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Revision as of 15:10, 12 July 2023 editGolbez (talk | contribs)Administrators66,916 edits →Governors of Vermont← Previous edit Revision as of 15:10, 12 July 2023 edit undoGolbez (talk | contribs)Administrators66,916 edits →Vermont RepublicNext edit →
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!rowspan="11" scope="row"|1 !rowspan="11" scope="row"|1
|rowspan="11" data-sort-value="Chittenden, Thomas"|] |rowspan="11" data-sort-value="Chittenden, Thomas"|]
|rowspan="11"|''']'''<br>{{Small|(1730–1797)}}<br><ref name="sobel-chittenden">Sobel p. 1561</ref><ref name="nga-chittenden">{{cite web | title=Thomas Chittenden | url=https://www.nga.org/governor/thomas-chittenden/ | publisher=] | access-date=July 11, 2023}}</ref> |rowspan="11"|''']'''<br>{{Small|(1730–1797)}}<br><ref name="sobel-chittenden-thomas">Sobel p. 1561</ref><ref name="nga-chittenden-thomas">{{cite web | title=Thomas Chittenden | url=https://www.nga.org/governor/thomas-chittenden/ | publisher=] | access-date=July 11, 2023}}</ref>
|rowspan="11"|{{dts|March 13, 1778}}<ref>{{Cite book |author=State of Vermont |url=http://archive.org/details/bub_gb_1VgSAAAAYAAJ/page/243 |title=Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont | volume=I | date=1873 |publisher=Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland | page=243}}</ref><br />–<br />October 13, 1789<br>{{small|(lost election)}} |rowspan="11"|{{dts|March 13, 1778}}<ref>{{Cite book |author=State of Vermont |url=http://archive.org/details/bub_gb_1VgSAAAAYAAJ/page/243 |title=Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont | volume=I | date=1873 |publisher=Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland | page=243}}</ref><br />–<br />October 13, 1789<br>{{small|(lost election)}}
|rowspan="11"|No party |rowspan="11"|No party
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!scope="row"|3 !scope="row"|3
|data-sort-value="Chittenden, Thomas"|] |data-sort-value="Chittenden, Thomas"|]
|''']'''<br>{{Small|(1730–1797)}}<br><ref name="sobel-chittenden" /><ref name="nga-chittenden" /> |''']'''<br>{{Small|(1730–1797)}}<br><ref name="sobel-chittenden-thomas" /><ref name="nga-chittenden-thomas" />
|{{dts|October 20, 1790}}<ref>{{Cite book |author=State of Vermont |url=https://archive.org/details/recordsofgoverno03verm/page/188 |title=Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont | volume=III | date=1873 |publisher=Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland | page=211}}</ref><br />–<br />March 4, 1791<br>{{small|(became state governor)}} |{{dts|October 20, 1790}}<ref>{{Cite book |author=State of Vermont |url=https://archive.org/details/recordsofgoverno03verm/page/188 |title=Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont | volume=III | date=1873 |publisher=Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland | page=211}}</ref><br />–<br />March 4, 1791<br>{{small|(became state governor)}}
|No party |No party

Revision as of 15:10, 12 July 2023

Elections in Vermont
Federal government
Presidential elections
Presidential primaries
Democratic
2000
2004
2008
2012
2016
2020
2024
Republican
2008
2012
2016
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2024
U.S. Senate elections
U.S. House elections
State government
General elections
Gubernatorial elections
Lieutenant gubernatorial elections
Attorney General elections
Senate elections
House of Representatives elections
Ballot measures
2022
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Burlington
Mayoral elections

The governor of Vermont is the head of government of the U.S. state of Vermont. Since 1994, Vermont is one of only two U.S. states (New Hampshire being the other) that elects governors for two-year terms. Until 1870, Vermont elected its governors for one-year terms. Isaac Tichenor, Jonas Galusha, Erastus Fairbanks, and Richard A. Snelling each served non-consecutive terms, while Thomas Chittenden served non consecutive terms as Governor of the Vermont Republic.

