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Hadrosteus Temporal range: Late Devonian: Frasnian, 382.7–372.2 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Artist's reconstruction
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	†Placodermi
Order:	†Arthrodira
Suborder:	†Brachythoraci
Clade:	†Eubrachythoraci
Clade:	†Pachyosteomorphi
Clade:	†Aspinothoracidi
Genus:	†Hadrosteus Gross, 1932
Species
Hadrosteus rapax Gross, 1932 (type)

Hadrosteus is an extinct monospecific genus of large arthrodire placoderm from the Late Frasnian (Late Devonian) Kellwasserkalk facies of Bad Wildungen, Germany. It had large, double-pronged inferognathals (lower jawbones), and serrated edges along its mandible, strongly suggesting that it was a fish-eating predator. The head had a triangular snout, and the trunkshield was short, but high, with a median dorsal plate that was broader than wide. The average skull length is about 16 centimeters.

Etymology

The type species Hadrosteus rapax means "Rapacious Strong-Bone".

Phylogeny

Hadrosteus is a member of the clade Aspinothoracidi, which belongs to the clade Pachyosteomorphi, one of the two major clades within Eubrachythoraci. The cladogram below shows the phylogeny of Hadrosteus:

References

1. ^ Denison, Robert (1978). Placodermi Volume 2 of Handbook of Paleoichthyology'. Stuttgart New York: Gustav Fischer Verlag. pp. 89–90. ISBN 978-0-89574-027-4.
2. Zhu, You-An; Zhu, Min; Wang, Jun-Qing (1 April 2016). "Redescription of Yinostius major (Arthrodira: Heterostiidae) from the Lower Devonian of China, and the interrelationships of Brachythoraci". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 176 (4): 806–834. doi:10.1111/zoj.12356. ISSN 0024-4082.

v t e Arthrodira
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Infraphylum: Gnathostomata Class: "Placodermi" Gnathostomata see Gnathostomata Placodermi see Placodermi Arthrodira see below↓
Arthrodira Arthrodira Aethaspis Aleosteus Anarthraspis Antarctaspis Baringaspis Bryantolepis Erikaspis Eskimaspis Heightingtonaspis Kujdanowiaspis Lataspis Lehmanosteus Mediaspis Proaethaspis Qataraspis Sigaspis Simblaspis Yujiangolepis Wuttagoonaspidae Wuttagoonaspis Yiminaspis Phyllolepida Gavinaspis Phyllolepididae Austrophyllolepis Cobandrahlepis Cowralepis Phyllolepis Placolepis Yurammia Actinolepidae Actinolepis Ailuracantha Bollandaspis Szelepis Phlyctaenioidei Dicksonosteus Phlyctaeniidae Aggeraspis Arctaspis Barwickosteus Cartieraspis Diadsomaspis Elegantaspis Gaspeaspis Grifftaylor Heterogaspis Huginaspis Kolpaspis Kueichowlepis Lyhoalepis Neophlyctaenius Pageauaspis Phlyctaenius Prosphymaspis Stipatosteus Arctolepididae Arctolepis Heintzosteus Huginaspis? Kueichowlepis? Groenlandaspididae Africanaspis Boomeraspis Cosmacanthus Groenlandaspis Mithakaspis Mulgaspis Tiaraspis Turrisaspis Williamsaspididae Elvaspis Williamsaspis Brachythoraci Antineosteus Dhanguura? Gemuendenaspis Maideria Xiangshuiosteus? Holonematidae Artesonema Belemnacanthus Bimbianga Deirosteus Deveonema Gyroplacosteus Holonema Megaloplax Rhenonema Tropidosteus Tropinema Homostiidae Angarichthys Cathlesichthys Dhanguura? Euleptaspis Euleptaspis Luetkeichthys Migmatocephala Antineosteus Atlantidosteus Homosteus Tityosteus Buchanosteidae Arenipiscis Buchanosteus Burrinjucosteus Errolosteus Exutaspis Goodradigbeeon Narrominaspis Parabuchanosteus Toombsosteus Taemasosteus Uralosteus Eubrachythoraci see below↓
Eubrachythoraci Coccosteomorphi Coccosteoidea Coccosteidae Belgiosteus Clarkeosteus Coccosteus Dickosteus Jiuchengia Livosteus Millerosteus Protitanichthys Watsonosteus Panxiosteidae Janiosteus Kimberleyichthys? Panxiosteus Plourdosteus? Incisoscutoidea Belosteus? Compagopiscis Cyrtosteus? Harrytoombsia? Mcnamaraspis? Parabelosteus? Torosteus Trematosteus Camuropiscidae Camuropiscis Fallacosteus Incisoscutum Latocamurus Rolfosteus Tubonasus Pachyosteomorphi Leptosteus Rhachiosteus Dunkleosteoidea Dunkleosteus Eastmanosteus Golshanichthys Hussakofia Kiangyousteus Westralichthys Xiangshuiosteus? Heterosteidae Herasmius Heterosteus Yinostius Aspinothoracidi Bruntonichthys Bullerichthys Bungartius Dinichthys Dinomylostoma Erromenosteus Hadrosteus Holdenius Kendrickichthys Mylostoma Squamatognathus Tafilalichthys Tapinosteus Titanichthys Brachydeiridae Brachydeirus Oxyosteus Synauchenia Selenosteidae Alienacanthus Amazichthys Brachyosteus Braunosteus Draconichthys Enseosteus Gorgonichthys Gymnotrachelus Heintzichthys Melanosteus Microsteus Pachyosteus Paramylostoma Phymosteus Rhinosteus Selenosteus Stenosteus Walterosteus

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