Misplaced Pages

Latest revision as of 02:13, 11 November 2024

Elections in Vermont
Federal government Presidential elections 1792 1796 1800 1804 1808 1812 1816 1820 1824 1828 1832 1836 1840 1844 1848 1852 1856 1860 1864 1868 1872 1876 1880 1884 1888 1892 1896 1900 1904 1908 1912 1916 1920 1924 1928 1932 1936 1940 1944 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 2024 Presidential primaries Democratic 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 2024 Republican 2008 2012 2016 2020 2024 U.S. Senate elections 1791 1794 1796 1796 sp 1797 sp 1800 1801 sp 1802 1806 1807 sp 1808 1809 1812 1814 1817 sp 1818 1818 sp 1821 1825 1827 1831 1833 1833 sp 1837 1839 1842 sp 1843 1845 1848 1850 1854 sp 1855 1856 1861 1862 1866 1866 sp 1868 1872 1874 1878 1880 1884 1886 1890 1892 1892 sp 1896 1898 1900 sp 1902 1904 1908 1908 sp 1909 sp 1910 1914 1916 1920 1922 1923 sp 1926 1928 1931 sp 1932 1934 1934 sp 1938 1940 1940 sp 1944 1946 1946 sp 1950 1952 1956 1958 1962 1964 1968 1970 1972 sp 1974 1976 1980 1982 1986 1988 1992 1994 1998 2000 2004 2006 2010 2012 2016 2018 2022 2024 2028 U.S. House elections 1791 1793 1794/95 1796/97 1797 2nd sp 1798 1800 1802/03 1804/05 1806 1808 1st sp 1810 1812 1814 1816 1818 1820/21 1822 1824 AL sp 1826/27 1828/29 1830/32 1831 2nd sp 1832 1st sp 1833 1834 5th sp 1836 1838 1840 1843 1844 1846 1848 1849 3rd sp 1850 1852 1854 1856 1858 1860 1863 1864 1866 1868 1870 1872 1874 1876 1878 1880 1882 1884 1886 1888 1890 1892 1894 1896 1898 1900 1902 1904 1906 1908 1910 1912 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1923 2nd sp 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 1934 AL sp 1936 1938 1940 1942 1944 1946 1948 1950 1952 1954 1956 1958 1960 1962 1964 1966 1968 1970 1972 AL sp 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
State government General elections 2002 2004 2006 2008 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 Gubernatorial elections 1778 1779 1780 1781 1782 1783 1784 1785 1786 1787 1788 1789 1790 1791 1792 1793 1794 1795 1796 1797 1798 1799 1800 1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1872 1874 1876 1878 1880 1882 1884 1886 1888 1890 1892 1894 1896 1898 1900 1902 1904 1906 1908 1910 1912 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 1934 1936 1938 1940 1942 1944 1946 1948 1950 1952 1954 1956 1958 1960 1962 1964 1966 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 Lieutenant gubernatorial elections 2022 2024 Attorney General elections 2022 2024 Senate elections 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 House of Representatives elections 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
Ballot measures 2022 Proposal 2 Proposal 5
Burlington Mayoral elections 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2006 2009 2012 2015 2018 2021 2024
v t e

The governor of Vermont is the head of government of the U.S. state of Vermont. Since 1994, Vermont is one of only two U.S. states (New Hampshire being the other) that elects governors for two-year terms. Until 1870, Vermont elected its governors for one-year terms. Isaac Tichenor, Jonas Galusha, Erastus Fairbanks, and Richard A. Snelling each served non-consecutive terms, while Thomas Chittenden served non consecutive terms as Governor of the Vermont Republic.

Mountain Rule

From the founding of the Republican Party in the 1850s until the 1960s, only Republicans won general elections for Vermont's statewide offices. One method that made this possible was the Republican Party's imposition of the "Mountain Rule," an informal mechanism which restricted the pool of candidates.

Under the original provisions of the Mountain Rule, one U.S. senator was a resident of the east side of the Green Mountains and one resided on the west side. The expanded version of the rule called for the governorship and lieutenant governorship to alternate between residents of the east and west side. Nominees for governor and lieutenant governor were originally allowed two one-year terms, and later one two-year term. For nearly 100 years, likely Republican candidates for office in Vermont agreed to abide by the expanded Mountain Rule in the interests of party unity. Several factors led to the eventual weakening of the Mountain Rule, including the long political dispute between the Proctor (conservative) and Aiken–Gibson (progressive) wings of the party; primaries rather than conventions to select nominees; the direct election of U.S. Senators; and several active third parties, including the Progressives, the Prohibition Party, and the Local Option movement. In the 1960s, the rise of the Vermont Democratic Party and the construction of Interstate 89 also contributed to the end of the Mountain Rule. Although I-89 is a north–south route, it traverses Vermont from southeast to northwest for the majority of its length within the state and changed the way residents view how it is divided.

List of governors

Vermont Republic

The Vermont Republic declared independence from Great Britain on January 15, 1777.

