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An amino acid transporter is a membrane transport protein that transports amino acids. They are mainly of the solute carrier family.

Families

There are several families that function in amino acid transport, some of these include:

• TC# 2.A.3 - Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (APC) Superfamily
• TC# 2.A.18 - Amino Acid/Auxin Permease (AAAP) Family
• TC# 2.A.23 - Dicarboxylate/Amino Acid:Cation (Na or H) Symporter (DAACS) Family
• TC# 2.A.26 - Branched Chain Amino Acid:Cation Symporter (LIVCS) Family
• TC# 2.A.42 - Hydroxy/Aromatic Amino Acid Permease (HAAAP) Family
• TC# 2.A.78 - Branched Chain Amino Acid Exporter (LIV-E) Family
• TC# 2.A.95 - 6TMS Neutral Amino Acid Transporter (NAAT) Family
• TC# 2.A.118 - Basic Amino Acid Antiporter (ArcD) Family
• TC# 2.A.120 - Putative Amino Acid Permease (PAAP) Family

Solute carrier family examples

• (1) high affinity glutamate and neutral amino acid transporter
• (3) heavy subunits of heteromeric amino acid transporters
• (6) Bacterial Leucine Transporter (LeuT)
• (7) cationic amino acid transporter/glycoprotein-associated
• (15) proton oligopeptide cotransporter
• (17) vesicular glutamate transporter
• (18) vesicular amine transporter
• (25) some mitochondrial carriers
• (26) multifunctional anion exchanger
• (32) vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter
• (36) proton-coupled amino acid transporter
• (38) System A & N, sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter

VIAAT

Vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter (VIAAT) is responsible for the storage of GABA and glycine in neuronal synaptic vesicles.

Human proteins containing this domain

SLC32A1; SLC36A1; SLC36A2; SLC36A3; SLC36A4; SLC38A1; SLC38A2; SLC38A3; SLC38A4; SLC38A5; SLC38A6.

See also

• Solute carrier family
• Amino acid transport
• Amino acid transport, acidic
• Amino acid transport, basic
• Amino acid transport disorder
• Amino acid
• Transporter Classification Database

References

1. Kanai Y, Hediger MA (2004). "The glutamate/neutral amino acid transporter family SLC1: molecular, physiological and pharmacological aspects". Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 469–479. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1146-4. PMID 14530974. S2CID 21564906.
2. Palacin M, Kanai Y (2004). "The ancillary proteins of HATs: SLC3 family of amino acid transporters". Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 490–494. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1062-7. PMID 14770309. S2CID 25808108.
3. Singh SK, Piscitelli CL, Yamashita A, Gouaux E (2008). "A competitive inhibitor traps LeuT in an open-to-out conformation". Science. 322 (5908): 1655–1661. Bibcode:2008Sci...322.1655S. doi:10.1126/science.1166777. PMC 2832577. PMID 19074341.
4. Verrey F, Closs EI, Wagner CA, Palacin M, Endou H, Kanai Y (2004). "CATs and HATs: the SLC7 family of amino acid transporters" (PDF). Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 532–542. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1086-z. PMID 14770310. S2CID 11670040.
5. Daniel H, Kottra G (2004). "The proton oligopeptide cotransporter family SLC15 in physiology and pharmacology". Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 610–618. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1101-4. PMID 12905028. S2CID 22369521.
6. Reimer RJ, Edwards RH (2004). "Organic anion transport is the primary function of the SLC17/type I phosphate transporter family". Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 629–635. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1087-y. PMID 12811560. S2CID 9680597.
7. Eiden LE, Schafer MK, Weihe E, Schutz B (2004). "The vesicular amine transporter family (SLC18): amine/proton antiporters required for vesicular accumulation and regulated exocytotic secretion of monoamines and acetylcholine". Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 636–640. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1100-5. PMID 12827358. S2CID 20764857.
8. Palmieri F (2004). "The mitochondrial transporter family (SLC25): physiological and pathological implications". Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 689–709. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1099-7. PMID 14598172. S2CID 25304722.
9. Mount DB, Romero MF (2004). "The SLC26 gene family of multifunctional anion exchangers". Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 710–721. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1090-3. PMID 12759755. S2CID 20302398.
10. Gasnier B (2004). "The SLC32 transporter, a key protein for the synaptic release of inhibitory amino acids". Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 752–755. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1091-2. PMID 12750892. S2CID 24669893.
11. Boll M, Daniel H, Gasnier B (2004). "The SLC36 family: proton-coupled transporters for the absorption of selected amino acids from extracellular and intracellular proteolysis family". Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 776–779. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1073-4. PMID 12748860. S2CID 25655241.
12. Mackenzie B, Erickson JD (2004). "Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid (System N/A) transporters of the SLC38 gene family". Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 784–795. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1117-9. PMID 12845534. S2CID 35457147.
13. Diabetes 52:2066-2074, 2003

• Solute carrier family