptaśīla'', 1999.


'''Translator'''
*Satyakama Socrates (Three dialogues of ] (], ] and ]))
* ''Satyakama Socrates'', three dialogues of ] : (], ] and ]))
*]: I Chose Freedom
* ]'s '']''
*]'s poem "Elegy..."
* ]'s poem ''Elegy.''
*]: Ramayaner Alochona
* ]'s ''Ramayaner Alochona''
*The God that Failed, a testimony on Communism by ], ] and others.
* ''], a testimony on Communism by ], ] and others.''
*Ram Swarup's Communism and Peasantry;
*]'s ]. * ]'s ''Communism and Peasantry''
* ]'s '']''
*] by ]. (Shaktiputra Shivaji) ISBN 8185990409
* ''Shaktiputra ]'', ]'s ''The Grand Rebel''
*]. ]. Panchjanya, summer 1994
* ''Panchjanya'', ]'s '']''


== Further reading == ==See also==
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]


==References==
*India’s only communalist: In commemoration of Sita Ram Goel; Edited by Koenraad Elst; Voice of India, New Delhi. (2005) ISBN 81-85990-78-6 (With contributions by ], ], ], ], ], ] and others.)
===Citations===
*Elst, Koenraad. India's Only Communalist: an Introduction to the Work of Sita Ram Goel. In "Hinduism and Secularism: After Ayodhya", Arvind Sharma (ed.) Palgrave 2001 ISBN 0-33 79406-0
{{reflist|2}}


== See also == ===Sources===
* {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131203553/http://koenraadelst.voiceofdharma.org/articles/hinduism/sitaramgoel.html |date=31 January 2016 }} Koenraad Elst
*]
* Elst, Koenraad, Ayodhya and After: Issues Before Hindu Society (1991)
*]
* Goel, S.R. Freedom of Expression (1998)
*]
*]
*]
*]
*]
{{HinduRevivalistWriters}}


== Notes == ==Further reading==
* India's only communalist: In commemoration of Sita Ram Goel; Edited by Koenraad Elst; Voice of India, New Delhi. (2005) {{ISBN|81-85990-78-6}} (With contributions by ], ], ], ], Vishal Agarwal, ] and others.)
* Elst, Koenraad. India's Only Communalist: an Introduction to the Work of Sita Ram Goel. In "Hinduism and Secularism: After Ayodhya", Arvind Sharma (ed.) Palgrave 2001 {{ISBN|978-0-333-79406-7}}


==External links==
<references/>
* {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110518182632/http://bharatvani.org/ |date=18 May 2011 }} by Koenraad Elst, Leuven (Belgium), 28 May 1999. ()
== References ==
* {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402133553/http://bharatvani.org/books.html |date=2 April 2012 }}
* Koenraad Elst
*Elst, Koenraad, Ayodhya and After: Issues Before Hindu Society (1991)
*Goel, S.R. Freedom of Expression (1998)
== External links ==
{{Wikiquote}}
* by Koenraad Elst, Leuven (Belgium), ] ]. ()
*,
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*


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Indian activist, writer and publisher (1921–2003)
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Sita Ram Goel
Sita Ram GoelSita Ram Goel
Born(1921-10-16)16 October 1921
Punjab Province, British India
Died3 December 2003(2003-12-03) (aged 82)
Occupation
  • Historian
  • Writer
  • publisher
Alma materUniversity of Delhi
PeriodLate 20th century
GenreHistory, Politics, Comparative Religion
SubjectHinduism, Dharmic traditions, Christianity, Islam, Communism, Indian politics, British Imperialism
Notable worksHow I Became a Hindu
The Story of Islamic Imperialism in India
History of Hindu–Christian Encounters, AD 304 to 1996
Catholic Ashrams
Hindu Temples: What Happened to Them

Sita Ram Goel (16 October 1921 – 3 December 2003) was an Indian scholar and historian. His work has been celebrated for challenging the prevailing secular, Nehruvian narrative in Indian intellectual and cultural discourse, but also criticized for its alignment with the Hindu right.

In his later career, Goel transitioned into a role as a commentator on Indian politics, aligning himself openly with Hindu nationalism, a stance that has generated significant debate and scrutiny among scholars and observers of Indian society and politics.

Life

Early life

Sita Ram Goel was born to a Hindu family in Punjab, in 1921; though his childhood was spent in Calcutta. The family looked upon Sri Garib Das, a nirguna saint comparable to Kabir and Nanak, as its patron saint and his verses, "Granth Saheb", were often recited at their home.

Goel graduated in history from the University of Delhi in 1944. As a student, he was a social activist and worked for a Harijan Ashram in his village. His sympathies for the Arya Samaj, the Harijans and the Indian freedom movement, along with his strong support for Mahatma Gandhi, brought him into conflict with many people in his village; Goel also learned to speak and write Sanskrit during his college days.