Governors of the Republic of Vermont

No.	Governor		Term in office	Party	Election	Lt. Governor
1		Thomas Chittenden (1730–1797)	March 13, 1778 – October 13, 1789 (lost election)	No party	1778	Joseph Marsh
					1779	Benjamin Carpenter
					1780
					1781	Elisha Payne
					1782	Paul Spooner
					1783
					1784
					1785
					1786	Joseph Marsh
					1787
					1788
2		Moses Robinson (1741–1813)	October 13, 1789 – October 20, 1790 (lost election)	No party	1789
3		Thomas Chittenden (1730–1797)	October 20, 1790 – March 4, 1791 (became state governor)	No party	1790	Peter Olcott

State of Vermont

Vermont was admitted to the Union on March 4, 1791.

Governors of the State of Vermont

No.	Governor			Term in office	Party	Election	Lt. Governor
1			Thomas Chittenden (1730–1797)	March 5, 1791 – August 25, 1797 (died in office)	No party	1791		Peter Olcott
						1792
						1793
						1794		Jonathan Hunt
						1795
						1796		Paul Brigham
2			Paul Brigham (1746–1824)	August 25, 1797 – October 16, 1797 (did not run)	Democratic- Republican	Succeeded from lieutenant governor	Vacant
3			Isaac Tichenor (1754–1838)	October 16, 1797 – October 9, 1807 (lost election)	Federalist	1797		Paul Brigham
						1798
						1799
						1800
						1801
						1802
						1803
						1804
						1805
						1806
4			Israel Smith (1759–1810)	October 9, 1807 – October 14, 1808 (lost election)	Democratic- Republican	1807
5			Isaac Tichenor (1754–1838)	October 14, 1808 – October 14, 1809 (lost election)	Federalist	1808
6			Jonas Galusha (1753–1834)	October 14, 1809 – October 23, 1813 (lost election)	Democratic- Republican	1809
						1810
						1811
						1812
7			Martin Chittenden (1763–1840)	October 23, 1813 – October 14, 1815 (lost election)	Federalist	1813		William Chamberlain
						1814
8			Jonas Galusha (1753–1834)	October 14, 1815 – October 13, 1820 (did not run)	Democratic- Republican	1815		Paul Brigham
						1816
						1817
						1818
						1819
9			Richard Skinner (1778–1833)	October 13, 1820 – October 10, 1823 (did not run)	Democratic- Republican	1820		William Cahoon
						1821
						1822		Aaron Leland
10			Cornelius P. Van Ness (1782–1852)	October 10, 1823 – October 13, 1826 (did not run)	Democratic- Republican	1823
						1824
						1825
11			Ezra Butler (1763–1838)	October 13, 1826 – October 10, 1828 (did not run)	National Republican	1826
						1827		Henry Olin
12			Samuel C. Crafts (1768–1853)	October 10, 1828 – October 18, 1831 (did not run)	National Republican	1828
						1829
						1830		Mark Richards
13			William A. Palmer (1781–1860)	October 18, 1831 – November 2, 1835 (lost election)	Anti-Masonic	1831		Lebbeus Egerton
						1832
						1833
						1834
14			Silas H. Jennison (1791–1849)	November 2, 1835 – October 18, 1841 (did not run)	Whig	1835		Acting as governor
						1836		David M. Camp
						1837
						1838
						1839
						1840
15			Charles Paine (1799–1853)	October 18, 1841 – October 13, 1843 (did not run)	Whig	1841		Waitstill R. Ranney
						1842
16			John Mattocks (1777–1847)	October 13, 1843 – October 11, 1844 (did not run)	Whig	1843		Horace Eaton
17			William Slade (1786–1859)	October 11, 1844 – October 9, 1846 (did not run)	Whig	1844
						1845
18			Horace Eaton (1804–1855)	October 9, 1846 – October 19, 1848 (did not run)	Whig	1846		Leonard Sargeant
						1847
19			Carlos Coolidge (1792–1866)	October 19, 1848 – October 12, 1850 (did not run)	Whig	1848		Robert Pierpoint
						1849
20			Charles K. Williams (1782–1853)	October 12, 1850 – October 18, 1852 (did not run)	Whig	1850		Julius Converse
						1851
21			Erastus Fairbanks (1792–1864)	October 18, 1852 – November 1, 1853 (lost election)	Whig	1852		William C. Kittredge
22			John S. Robinson (1804–1860)	November 1, 1853 – October 13, 1854 (did not run)	Democratic	1853		Jefferson P. Kidder
23			Stephen Royce (1787–1868)	October 13, 1854 – October 10, 1856 (did not run)	Whig	1854		Ryland Fletcher
					Republican	1855
24			Ryland Fletcher (1799–1885)	October 10, 1856 – October 15, 1858 (did not run)	Republican	1856		James M. Slade
						1857
25			Hiland Hall (1795–1885)	October 15, 1858 – October 12, 1860 (did not run)	Republican	1858		Burnham Martin
						1859
26			Erastus Fairbanks (1792–1864)	October 12, 1860 – October 22, 1861 (did not run)	Republican	1860		Levi Underwood
27			Frederick Holbrook (1813–1909)	October 22, 1861 – October 9, 1863 (did not run)	Republican	1861
						1862		Paul Dillingham
28			J. Gregory Smith (1818–1891)	October 9, 1863 – October 13, 1865 (did not run)	Republican	1863
						1864
29			Paul Dillingham (1799–1891)	October 13, 1865 – October 13, 1867 (did not run)	Republican	1865		Abraham B. Gardner
						1866
30			John B. Page (1826–1885)	October 13, 1867 – October 16, 1869 (did not run)	Republican	1867		Stephen Thomas
						1868
31			Peter T. Washburn (1814–1870)	October 16, 1869 – February 7, 1870 (died in office)	Republican	1869		George W. Hendee
32			George Whitman Hendee (1832–1906)	February 7, 1870 – October 6, 1870 (did not run)	Republican	Succeeded from lieutenant governor	Vacant
33			John Wolcott Stewart (1825–1915)	October 6, 1870 – October 3, 1872 (lost nomination)	Republican	1870		George N. Dale
34			Julius Converse (1798–1885)	October 3, 1872 – October 8, 1874 (did not run)	Republican	1872		Russell S. Taft
35			Asahel Peck (1803–1879)	October 8, 1874 – October 5, 1876 (did not run)	Republican	1874		Lyman G. Hinckley
36			Horace Fairbanks (1820–1888)	October 5, 1876 – October 3, 1878 (did not run)	Republican	1876		Redfield Proctor
37			Redfield Proctor (1831–1908)	October 3, 1878 – October 7, 1880 (did not run)	Republican	1878		Eben Pomeroy Colton
38			Roswell Farnham (1827–1903)	October 7, 1880 – October 5, 1882 (did not run)	Republican	1880		John L. Barstow
