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Events in 1891 in animation.

Events

• Specific date unknown:
  • Charles-Émile Reynaud creates the film Pauvre Pierrot (Poor Pete). The film consists of 500 individually painted images, and originally lasted for about 15 minutes. It would not be exhibited to an audience until 1892.
  • Magic lantern slides with jointed figures set in motion by levers, thin rods, or cams and worm wheels were produced commercially and patented in 1891. A popular version of these "Fantoccini slides" had a somersaulting monkey with arms attached to a mechanism that made it tumble with dangling feet. Fantoccini slides are named after the Italian word for puppets like marionettes or jumping jacks.
  • George R. Tweedie gained fame in 1891 by running a popular magic lantern show, titled "Gossip about Ghosts". The show, which cost sixpence, consisted of fifty slides, each illustrating a story about ghosts or supernatural occurrences.
  • Two different British patents for magic lantern slides with moving jointed figures (fantoccini slides) were granted in 1891.

Births

March

• March 3: Norman Spencer, American musician and songwriter (Leon Schlesinger Productions), (d. 1940).

July

• July 3: Doris Lloyd, English-American actress (voice of the Rose in Alice in Wonderland), (d. 1968).
• July 16: Lou Fleischer, American composer (Fleischer Studios) and actor (J. Wellington Wimpy in the Popeye cartoon "I Wanna Be a Lifeguard"), (d. 1985).

August

• August 21: Florencio Molina Campos, Argentine illustrator and painter (Walt Disney Animation Studios), (d. 1959).

September

• September 9: Vernon Stallings, American animator, writer and director (International Film Service, Bray Productions, Van Beuren Studios, Walt Disney Company), (d. 1963).

October

• October 1: Svend Methling, Danish actor and film director (The Tinderbox), (d. 1977).
• October 15: Burt Gillett, American animator and film director (Walt Disney Company, The Van Beuren Corporation, Walter Lantz Productions), (d. 1971).

November

• November 10: Carl W. Stalling, American composer, (Walt Disney Animation Studios, Looney Tunes), music arranger, voice actor, (voice of Mickey Mouse in The Karnival Kid), and co-inventor of the click track, (d. 1972).
• November 26: Scott Bradley, American composer, arranger, pianist, and conductor (Walt Disney Company, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer cartoon studio, Iwerks Studio), (d. 1977).

References

1. "Charles-Émile Reynaud". Who's Who of Victorian Cinema. Retrieved 2007-03-11.
2. "Luikerwaal - Fantoccini Slides".
3. "Gossip about ghosts". Slide Readings Library. The Magic Lantern Society. Archived from the original on 28 July 2011. Retrieved 26 February 2011.
4. Page 35, Paranormal Media: Audiences, Spirits and Magic in Popular Culture, Author: Annette Hill, Publisher: Routledge, 2010, ISBN 9781136863189, ...One public lecture titled 'Gossip about Ghost' by former chemist George Tweedie claimed 'spook hunting has recently become as fashionable as Slumming'...
5. Page 220, The Chemical News and Journal of Industrial Science; with which is Incorporated the "Chemical Gazette.": A Journal of Practical Chemistry in All Its Applications to Pharmacy, Arts and Manufactures, Volume 37, Contributor: William Crookes, Publisher:Chemical news office, 1878, ...A process for coating iron with magnetic oxide by the action of heated air. By George R. Tweedie...
6. "Fantoccini Slides". www.luikerwaal.com.
7. Sigall (2005), pp. 84–86
8. Ellenberger, Allan R. (2001). Celebrities in Los Angeles Cemeteries: A Directory. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-5019-0. Retrieved 22 March 2020.
9. Dial, Donna (2000) Cartoons in Paradise: How the Fleischer Brothers Moved to Miami and Lost Their Studio. Florida: Florida Historical Society pp. 309-30
10. Molina Campos y la taba Archived 2017-08-04 at the Wayback Machine by Andrés Cáceres on Los Andes, 21 Nov 2004
11. Maltin, Leonard. Of Mice and Magic.
12. Merritt, Russell; Kaufman, J. B. (2016). Walt Disney's Silly Symphonies: A Companion to the Classic Cartoon Series (2nd ed.). Glendale, CA: Disney Editions. pp. 200–203. ISBN 978-1-4847-5132-9.
13. Holtz, Allan (2012). American Newspaper Comics: An Encyclopedic Reference Guide. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press. p. 400. ISBN 9780472117567.
14. Markstein, Don. "Col. Heeza Liar". Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
15. From the Tinder Box to the Ugly Duckling, Danish Film Institute, archived from the original on 2008-01-31, retrieved 2009-02-05
16. Barrier (2007), p. 71–72
17. Barrier (2007), p. 74
18. "Molly Moo-Cow entry". Toonopedia. Archived from the original on 2016-03-09.
19. Koszarski (2008), p. 319-320
20. Sito (2006), unnumbered pages
21. Neuwirth (2003), unnumbered pages
22. Sigall (2005), p. 88-90
23. Strauss (2002), pp. 5–13.
24. "Funnyworld Revisited: Carl Stalling". Michaelbarrier.com. Retrieved 10 October 2018.
25. Scott Bradley at Walter Lantz|Cartoon Brew
26. Goldmark, Daniel (2005), "Tunes for 'Toons: Music and Hollywood Cartoons", University of California Press, p. 46.
27. Maltin, Leonard (1987), "Of Mice and Magic", Penguin Books.
28. Bradley, Scott (November 1, 2002). "Music In Cartoons". In Goldmark, Daniel; Taylor, Yuval (eds.). The Cartoon Music Book. Chicago Review Press. pp. 115–120. ISBN 978-1556524738.

Sources

• Barrier, Michael (2007), "Building a Better Mouse, 1928-1933", The Animated Man: A Life of Walt Disney, University of California Press, ISBN 978-0520941663
• Koszarski, Richard (2008), "Cartoons in the City", Hollywood on the Hudson: Film and Television in New York from Griffith to Sarnoff, Rutgers University Press, ISBN 978-0813542935
• Neuwirth, Allan (2003), "Makin' Toons Croon: Those Musical Marvels Who Compose the Merry Melodies", Makin' Toons: Inside the Most Popular Animated TV Shows and Movies, Allworth Press, ISBN 978-1621531975
• Sigall, Martha (2005). "The Boys of Termite Terrace". Living Life Inside the Lines: Tales from the Golden Age of Animation. University Press of Mississippi. ISBN 9781578067497.
• Sito, Tom (2006), "Hollywood Labor, 1933–1941:The Birth of Cartoonists Unions", Drawing the Line: The Untold Story of the Animation Unions from Bosko to Bart Simpson, University Press of Kentucky, ISBN 978-0813138367
• Strauss, Neil (2002). "Tunes for Toons: A Cartoon Music Primer". In Goldmark, Daniel; Taylor, Yuval (eds.). The Cartoon Music Book. A Capella Books, an imprint of Chicago Review Press, Inc. ISBN 978-1569764121.

• 1891 in animation