Mountain Rule

From the founding of the Republican Party in the 1850s until the 1960s, only Republicans won general elections for Vermont's statewide offices. One method that made this possible was the Republican Party's imposition of the "Mountain Rule," an informal mechanism which restricted the pool of candidates.

Under the provisions of the Mountain Rule, one U.S. senator was a resident of the east side of the Green Mountains and one resided on the west side, and the governorship and lieutenant governorship alternated between residents of the east and west side. Nominees for governor and lieutenant governor were originally allowed two one-year terms, and later one two-year term. For nearly 100 years, likely Republican candidates for office in Vermont agreed to abide by the Mountain Rule in the interests of party unity. Several factors led to the eventual weakening of the Mountain Rule, including the long time political dispute between the Proctor (conservative) and Aiken–Gibson (liberal) wings of the party; primaries rather than conventions to select nominees; the direct election of U.S. Senators; and several active third parties, including the Progressives, the Prohibition Party, and the Local Option movement. In the 1960s, the rise of the Vermont Democratic Party and the construction of Interstate 89 also contributed to the end of the Mountain Rule. Though I-89 is a north-south route, it traverses Vermont from southeast to northwest for the majority of its length within the state and changed the way residents view how it is divided.

Governors

Vermont Republic

The Vermont Republic declared independence from Great Britain on January 15, 1777.

Governors of the Republic of Vermont
No. Governor Term in office Party Election Lt. Governor
1 Thomas Chittenden
(1730–1797)
 March 13, 1778
–
October 13, 1789
(lost election) 		No party 1778 Joseph Marsh
1779 Benjamin Carpenter
1780
1781 Elisha Payne
1782 Paul Spooner
1783
1784
1785
1786 Joseph Marsh
1787
1788
2 Moses Robinson
(1741–1813)
 October 13, 1789
–
October 20, 1790
(lost election) 		No party 1789
3 Thomas Chittenden
(1730–1797)
 October 20, 1790
–
March 4, 1791
(became state governor) 		No party 1790 Peter Olcott