39			John L. Barstow (1832–1913)	October 5, 1882 – October 2, 1884 (did not run)	Republican	1882		Samuel E. Pingree
40			Samuel E. Pingree (1832–1922)	October 2, 1884 – October 7, 1886 (did not run)	Republican	1884		Ebenezer J. Ormsbee
41			Ebenezer J. Ormsbee (1834–1924)	October 7, 1886 – October 4, 1888 (did not run)	Republican	1886		Levi K. Fuller
42			William P. Dillingham (1843–1923)	October 4, 1888 – October 2, 1890 (did not run)	Republican	1888		Urban A. Woodbury
43			Carroll S. Page (1843–1925)	October 2, 1890 – October 6, 1892 (did not run)	Republican	1890		Henry A. Fletcher
44			Levi K. Fuller (1841–1896)	October 6, 1892 – October 4, 1894 (did not run)	Republican	1892		F. Stewart Stranahan
45			Urban A. Woodbury (1838–1915)	October 4, 1894 – October 8, 1896 (did not run)	Republican	1894		Zophar M. Mansur
46			Josiah Grout (1841–1925)	October 8, 1896 – October 6, 1898 (did not run)	Republican	1896		Nelson W. Fisk
47			Edward Curtis Smith (1854–1935)	October 6, 1898 – October 4, 1900 (did not run)	Republican	1898		Henry C. Bates
48			William W. Stickney (1853–1932)	October 4, 1900 – October 3, 1902 (did not run)	Republican	1900		Martin F. Allen
49			John G. McCullough (1835–1915)	October 3, 1902 – October 6, 1904 (did not run)	Republican	1902		Zed S. Stanton
50			Charles J. Bell (1845–1909)	October 6, 1904 – October 4, 1906 (did not run)	Republican	1904		Charles H. Stearns
51			Fletcher D. Proctor (1860–1911)	October 4, 1906 – October 8, 1908 (did not run)	Republican	1906		George H. Prouty
52			George H. Prouty (1862–1918)	October 8, 1908 – October 6, 1910 (did not run)	Republican	1908		John A. Mead
53			John A. Mead (1841–1920)	October 6, 1910 – October 3, 1912 (did not run)	Republican	1910		Leighton P. Slack
54			Allen M. Fletcher (1853–1922)	October 3, 1912 – January 7, 1915 (did not run)	Republican	1912		Frank E. Howe
55			Charles W. Gates (1856–1927)	January 7, 1915 – January 4, 1917 (did not run)	Republican	1914		Hale K. Darling
56			Horace F. Graham (1862–1941)	January 4, 1917 – January 10, 1919 (did not run)	Republican	1916		Roger W. Hulburd
57			Percival W. Clement (1846–1927)	January 10, 1919 – January 7, 1921 (did not run)	Republican	1918		Mason S. Stone
58			James Hartness (1861–1934)	January 7, 1921 – January 4, 1923 (did not run)	Republican	1920		Abram W. Foote
59			Redfield Proctor Jr. (1879–1957)	January 4, 1923 – January 8, 1925 (did not run)	Republican	1922		Franklin S. Billings
60			Franklin S. Billings (1862–1935)	January 8, 1925 – January 6, 1927 (did not run)	Republican	1924		Walter K. Farnsworth
61			John E. Weeks (1853–1949)	January 6, 1927 – January 8, 1931 (did not run)	Republican	1926		Hollister Jackson (died November 2, 1927)
							Vacant
						1928		Stanley C. Wilson
62			Stanley C. Wilson (1879–1967)	January 8, 1931 – January 10, 1935 (did not run)	Republican	1930		Benjamin Williams
						1932		Charles Manley Smith
63			Charles Manley Smith (1868–1937)	January 10, 1935 – January 7, 1937 (did not run)	Republican	1934		George D. Aiken
64			George Aiken (1892–1984)	January 7, 1937 – January 9, 1941 (did not run)	Republican	1936		William Henry Wills
						1938
65			William Henry Wills (1882–1946)	January 9, 1941 – January 4, 1945 (did not run)	Republican	1940		Mortimer R. Proctor
						1942
66			Mortimer R. Proctor (1889–1968)	January 4, 1945 – January 9, 1947 (lost nomination)	Republican	1944		Lee E. Emerson
67			Ernest W. Gibson Jr. (1901–1969)	January 9, 1947 – January 16, 1950 (resigned)	Republican	1946
						1948		Harold J. Arthur
68			Harold J. Arthur (1904–1971)	January 16, 1950 – January 4, 1951 (did not run)	Republican	Succeeded from lieutenant governor	Vacant
69			Lee E. Emerson (1898–1976)	January 4, 1951 – January 6, 1955 (did not run)	Republican	1950		Joseph B. Johnson
						1952
70			Joseph B. Johnson (1893–1986)	January 6, 1955 – January 15, 1959 (did not run)	Republican	1954		Consuelo N. Bailey
						1956		Robert T. Stafford
71			Robert Stafford (1913–2006)	January 15, 1959 – January 5, 1961 (did not run)	Republican	1958		Robert S. Babcock
72			F. Ray Keyser Jr. (1927–2015)	January 5, 1961 – January 10, 1963 (lost election)	Republican	1960		Ralph A. Foote
73			Philip H. Hoff (1924–2018)	January 10, 1963 – January 9, 1969 (did not run)	Democratic	1962
						1964		John J. Daley
						1966
74			Deane C. Davis (1900–1990)	January 9, 1969 – January 4, 1973 (did not run)	Republican	1968		Thomas L. Hayes
						1970		John S. Burgess
75			Thomas P. Salmon (b. 1932)	January 4, 1973 – January 6, 1977 (did not run)	Democratic	1972
						1974		Brian D. Burns
76			Richard A. Snelling (1927–1991)	January 6, 1977 – January 10, 1985 (did not run)	Republican	1976		T. Garry Buckley
						1978		Madeleine Kunin
						1980
						1982		Peter P. Smith
77			Madeleine Kunin (b. 1933)	January 10, 1985 – January 10, 1991 (did not run)	Democratic	1984
						1986		Howard Dean
						1988
78			Richard A. Snelling (1927–1991)	January 10, 1991 – August 13, 1991 (died in office)	Republican	1990
79			Howard Dean (b. 1948)	August 13, 1991 – January 9, 2003 (did not run)	Democratic	Succeeded from lieutenant governor	Vacant
						1992		Barbara W. Snelling
						1994
						1996		Doug Racine
						1998
						2000
80			Jim Douglas (b. 1951)	January 9, 2003 – January 6, 2011 (did not run)	Republican	2002		Brian Dubie
						2004
						2006
						2008
81			Peter Shumlin (b. 1956)	January 6, 2011 – January 5, 2017 (did not run)	Democratic	2010		Phil Scott
						2012
						2014
82			Phil Scott (b. 1958)	January 5, 2017 – Incumbent	Republican	2016		David Zuckerman
						2018
						2020		Molly Gray
						2022		David Zuckerman
						2024	election ongoing