Works

Hindu View of Christianity and Islam (1993)

In 1993 the MP Syed Shahabuddin, who in 1988 asked for the ban on The Satanic Verses, demanded a ban on Ram Swarup's book Hindu View of Christianity and Islam. Goel and Swarup went into hiding because they feared that they could get arrested. The court accepted a bail and the authors came out of hiding. Arun Shourie and K. S. Lal protested against the ban.

Colin Maine's The Dead Hand of Islam

In 1986, Goel reprinted Colin Maine's essay The Dead Hand of Islam . Some Muslims filed a criminal case against Goel, alleging that it violated Sections 153A and 295A of the Indian Penal Code and similar articles of the Indian Customs Act.

The judge discharged Goel and referred to the earlier court precedent "1983 CrLJ 1446". Speaking of the importance of that precedent, the judge in his discussion said: "If such a contention is accepted a day will come when that part of history which is unpalatable to a particular religion will have to be kept in cold storage on the pretext that the publication of such history would constitute an offence punishable under Sec. 153A of the Penal Code. The scope of S-153A cannot be enlarged to such an extent with a view to thwart history. (...) Otherwise, the position will be very precarious. A nation will have to forget its own history and in due course the nation will have no history at all. (...) If anybody intends to extinguish the history (by prohibiting its publication) of the nation on the pretext of taking action under the above sections, his act will have to be treated as malafide one."

The Calcutta Quran Petition

Goel published The Calcutta Quran Petition with Chandmal Chopra in 1986. On 31 August 1987, Chopra was arrested by the police and kept in custody until 8 September for publishing the book with Goel. Goel absconded to avoid arrest.

Hindu Temples – What Happened to Them

There were proposals in November 1990 in Uttar Pradesh to ban Goel's book Hindu Temples - What Happened to Them.

Legacy

Sita Ram Goel has been described by Koenraad Elst as an "intellectual kshatriya". David Frawley said about Goel that he was "modern India's greatest intellectual kshatriya", and "one of India's most important thinkers in the post-independence era". According to Frawley, "Sitaram followed a strong rationalistic point of view that did not compromise the truth even for politeness sake. His intellectual rigor is quite unparalleled in Hindu circles..."

Books and booklets

English

Author

  • The China debate; whom shall we believe?, Calcutta: Society for Defence of Freedom in Asia, 1953, 50 p.
  • Mind Murder in Mao-land, Calcutta: Society for Defence of Freedom in Asia, 1953, 53 p.
  • Communist Party in China: a study in treason., Calcutta: Society for Defence of Freedom in Asia, 1953, 106 p.
  • China is red with peasants' blood, Calcutta: Society for Defence of Freedom in Asia, 1953, 92 p.
  • CPI conspires for civil-war: analysis of a secret document, Calcutta: Society for Defence of Freedom in Asia, 1953, 56 p.
  • Red brother or yellow slave ?, Calcutta: Society for Defence of Freedom in Asia, 1953, 82 p.
  • Nehru's fatal friendship, New Delhi: Society for Defence of Freedom in Asia, 1955, 29 p.
  • Netaji and the CPI, Calcutta: Society for Defence of Freedom in Asia, 1955, 72 p.
  • In defence of Comrade Krishna Menon : a political biography of Pandit Nehru, New Delhi: Bharati Sahitya Sadan, 1963, 272 p. A reprint with changes would appear in 1993 as the Volume I of Genesis and growth of Nehruism.
  • Hindu society under siege, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1981, 48 p. A revised edition released in 1994.
  • How I Became a Hindu, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1982, 67 p. A third enlarged edition would appear in 1993, 106 p.
  • The Story of Islamic Imperialism in India, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1982, 126 p. A second enlarged edition would appear in 1994, 138 p.
  • Defence of Hindu Society, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1983, 96 p. A second edition would appear in 1987 and a third enlarged one in 1994, 118 p.
  • Muslim separatism : causes and consequences, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1983, 123 p. A second revised edition will appear in 1995, 128 p.
  • Perversion of India's political parlance, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1984, 60 p.
  • History of heroic Hindu resistance to Muslim invaders, 636 AD to 1206 AD, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1984, 48 p. Another edition would be released in 1994, 58 p.
  • The emerging national vision, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1984, 15 p.
  • St. Francis Xavier : the man and his mission, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1985, 16 p.
  • Papacy, its doctrines and history, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1986, 118 p.
  • Catholic Ashrams: adopting and adapting Hindu dharma, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1988, 100 p.
  • History of Hindu–Christian Encounters, AD 304 to 1996, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1989, 405 p. A second revised and enlarged edition would appear in 1996, 530 p.
  • Hindus and Hinduism : Manipulation of meanings, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1993, 24 p.
  • Islam vis-a-vis Hindu temples, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1993, 66 p.
  • Genesis and growth of Nehruism. vol. 1, Commitment to Communism, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1993, 231 p. Reprint with changes of the 1963 book In defence of Comrade Krishna Menon.
  • Stalinist "historians" spread the big lie, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1993, 38 p.
  • Jesus Christ : an artifice for aggression, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1994, 114 p.