Governors of Vermont

Governors of the State of Vermont
No. Governor Term in office Party Election Lt. Governor
1   Thomas Chittenden
(1730–1797)
 March 5, 1791 August 25, 1797 Jonathan Hunt Independent West
Paul Brigham
2 Paul Brigham
(1746–1824)
 August 25, 1797 October 16, 1797 Democratic-Republican East
3 Isaac Tichenor
(1754–1838)
 October 16, 1797 October 9, 1807 Federalist West
4 Israel Smith
(1759–1810)
 October 9, 1807 October 14, 1808 Democratic-Republican West
5 Isaac Tichenor
(1754–1838)
 October 14, 1808 October 14, 1809 Federalist West
6 Jonas Galusha
(1753–1834)
 October 14, 1809 October 23, 1813 Democratic-Republican West
7 Martin Chittenden
(1763–1840)
 October 23, 1813 October 14, 1815 William Chamberlain Federalist West
8 Jonas Galusha
(1753–1834)
 October 14, 1815 October 23, 1820 Paul Brigham Democratic-Republican West
9 Richard Skinner
(1778–1833)
 October 23, 1820 October 10, 1823 William Cahoon Democratic-Republican West
Aaron Leland
10 Cornelius P. Van Ness
(1782–1852)
 October 10, 1823 October 13, 1826 Democratic-Republican West
11 Ezra Butler
(1763–1838)
 October 13, 1826 October 10, 1828 National Republican East
Henry Olin
12 Samuel C. Crafts
(1768–1853)
 October 10, 1828 October 18, 1831 Mark Richards National Republican East
13 William A. Palmer
(1781–1860)
 October 18, 1831 November 2, 1835 Lebbeus Egerton Anti-Masonic East
Silas H. Jennison (Whig)
14 Silas H. Jennison
(1791–1849)
 November 2, 1835 October 15, 1841 vacant Whig West
David M. Camp
15 Charles Paine
(1799–1853)
 October 15, 1841 October 13, 1843 Waitstill R. Ranney Whig East
16 John Mattocks
(1777–1847)
 October 13, 1843 October 11, 1844 Horace Eaton Whig East
17 William Slade
(1786–1859)
 October 11, 1844 October 9, 1846 Whig West
18 Horace Eaton
(1804–1855)
 October 9, 1846 October 1, 1848 Leonard Sargeant Whig East
19 Carlos Coolidge
(1792–1866)
 October 1, 1848 October 11, 1850 Robert Pierpoint Whig East
20 Charles K. Williams
(1782–1853)
 October 11, 1850 October 1, 1852 Julius Converse Whig West
21 Erastus Fairbanks
(1792–1864)
 October 1, 1852 October 1, 1853 William C. Kittredge Whig East
22 John S. Robinson
(1804–1860)
 October 1, 1853 October 13, 1854 Jefferson P. Kidder Democratic West
23 Stephen Royce
(1787–1868)
 October 13, 1854 October 10, 1856 Ryland Fletcher Whig (1st term) West
Republican (2nd term)
24 Ryland Fletcher
(1799–1885)
 October 10, 1856 October 10, 1858 James M. Slade Republican East
25 Hiland Hall
(1795–1885)
 October 10, 1858 October 12, 1860 Burnham Martin Republican West
26 Erastus Fairbanks
(1792–1864)
 October 12, 1860 October 11, 1861 Levi Underwood Republican East
27 Frederick Holbrook
(1813–1909)
 October 11, 1861 October 9, 1863 Republican East
Paul Dillingham
28 J. Gregory Smith
(1818–1891)
 October 9, 1863 October 13, 1865 Republican West
29 Paul Dillingham
(1799–1891)
 October 13, 1865 October 13, 1867 Abraham B. Gardner Republican East
30 John B. Page
(1826–1885)
 October 13, 1867 October 15, 1869 Stephen Thomas Republican West
31 Peter T. Washburn
(1814–1870)
 October 15, 1869 February 7, 1870 George W. Hendee Republican East
32 George Whitman Hendee
(1832–1906)
 February 7, 1870 October 6, 1870 George N. Dale Republican West
33 John Wolcott Stewart
(1825–1915)
 October 6, 1870 October 3, 1872 Republican West
34 Julius Converse
(1798–1885)
 October 3, 1872 October 8, 1874 Russell S. Taft Republican East
35 Asahel Peck
(1803–1879)
 October 8, 1874 October 5, 1876 Lyman G. Hinckley Republican West
36 Horace Fairbanks
(1820–1888)
 October 5, 1876 October 3, 1878 Redfield Proctor Republican East
37 Redfield Proctor
(1831–1908)
 October 3, 1878 October 7, 1880 Eben Pomeroy Colton Republican West
38 Roswell Farnham
(1827–1903)
 October 7, 1880 October 5, 1882 John L. Barstow Republican East
39 John L. Barstow
(1832–1913)
 October 5, 1882 October 2, 1884 Samuel E. Pingree Republican West
40 Samuel E. Pingree
(1832–1922)
 October 2, 1884 October 7, 1886 Ebenezer J. Ormsbee Republican East
41 Ebenezer J. Ormsbee
(1834–1924)
 October 7, 1886 October 4, 1888 Levi K. Fuller Republican West
42 William P. Dillingham
(1843–1923)
 October 4, 1888 October 2, 1890 Urban A. Woodbury Republican East
43 Carroll S. Page