See also

• Gubernatorial lines of succession in the United States § Vermont
• List of Vermont General Assemblies

Notes

1. Lieutenant governors represented the same party as their governor unless noted.
2. ^ Represented the Democratic-Republican Party
3. ^ In the 1835 election, Palmer received a plurality, but not the required majority; the legislature remained deadlocked after 63 votes and the joint assembly dissolved on November 2 without choosing a governor, so Lieutenant Governor Jennison acted as governor for the term.
4. Jennison represented both the Anti-Masonic and the Whig parties in 1835.
5. Republican convention delegates decided that since Washburn, from the East side of the Green Mountains, had won the nomination in 1869, the 1870 nomination should go to a candidate from the West. They also decided that though he was from the West, nominating Hendee would violate the Mountain Rule's two years in office provision, because 1870 would be the first election for a two-year term. As a result, Hendee was not a candidate.
6. Vermont's gubernatorial terms were changed from one year to two. Stewart argued that the Mountain Rule's two-term limit on governors should allow him to serve two two-year terms. Republican convention delegates decided that the Mountain Rule limited governors to two years in office, so Stewart was not re-nominated.
7. Weeks successfully argued that he should serve a second term in order to oversee recovery from the Great Flood of 1927. In 1930, he was elected to the United States House of Representatives.
8. Aiken was instead elected to the United States Senate.
9. Gibson resigned, having been confirmed to the United States District Court for the District of Vermont.
10. Stafford was instead elected to the United States House of Representatives.
11. ^ Represented the Republican Party
12. ^ Represented the Democratic Party
13. Scott's fifth term will begin in January 2025, and will expire in January 2027.
14. ^ Represented the Progressive Party

References

General

• "Former Vermont Governors". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 5, 2023.
• Sobel, Robert (1978). Biographical directory of the governors of the United States, 1789-1978, Vol. IV. Meckler Books. ISBN 9780930466008. Retrieved June 13, 2023.
• Dubin, Michael J. (2003). United States Gubernatorial Elections, 1776-1860: The Official Results by State and County. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-1439-0.
• Dubin, Michael J. (2014). United States Gubernatorial Elections, 1861-1911: The Official Results by State and County. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-5646-8.
• Kallenbach, Joseph Ernest (1977). American State Governors, 1776-1976. Oceana Publications. ISBN 978-0-379-00665-0. Retrieved September 23, 2023.
• Glashan, Roy R. (1979). American Governors and Gubernatorial Elections, 1775-1978. Meckler Books. ISBN 978-0-930466-17-6.
• "Our Campaigns - Governor of Vermont - History". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved July 25, 2023.