Editor

  • Hindu temples, what happened to them : Vol. I, A preliminary survey, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1990, 191 p. With Arun Shourie et al. Volume II would be released in 1993, 440 p.
  • Freedom of expression : secular theocracy versus liberal democracy, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1998, 179 p. Mostly articles.
  • Time for stock taking, whither Sangh Parivar?, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1997, 468 p. Criticisms of the BJP and RSS, including their responses.
  • Vindicated by Time: the Niyogi Committee report on Christian missionary activities, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1998, 1006 p. A reprint, with an introduction by Goel, of the official report on the missionaries' methods of subversion and conversion, from 1956.

Prefaces, introductions or commentaries

  • Introduction to Joseph Stalin's World Conquest in Instalments, Calcutta: Society for Defence of Freedom in Asia, 1952, 56 p.
  • Commentary of Mao Zedong's The conquest of China, Calcutta: Society for Defence of Freedom in Asia, 1954, 276 p.
  • Preface to Chandmal Chopra's The Calcutta Quran Petition, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1986, 71 p. A third revised and enlarged edition would appear in 1999, with more writing by Goel, 325 p.
  • Preface to Tipu Sultan: Villain Or Hero? : an Anthology, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1993, 85 p.
  • Preface to the reprint of Mathilda Joslyn Gage's Woman, Church and State (1997, ca. 1880). A feminist critique of Christianity.

Hindi

Author

  • Pathabhṛshṭa, 1960.
  • Saikyularijma : deśadroha kā dūsrā nāma, 1983.Yashpal Sharma would translate it into English as India's secularism, new name for national subversion, New Delhi: Voice of India, 1999, 107 p.
  • Udīyamāna raṣṭra-dṛṣṭi, 1983.
  • Hindū samāja : saṅkeṭoṃ ke ghere meṃ, 1988.
  • Saptaśīla, 1999.

Translator

See also

References

Citations

  1. "Sita Ram Goel: The man who exposed Nehruvian fallacies and won our hearts with his mind". Firstpost. 16 October 2021. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
  2. "For the RSS, Denouncing and Appropriating Ambedkar Go Hand in Hand". The Wire. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
  3. Davis, Richard H. (2008). "Tolerance and Hierarchy: Accommodating Multiple Religious Paths in Hinduism". In Neusner, Jacob; Chilton, Bruce (eds.). Religious Tolerance in World Religions (2nd ed.). Templeton Foundation Press. pp. 361–362. ISBN 978-1-59947-136-5. Retrieved 23 January 2012.
  4. Schmalz, Mathew N. (2006). "The Indian Church: Catholicism and Indian Nationhood". In Manuel, Paul Christopher; Reardon, Lawrence Christopher; Wilcox, Clyde (eds.). The Catholic Church and the nation-state: comparative perspectives. Georgetown University Press. p. 217. ISBN 978-1-58901-115-1. Retrieved 23 January 2012.
  5. This is a separate collection of hymns by Garibdas and a few other Bhakti saints. Not to be confused with holy-book of The Sikhs
  6. Goel, Sita Ram, "How I became a Hindu" Archived 30 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Chapter 1
  7. Goel, Sita Ram, "How I became a Hindu", Chapter 2
  8. Goel, Sita Ram, "How I became a Hindu", Chapter 3
  9. Shahabuddin, Syed. "You did this with satanic forethought, Mr. Rushdie." Times of India. 13 October 1988.
  10. In Syed Shahabuddin's letter to P.M. Sayeed, Minister of State in the Ministry of Home Affairs on 20 August 1993. Sita Ram Goel:The Calcutta Quran Petition., Chapter 1.
  11. ^ S.R. Goel, ed.: Freedom of Expression, 1998
  12. ^ K. Elst: "Banning Hindu Revaluation", Observer of Business and Politics, 1 December 1993
  13. Freedom of expression – Secular Theocracy Versus Liberal Democracy (1998, edited by Sita Ram Goel) ISBN 81-85990-55-7
  14. Elst, 1991.
  15. "Elst 1991". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007.
  16. e.g. in India's only communalist: In commemoration of Sita Ram Goel; Edited by Koenraad Elst; Voice of India, New Delhi. (2005)
  17. "David Frawley Books - How I Became A Hindu My Discover Of Vedic Dharma - Journalistic Work (Page8)". hindubooks.org.
  18. "Hindu Society Under Siege".
  19. "How I Became Hindu".

Sources

Further reading

External links

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