(1843–1925)
 October 2, 1890 October 6, 1892 Henry A. Fletcher Republican West
44 Levi K. Fuller
(1841–1896)
 October 6, 1892 October 4, 1894 F. Stewart Stranahan Republican East
45 Urban A. Woodbury
(1838–1915)
 October 4, 1894 October 8, 1896 Zophar M. Mansur Republican West
46 Josiah Grout
(1841–1925)
 October 8, 1896 October 6, 1898 Nelson W. Fisk Republican East
47 Edward Curtis Smith
(1854–1935)
 October 6, 1898 October 4, 1900 Henry C. Bates Republican West
48 William W. Stickney
(1853–1932)
 October 4, 1900 October 3, 1902 Martin F. Allen Republican East
49 John G. McCullough
(1835–1915)
 October 3, 1902 October 6, 1904 Zed S. Stanton Republican West
50 Charles J. Bell
(1845–1909)
 October 6, 1904 October 4, 1906 Charles H. Stearns Republican East
51 Fletcher D. Proctor
(1860–1911)
 October 4, 1906 October 8, 1908 George H. Prouty Republican West
52 George H. Prouty
(1862–1918)
 October 8, 1908 October 5, 1910 John A. Mead Republican East
53 John A. Mead
(1841–1920)
 October 5, 1910 October 3, 1912 Leighton P. Slack Republican West
54 Allen M. Fletcher
(1853–1922)
 October 3, 1912 January 7, 1915 Frank E. Howe Republican East
55 Charles W. Gates
(1856–1927)
 January 7, 1915 January 4, 1917 Hale K. Darling Republican West
56 Horace F. Graham
(1862–1941)
 January 4, 1917 January 9, 1919 Roger W. Hulburd Republican East
57 Percival W. Clement
(1846–1927)
 January 9, 1919 January 6, 1921 Mason S. Stone Republican West
58 James Hartness
(1861–1934)
 January 6, 1921 January 4, 1923 Abram W. Foote Republican East
59 Redfield Proctor Jr.
(1879–1957)
 January 4, 1923 January 8, 1925 Franklin S. Billings Republican West
60 Franklin S. Billings
(1862–1935)
 January 8, 1925 January 6, 1927 Walter K. Farnsworth Republican East
61 John E. Weeks
(1853–1949)
 January 6, 1927 January 8, 1931 Hollister Jackson
Stanley C. Wilson 		Republican West
62 Stanley C. Wilson
(1879–1967)
 January 8, 1931 January 10, 1935 Benjamin Williams
Charles Manley Smith 		Republican East
63 Charles Manley Smith
(1868–1937)
 January 10, 1935 January 7, 1937 George D. Aiken Republican West
64 George Aiken
(1892–1984)
 January 7, 1937 January 9, 1941 William H. Wills Republican East
65 William Henry Wills
(1882–1946)
 January 9, 1941 January 4, 1945 Mortimer R. Proctor Republican West
66 Mortimer R. Proctor
(1889–1968)
 January 4, 1945 January 9, 1947 Lee E. Emerson Republican West
67 Ernest W. Gibson Jr.
(1901–1969)
 January 9, 1947 January 16, 1950 Republican East
Harold J. Arthur
68 Harold J. Arthur
(1904–1971)
 January 16, 1950 January 4, 1951 vacant Republican West
69 Lee E. Emerson
(1898–1976)
 January 4, 1951 January 6, 1955 Joseph B. Johnson Republican East
70 Joseph B. Johnson
(1893–1986)
 January 6, 1955 January 8, 1959 Consuelo N. Bailey
Robert T. Stafford 		Republican East
71 Robert Stafford
(1913–2006)
 January 8, 1959 January 5, 1961 Robert S. Babcock Republican West
72 F. Ray Keyser Jr.
(1927–2015)
 January 5, 1961 January 10, 1963 Ralph A. Foote (Republican) Republican East
73 Philip H. Hoff
(1924–2018)
 January 10, 1963 January 9, 1969 Democratic West
John J. Daley (Democratic)
74 Deane C. Davis
(1900–1990)
 January 9, 1969 January 4, 1973 John S. Burgess (Republican) Republican East
75 Thomas P. Salmon
(b. 1932)
 January 4, 1973 January 6, 1977 Brian D. Burns (Democratic) Democratic East
76 Richard A. Snelling
(1927–1991)
 January 6, 1977 January 10, 1985 T. Garry Buckley (Republican) Republican West
Madeleine Kunin (Democratic)
Peter P. Smith (Republican)
77 Madeleine Kunin
(b. 1933)
 January 10, 1985 January 10, 1991 Democratic West
Howard Dean (Democratic)
78 Richard A. Snelling
(1927–1991)
 January 10, 1991 August 13, 1991 Republican West
79 Howard Dean
(b. 1948)
 August 13, 1991 January 9, 2003 vacant Democratic West
Barbara W. Snelling (Republican)
Douglas Racine (Democratic)
80 Jim Douglas
(b. 1951)
 January 9, 2003 January 6, 2011 Brian Dubie (Republican) Republican West
81 Peter Shumlin
(b. 1956)
 January 6, 2011 January 5, 2017 Phil Scott (Republican) Democratic East
82 Phil Scott
(b. 1958)
 January 5, 2017 Incumbent David Zuckerman (Progressive/Democratic) Republican East
Molly Gray (Democratic)
David Zuckerman (Progressive/Democratic)