Specific

1. Berg-Andersson, Richard E. (May 23, 2021). "Length of Terms of Office of State Governors Throughout American History". The Green Papers. Richard E. Berg-Andersson. Retrieved January 5, 2023.
2. pdf Archived 2016-01-12 at the Wayback Machine
3. Vermont State Archives & Records Administration (2017). "State Officers: Executive Branch; Governors". SOS.Vermont.Gov. Montpelier, VT: Vermont Secretary of State. Retrieved January 5, 2023.
4. The Direct Primary, sos.vermont.gov
5. "The Mountain Rule in Vermont". The New York Times. February 12, 1895. p. 7. Retrieved October 2, 2023.
6. Magazine article, Mountain Rule Revisited, by Samuel B. Hand, Vermont History Magazine, published by Vermont Historical Society, Summer/Fall 2003, pages 139 to 151
7. ^ Sobel 1978, p. 1561.
8. ^ "Thomas Chittenden". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 11, 2023.
9. State of Vermont (1873). Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont. Vol. I. Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland. p. 243.
10. ^ "Position Papers: When conviviality leads to 'conspiracy of collegiality'". Barre Montpelier Times Argus. Barre, VT. October 17, 2018 .
11. "Moses Robinson". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 11, 2023.
12. State of Vermont (1873). Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont. Vol. III. Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland. p. 189.
13. State of Vermont (1873). Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont. Vol. III. Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland. p. 211.
14. ^ Wilbur, La Fayette (1899). Early History of Vermont. Jericho, VT: Roscoe Printing House. p. 333 – via Google Books.
15. ^ Kallenbach 1977, pp. 587–589.
16. Glashan 1979, p. 314.
17. Sobel 1978, p. 1562.
18. "Paul Brigham". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
19. Conant, Edward (1915). A Text Book of the Geography, History, Constitution and Civil Government of Vermont. Rutland, VT: Tuttle Company. pp. 311, 321 – via Google Books.
20. Glashan 1979, p. 310.
21. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1562–1563.
22. ^ "Isaac Tichenor". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
23. State of Vermont (1873). Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont. Vol. IV. Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland. p. 141.
24. Sobel 1978, pp. 1563–1564.
25. "Israel Smith". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
26. State of Vermont (1873). Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont. Vol. IV. Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland. p. 151.
27. State of Vermont (1873). Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont. Vol. V. Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland. p. 192.
28. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1564–1565.
29. ^ "Jonas Galusha". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
30. State of Vermont (1873). Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont. Vol. V. Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland. p. 245.
31. Sobel 1978, pp. 1565–1566.
32. "Martin Chittenden". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
33. State of Vermont (1873). Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont. Vol. VI. Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland. p. 16.
34. State of Vermont (1873). Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont. Vol. VI. Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland. p. 108.
35. ^ Sobel 1978, p. 1566.
36. "Richard Skinner". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
37. State of Vermont (1873). Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont. Vol. VI. Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland. p. 290.
38. ^ Sobel 1978, p. 1567.
39. "Cornelius P. Van Ness". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
40. State of Vermont (1873). Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont. Vol. VII. Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland. p. 68.
41. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1567–1568.
42. "Ezra Butler". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
43. State of Vermont (1873). Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont. Vol. VII. Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland. p. 208.
44. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1568–1569.
45. "Samuel C. Crafts". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
46. State of Vermont (1873). Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont. Vol. VII. Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland. p. 303.
47. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1569–1570.
48. "William A. Palmer". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
49. State of Vermont (1873). Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont. Vol. VIII. Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland. p. 8.
50. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1570–1571.
51. "Silas H. Jension". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
52. Glashan 1979, p. 316.
53. State of Vermont (1873). Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont. Vol. VIII. Montpelier, J. & J.M. Poland. p. 215.
54. ^ Sobel 1978, p. 1571.
55. "Charles Paine". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
56. Vermont General Assembly. Journal of the Senate. 1841 sess., 14, accessed July 13, 2023
57. ^ Sobel 1978, p. 1572.
58. "John Mattocks". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
59. Vermont General Assembly. Journal of the Senate. 1843 sess., 12, accessed July 13, 2023
60. Sobel 1978, pp. 1572–1573.
61. "William Slade". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
62. Vermont General Assembly. Journal of the Senate. 1844 sess., 11, accessed July 13, 2023
63. Crockett, Walter Hill (1921). Vermont: The Green Mountain State. Vol. 3. New York, NY: Century History Company. p. 358 – via Google Books.
64. Sobel 1978, pp. 1573–1574.
65. "Horace Eaton". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
66. Vermont General Assembly. Journal of the Senate. 1846 sess., 8, accessed July 13, 2023
67. "Biography, Gov. Horace Eaton". NGA.org. Washington, DC: National Governors Association. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
68. Sobel 1978, pp. 1574–1575.
69. "Carlos Coolidge". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
70. Vermont General Assembly. Journal of the Senate. 1848 sess., 24, accessed July 13, 2023
71. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1575–1576.
72. "Charles Kilborn Williams". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
73. "The Legislature". The Brattleboro' Eagle. October 17, 1850. p. 2. Retrieved July 14, 2023.
74. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1576–1577.
75. ^ "Erastus Fairbanks". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
76. Vermont General Assembly. Journal of the Senate. 1852 sess., 25, accessed July 13, 2023
77. ^ Sobel 1978, p. 1577.
78. "John Staniford Robinson". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
79. "Legislature of Vermont". The Daily Journal. November 2, 1853. p. 3. Retrieved July 14, 2023.
80. Sobel 1978, pp. 1577–1578.
81. "Stephen Royce". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
82. Vermont General Assembly. Journal of the Senate. 1854 sess., 16, accessed July 14, 2023
83. ^ "The Mountain Rule". Rutland Herald. Rutland, VT. October 16, 1911. p. 4 – via Newspapers.com.
84. ^ Kallenbach 1977, p. 596.
85. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1578–1579.
86. "Ryland Fletcher". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
87. "General Assembly". The Vermont Patriot and State Gazette. October 17, 1856. p. 2. Retrieved July 14, 2023.
88. Sobel 1978, pp. 1579–1580.
89. "Hiland Hall". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
90. Vermont General Assembly. Journal of the Senate. 1858 sess., 14, accessed July 14, 2023
91. "Legislature of Vermont". The Daily Journal. October 12, 1860. p. 3. Retrieved July 14, 2023.
92. Sobel 1978, p. 1580.
93. "Frederick Holbrook". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
94. "By Telegraph". The Burlington Free Press. October 22, 1861. p. 3. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
95. Sobel 1978, p. 1581.
96. "John Gregory Smith". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
97. Vermont General Assembly. Journal of the Senate. 1863 sess., 18, accessed July 15, 2023
98. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1581–1582.
99. "Paul Dillingham". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
100. Vermont General Assembly. Journal of the Senate. 1865 sess., 25, accessed July 15, 2023
101. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1582–1583.
102. "John B. Page". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
103. "From Montpelier". The Burlington Free Press. October 11, 1867. p. 3. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
104. Sobel 1978, p. 1583.
105. "Peter T. Washburn". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
106. "Legislature of Vermont". Vermont Christian Messenger. October 21, 1869. p. 2. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
107. ^ Sobel 1978, p. 1584.
108. "George Whitman Hendee". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
109. "Death of Governor Washburn". The St Johnsbury Times. February 11, 1870. p. 2. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
110. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1584–1585.
111. "John Wolcott Stewart". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
112. "Legislature of Vermont". The Burlington Free Press. October 7, 1870. p. 2. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
113. Sobel 1978, p. 1585.
114. "Julius Converse". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
115. "Legislature of Vermont". The Daily Journal. October 4, 1872. p. 2. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
116. Sobel 1978, p. 1586.
117. "Asahel Peck". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
118. "Legislature of Vermont". Burlington Daily Sentinel. October 9, 1874. p. 3. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
119. Sobel 1978, pp. 1586–1587.
120. "Horace Fairbanks". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
121. "Legislature of Vermont". The Rutland Daily Globe. October 7, 1876. p. 1. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
122. Sobel 1978, pp. 1587–1588.
123. "Redfield Proctor Sr". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
124. "Legislature of Vermont". The Daily Journal. October 4, 1878. p. 2. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
125. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1588–1589.
126. "Roswell Farnham". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
127. "Legislature of Vermont". Rutland Daily Herald. October 8, 1880. p. 4. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
128. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1589–1590.
129. "John Lester Barstow". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
130. "The Legislature". St. Albans Daily Messenger. October 6, 1882. p. 3. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
131. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1590–1591.
132. "Samuel E. Pingree". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
133. "Legislature of Vermont". St. Albans Daily Messenger. October 2, 1884. p. 3. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
134. ^ Sobel 1978, p. 1591.
135. "Ebenezer Jolls Ormsbee". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
136. "From Montpelier". The Burlington Free Press. October 8, 1886. p. 1. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
137. Sobel 1978, p. 1592.
138. "William Paul Dillingham". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
139. "The Legislature". The Burlington Free Press. October 5, 1888. p. 5. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
140. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1592–1593.
141. "Carroll Smalley Page". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
142. "Legislature of Vermont". Lyndonville Journal. October 8, 1890. p. 2. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
143. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1593–1594.
144. "Levi Knight Fuller". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
145. "Gov. Fuller Now". The Burlington Free Press. October 7, 1892. p. 1. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
146. ^ Sobel 1978, p. 1594.
147. "Urban Andrain Woodbury". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
148. "The Legislature". Rutland Daily Herald. October 5, 1894. p. 1. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
149. ^ Sobel 1978, p. 1595.
150. "Josiah Grout". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
151. "From Woodbury to Grout". St. Albans Daily Messenger. October 8, 1896. p. 1. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
152. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1595–1596.
153. "Edward Curtis Smith". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
154. "The Inauguration". Montpelier Daily Record. October 6, 1898. p. 1. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
155. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1596–1597.
156. "William W. Stickney". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
157. "Stickney Inaugurated". St. Albans Daily Messenger. October 4, 1900. p. 1. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
158. ^ Sobel 1978, p. 1597.
159. "John Griffith McCullough". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
160. "Inauguration Day". St. Albans Daily Messenger. October 3, 1902. p. 1. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
161. ^ Sobel 1978, p. 1598.
162. "Charles James Bell". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
163. "Inaugural Day". St. Albans Daily Messenger. October 6, 1904. p. 1. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
164. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1598–1599.
165. "Fletcher Dutton Proctor". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
166. "Inauguration". The Burlington Free Press. October 5, 1906. p. 1. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
167. Sobel 1978, pp. 1599–1600.
168. "George Prouty". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
169. "Gov. G. H. Prouty Takes Oath of Office". Bennington Banner. October 8, 1908. p. 1. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
170. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1600–1601.
171. "John Abner Mead". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
172. "John A. Mead Inaugurated As Governor". The Barre Daily Times. October 6, 1910. p. 1. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
173. ^ Sobel 1978, p. 1601.
174. "Allen M. Fletcher". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
175. "State Changes Its Governor". Burlington Daily News. October 3, 1912. p. 1. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
176. ^ Sobel 1978, p. 1602.
177. "Charles W. Gates". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
178. "Gates Takes Oath; Fletcher's Talk Fairly Bristles". The Barre Daily Times. January 7, 1915. p. 1. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
179. Sobel 1978, pp. 1602–1603.
180. "Horace French Graham". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
181. "Governor Graham Outlines New Method for Economy". St. Albans Daily Messenger. January 4, 1917. p. 1. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