See also

Notes

  1. Lieutenant governors represented the same party as their governor unless noted.

References

General
Specific
  1. Berg-Andersson, Richard E. (May 23, 2021). "Length of Terms of Office of State Governors Throughout American History". The Green Papers. Richard E. Berg-Andersson. Retrieved January 5, 2023.
  2. pdf Archived 2016-01-12 at the Wayback Machine
  3. Vermont State Archives & Records Administration (2017). "State Officers: Executive Branch; Governors". SOS.Vermont.Gov. Montpelier, VT: Vermont Secretary of State. Retrieved January 5, 2023.
  4. The Direct Primary, sos.vermont.gov
  5. Newspaper article, The Mountain Rule in Vermont, New York Times, February 12, 1895
  6. Magazine article, Mountain Rule Revisited, by Samuel B. Hand, Vermont History Magazine, published by Vermont Historical Society, Summer/Fall 2003, pages 139 to 151
  7. ^ Sobel p. 1561
  8. ^ "Thomas Chittenden". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 11, 2023.
  9. State of Vermont (1873). Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont. Vol. I. Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland. p. 243.
  10. ^ "Moses Robinson". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 11, 2023. Cite error: The named reference "nga-robinson" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  11. State of Vermont (1873). Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont. Vol. III. Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland. p. 189.
  12. State of Vermont (1873). Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont. Vol. III. Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland. p. 211.
  13. Sobel p. 1562
  14. "Paul Brigham". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  15. ^ Sobel pp. 1562–1563
  16. ^ "Isaac Tichenor". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  17. Sobel pp. 1563–1564
  18. "Israel Smith". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  19. ^ Sobel pp. 1564–1565
  20. ^ "Jonas Galusha". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  21. Sobel pp. 1565–1566
  22. "Martin Chittenden". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  23. Sobel p. 1566
  24. "Richard Skinner". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  25. Sobel p. 1567
  26. "Cornelius P. Van Ness". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  27. Sobel pp. 1567–1568
  28. "Ezra Butler". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  29. Sobel pp. 1568–1569
  30. "Samuel C. Crafts". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  31. Sobel pp. 1569–1570
  32. "William A. Palmer". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  33. Sobel pp. 1570–1571
  34. "Silas H. Jension". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  35. Sobel p. 1571
  36. "Charles Paine". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  37. Sobel p. 1572
  38. "John Mattocks". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  39. Sobel pp. 1572–1573
  40. "William Slade". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  41. Sobel pp. 1573–1574
  42. "Horace Eaton". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  43. Sobel pp. 1574–1575
  44. "Carlos Coolidge". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  45. Sobel pp. 1575–1576
  46. "Charles Kilborn Williams". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  47. ^ Sobel pp. 1576–1577
  48. ^ "Erastus Fairbanks". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  49. Sobel p. 1577
  50. Sobel pp. 1577–1578
  51. "Stephen Royce". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  52. Sobel pp. 1578–1579
  53. "Ryland Fletcher". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  54. Sobel pp. 1579–1580
  55. "Hiland Hall". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  56. Sobel p. 1580
  57. "Frederick Holbrook". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  58. Sobel p. 1581
  59. "John Gregory Smith". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  60. Sobel pp. 1581–1582
  61. "Paul Dillingham". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  62. Sobel pp. 1582–1583
  63. "John B. Page". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  64. Sobel p. 1583
  65. "Peter T. Washburn". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  66. Sobel p. 1584
  67. "George Whitman Hendee". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  68. Sobel pp. 1584–1585
  69. "John Wolcott Stewart". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  70. Sobel p. 1585
  71. "Julius Converse". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  72. Sobel p. 1586
  73. "Asahel Peck". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  74. Sobel pp. 1586–1587
  75. "Horace Fairbanks". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  76. Sobel pp. 1587–1588
  77. "Redfield Proctor Sr". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  78. Sobel pp. 1588–1589