182. ^ Slayton, Tom (March 2, 1980). "End of Vermont's Old 'Mountain Rule' Helped Doom GOP's Political Monopoly". Rutland Herald. Rutland, VT. p. 5 – via Newspapers.com.
183. Sobel 1978, pp. 1603–1604.
184. "Percival W. Clement". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
185. "Governor Takes Oath of Office". Burlington Daily News. January 10, 1919. p. 1. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
186. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1604–1605.
187. "James Hartness". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
188. "James Hartness Is Inaugurated Governor of State". The Burlington Free Press. January 8, 1921. p. 1. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
189. Sobel 1978, pp. 1605–1606.
190. "Redfield Proctor Jr". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
191. "Proctor Takes Oath of Office; Declares for State Budget Based on Expected Income". The Burlington Free Press. January 5, 1923. p. 1. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
192. ^ Sobel 1978, p. 1606.
193. "Franklin Swift Billings". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
194. "Franklin S. Billings Is Inaugurated 63rd Governor of Vermont". The Burlington Free Press. January 9, 1925. p. 1. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
195. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1606–1607.
196. "John Eliakim Weeks". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
197. "John E. Weeks Sworn As State's 64th Governor". The Burlington Free Press. January 7, 1927. p. 1. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
198. Sobel 1978, pp. 1607–1608.
199. "Stanley Calef Wilson". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
200. "Stanley C. Wilson of Chelsea Is Inducted Into Office As Governor of Vermont". The Burlington Free Press. Associated Press. January 9, 1931. p. 1. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
201. "Gov. Wilson Says He Is Not A Candidate "At This Time" For Re-Election Or For Congress". Rutland Herald. Rutland, VT. July 19, 1934. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
202. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1608–1609.
203. "Charles Manley Smith". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
204. "Gov. Charles M. Smith Inaugurated in Customary Dignified Ceremony in the Hall of Representatives". The Burlington Free Press. January 11, 1935. p. 1. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
205. ^ Sobel 1978, p. 1609.
206. "George D. Aiken". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
207. "Gov. Aiken's Inaugural Raps Connecticut River Storage Dam Projects". The Burlington Free Press. January 8, 1937. p. 16. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
208. "Young Gibson To Succeed His Father". Bennington Banner. Bennington, VT. June 25, 1940. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
209. ^ Sobel 1978, p. 1610.
210. "William H. Wills". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
211. "Inaugural Crowd of 1000 Hears Gov. Wills Call for Industrial Expansion Program in State". Rutland Daily Herald. January 10, 1941. p. 1. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
212. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1610–1611.
213. "Mortimer R. Proctor". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
214. "Proctor Is Inaugurated Governor, Pledging to Further Strengthen and Revitalize State of Vermont". The Burlington Free Press. January 5, 1945. p. 1. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
215. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1611–1612.
216. "Ernest William Gibson". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
217. "Ernest W. Gibson Becomes State's 65th Governor, Advocates Some Sweeping Changes in Gov't". The Burlington Free Press. January 10, 1947. p. 1. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
218. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1612–1613.
219. "Harold John Arthur". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
220. "Gov. Arthur in Inaugural Address Says He Will Be a Candidate for 2nd Term". The Burlington Free Press. January 17, 1950. p. 1. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
221. Sobel 1978, p. 1613.
222. "Lee Emerson". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
223. "Gov. Emerson's Inaugural Message Urges Revision of 4 Major State Depts". The Burlington Free Press. January 5, 1951. p. 1. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
224. Sobel 1978, p. 1614.
225. "Joseph Blaine Johnson". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
226. "Legislators and Visitors in Reception Line Greeting Vermont's Governor Johnson". The Bennington Evening Banner. January 7, 1955. p. 1. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
227. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1614–1615.
228. "Robert T. Stafford". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
229. "Stafford Inaugurated; Outlines Broad Program". Rutland Daily Herald. January 16, 1959. p. 1. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
230. Sobel 1978, pp. 1615–1616.
231. "F. Ray Keyser". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
232. "Youngest Governor Begins His Term in State House". Burlington Daily News. United Press International. January 6, 1961. p. 1. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
233. ^ Sobel 1978, p. 1616.
234. "Philip Henderson Hoff". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
235. "Philip Hoff Takes Office As 71st Vermont Governor". Addison County Independent. January 18, 1963. p. 1A. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
236. Sobel 1978, p. 1617.
237. "Deane C. Davis". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
238. "Family Watches As Davis Takes Oath As Governor". The Burlington Free Press. January 10, 1969. p. 1. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
239. ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 1617–1618.
240. "Thomas P. Salmon". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
241. "Vermont's Leadership Changes". The Burlington Free Press. January 5, 1973. p. 1. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
242. Sobel 1978, pp. 1618–1619.
243. ^ "Richard A. Snelling". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
244. Conte, Christopher (January 7, 1977). "It Was a Day of Shock and Ceremony for the Legislature". Rutland Daily Herald. p. 7. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
245. ^ "Madeleine M. Kunin". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
246. Hoffman, Jack (January 11, 1985). "Gov. Madeleine Kunin Begins Her Historic Term". Rutland Daily Herald. p. 1. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
247. Allen, Susan (January 11, 1991). "Snelling Optimistic Amid Grim Budget Warnings". The Burlington Free Press. Associated Press. p. 1A. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
248. ^ "Howard Dean". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
249. Liley, Betsy (August 14, 1991). "Democrat Dean Takes Top Post". The Burlington Free Press. p. 1. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
250. ^ "Jim Douglas". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
251. Remsen, Nancy (January 10, 2003). "Douglas Takes Reins of Vt. Government". The Burlington Free Press. p. 1A. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
252. ^ "Peter Shumlin". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
253. Hallenbeck, Terri (January 7, 2011). "State's 81st Governor Inaugurated; Democrat Lays Out Bold Agenda". The Burlington Free Press. p. 1A. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
254. ^ "Phil Scott". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
255. Goswami, Neal P. (January 6, 2017). "New Governor Vows to Make Vt. Affordable". Rutland Daily Herald. p. A1. Retrieved July 17, 2023.

External links

• Office of the Governor of Vermont

v t e Governors of Vermont
Vermont Republic (1777–1791)	Chittenden Robinson Chittenden
State of Vermont (since 1791)	Chittenden Brigham Tichenor I. Smith Tichenor Galusha M. Chittenden Galusha Skinner Van Ness Butler Crafts Palmer Jennison Paine Mattocks Slade Eaton Coolidge Williams E. Fairbanks Robinson Royce Fletcher Hall E. Fairbanks Holbrook G. Smith P. Dillingham Page Washburn Hendee Stewart Converse Peck H. Fairbanks R. Proctor Sr. Farnham Barstow Pingree Ormsbee W.P. Dillingham Page Fuller Woodbury Grout E. Smith Stickney McCullough Bell F. Proctor Prouty Mead Fletcher Gates Graham Clement Hartness R. Proctor Jr. Billings Weeks Wilson C. Smith Aiken Wills M. Proctor Gibson Arthur Emerson Johnson Stafford Keyser Hoff Davis Salmon Snelling Kunin Snelling Dean Douglas Shumlin Scott
Italics indicate acting governor

v t e State of Vermont
Montpelier (capital)
Regions	Champlain Valley Green Mountains Mount Mansfield Northeast Kingdom
Counties	Addison Bennington Caledonia Chittenden Essex Franklin Grand Isle Lamoille Orange Orleans Rutland Washington Windham Windsor
Cities	Barre Burlington (metropolitan area) Essex Junction Montpelier Newport Rutland St. Albans South Burlington Vergennes Winooski
Towns (pop. >5000)	Barre Bennington Brattleboro Colchester Essex Fairfax Hartford Lyndon Jericho Middlebury Milton Morristown Northfield Shelburne Springfield St. Albans St. Johnsbury Stowe Swanton Waterbury Williston
Festivals	Vermont State Fair Green Mountain Film Festival Strolling of the Heifers
Topics	Outline Climate change Flag Geography Mountains Government Constitution Delegations History Vermont National Guard Vermont Air National Guard Vermont State Guard People Symbols Tallest buildings Tourist attractions Vermont Republic coinage flag Stella quarta decima Villages
Society	Abortion Cannabis Culture Crime Demographics Economy Education Elections Gun laws LGBT rights Politics
Vermont portal

• Lists of state governors of the United States
• Lists of Vermont politicians
• Governors of Vermont
• Vermont history-related lists