  79. "Roswell Farnham". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  80. Sobel pp. 1589–1590
  81. "John Lester Barstow". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  82. Sobel pp. 1590–1591
  83. "Samuel E. Pingree". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  84. Sobel p. 1591
  85. "Ebenezer Jolls Ormsbee". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  86. Sobel p. 1592
  87. "William Paul Dillingham". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  88. Sobel pp. 1592–1593
  89. "Carroll Smalley Page". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  90. Sobel pp. 1593–1594
  91. "Levi Knight Fuller". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  92. Sobel p. 1594
  93. "Urban Andrain Woodbury". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  94. Sobel p. 1595
  95. "Josiah Grout". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  96. Sobel pp. 1595–1596
  97. "Edward Curtis Smith". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  98. Sobel pp. 1596–1597
  99. "William W. Stickney". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  100. Sobel p. 1597
  101. "John Griffith McCullough". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  102. Sobel p. 1598
  103. "Charles James Bell". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  104. Sobel pp. 1598–1599
  105. "Fletcher Dutton Proctor". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  106. Sobel pp. 1599–1600
  107. "George Prouty". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  108. Sobel pp. 1600–1601
  109. "John Abner Mead". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  110. Sobel p. 1601
  111. "Allen M. Fletcher". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  112. Sobel p. 1602
  113. "Charles W. Gates". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  114. Sobel pp. 1602–1603
  115. "Horace French Graham". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  116. Sobel pp. 1603–1604
  117. "Percival W. Clement". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  118. Sobel pp. 1604–1605
  119. "James Hartness". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  120. Sobel pp. 1605–1606
  121. "Redfield Proctor Jr". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  122. Sobel p. 1606
  123. "Franklin Swift Billings". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  124. Sobel pp. 1606–1607
  125. "John Eliakim Weeks". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  126. Sobel pp. 1607–1608
  127. "Stanley Calef Wilson". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  128. Sobel pp. 1608–1609
  129. "Charles Manley Smith". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  130. Sobel p. 1609
  131. "George D. Aiken". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  132. Sobel p. 1610
  133. "William H. Wills". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  134. Sobel pp. 1610–1611
  135. "Mortimer R. Proctor". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  136. Sobel pp. 1611–1612
  137. "Ernest William Gibson". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  138. Sobel pp. 1612–1613
  139. "Harold John Arthur". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  140. Sobel p. 1613
  141. "Lee Emerson". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  142. Sobel p. 1614
  143. "Joseph Blaine Johnson". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  144. Sobel pp. 1614–1615
  145. "Robert T. Stafford". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  146. Sobel pp. 1615–1616
  147. "F. Ray Keyser". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  148. Sobel p. 1616
  149. "Philip Henderson Hoff". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  150. Sobel p. 1617
  151. "Deane C. Davis". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  152. Sobel pp. 1617–1618
  153. "Thomas P. Salmon". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  154. Sobel pp. 1618–1619
  155. ^ "Richard A. Snelling". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  156. "Madeleine M. Kunin". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  157. "Howard Dean". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  158. "Jim Douglas". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  159. "Peter Shumlin". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  160. "Phil Scott". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  161. Scott's fourth term began on January 5, 2023.
Chief executives of the United States
Federal
State governors
(current list)
Territorial
(current list)
Defunct
Governors of Vermont
Vermont Republic
(1777–1791)
State of Vermont
(since 1791)
Italics indicate acting governor
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Montpelier (capital)
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Vermont Governors