Nyamwezi language - Misplaced Pages

(Redirected from Ilwana dialect) Bantu language spoken in Tanzania

Nyamwezi
Region	Tanzania
Ethnicity	Nyamwezi
Native speakers	(1.5 million cited 1987–2016)
Language family	Niger–Congo? Atlantic–Congo Volta-Congo Benue–Congo Bantoid Southern Bantoid Bantu Northeast Bantu Sukuma-Nyamwezi Nyamwezic Nyamwezi
Language codes
ISO 639-2	`nym`
ISO 639-3	`nym`
Glottolog	`nyam1276`
Guthrie code	`F.22`

Nyamwezi is a major Bantu language of central Tanzania. It forms a dialect continuum with Sukuma, but is more distinct from it.

Konongo and Ruwila are sometimes considered dialects.

Phonology

Consonants

		Bilabial	Labio- dental	Alveolar	Post- alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Plosive	plain	p b		t d		ɟ	k ɡ
Plosive	prenasal	ᵐb		ⁿd		ᶮɟ	ᵑɡ
Affricate	plain				c͡ʃ
Affricate	prenasal				ᶮc͡ʃ
Fricative	plain	β	f v	s z	ʃ			h
Fricative	prenasal		ᶬf ᶬv	ⁿs ⁿz	ᶮʃ
Nasal		m̥ m		n̥ n		ɲ̊ ɲ	ŋ̊ ŋ
Approximant				l		j	w

Prenasalized voiceless stops may also frequently occur, as a result of loan words.
Nasal sounds /m ŋ/ may also occur as labialized .

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
High	i iː		u uː
High	ɪ ɪː		ʊ ʊː
Mid	ɛ ɛː		ɔ ɔː
Low		a aː

Tones

Tones present in Nyamwezi are high /v́/, low /v̀/, and rising /v̌/.

Sample text

Banhu bose bubyalagwa biyagalulile, n'ikujo haki zilenganelile. Banhu bose bina masala na wiganiki, hu kuyomba ihayilwe bitogwe giti bana ba mbyazi bumo.

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

References

Nyamwezi at Ethnologue (22nd ed., 2019)
Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. New Updated Guthrie List Online
Maganga, Clement; Schadeberg, Thilo C. (1992). Kinyamwezi: Grammar, Texts, Vocabulary. Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe. pp. 15–53.
"Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Kinyamwezi (Nyamwezi)". Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. United Nations Development Programme, Tanzania. Retrieved 26 March 2022.

Languages of Tanzania

Official languages

Indigenous
languages

Bantu

Northeast
Bantu

Bena–Kinga	Bena Hehe Kinga Kisi Manda Pangwa Sangu Vwanji
Chaga	Central Kilimanjaro Mochi Gweno Rombo Rusa West Kilimanjaro
Great Lakes	Ha Hangaza Ikizu Ikoma Jita Kabwa Kara Kerewe Kuria Kwaya Ngoreme Nyambo Suba-Simbiti Sumbwa Vinza Zanaki Zinza
Kikuyu–Kamba	Sonjo
Northeast Coast	Digo Doe Gogo Kagulu Kami Kutu Kwere Luguru Ngulu Sagara Shambala Vidunda Zaramo
Takama	Holoholo Iramba Isanzu Kimbu Nyamwezi Sukuma Turu

Other Bantu

Isolates/unclassified

Sign languages

7 school sign languages

Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H) (by Guthrie classification)

Zone E

E10	E11 Nyoro E12 Tooro E13 Nyankore E14 Ciga E15 Ganda E16 Soga E17 Gwere E18 Nyala [JE101 Gungu JE102 Talinga-Bwisi JE103 Ruli JE121 Hema
E20	E21 Nyambo E22 Ziba E23 Dzindza E24 Kerebe E25 Jita [JE221 Rashi JE251 Kwaya JE252 Kara JE253 Ruri
E30	E31a Gisu E31b Kisu E31c Bukusu E32a Hanga E32b Tsotso E33 Nyore E34 Saamia E35 Nyuli [JE341 Xaayo JE342 Marachi JE343 Songa
E40	E41 Logooli E42 Gusii E43 Koria E44 Zanaki E45 Nata E46 Sonjo [JE401 Nguruimi JE402 Ikizu JE403 Suba/Suba-Simbiti JE404 Shashi JE405 Kabwa JE406 Singa JE407 Ware JE411 Idaxo JE412 Isuxa JE413 Tiriki JE431 Simbiti JE432 Hacha JE433 Surwa JE434 Sweta
E50	E51 Kikuyu E52 Embu E53 Meru E54 Saraka E55 Kamba E56 Daiso [E531 Mwimbi-Muthambi E541 Cuka
E60	E61 Rwo E62a Hai E62b Wunjo E62c Rombo E63 Rusa E64 Kahe E65 Gweno
E70	E71 Pokomo E72a Gyriama E72b Kauma E72c Conyi E72d Duruma E72e Rabai E73 Digo E74a Dabida E74b Sagala [E701 Elwana E731 Segeju E732 Degere E74 Taita

Zone F

F10	F11 Tongwe F12 Bende
F20	F21 Sukuma F22 Nyamwezi F23 Sumbwa F24 Kimbu F25 Bungu
F30	F31 Nilamba F32 Remi F33 Langi F34 Mbugwe

Zone G

G10	G11 Gogo G12 Kaguru
G20	G21 Tubeta G22 Asu G23 Shambala G24 Bondei [G221 Mbugu
G30	G31 Zigula G32 Ngwele G33 Zaramo G34 Ngulu G35 Ruguru G36 Kami G37 Kutu G38 Vidunda G39 Sagala [G301 Doe G311 Mushungulu
G40	G41 Tikuu G42a Amu G42b Mvita G42c Mrima G42d Unguja G43a Phemba G43b Tumbatu G43c Hadimu G44a Ngazija G44b Njuani [G402 Makwe G403 Mwani G404 Sidi G411 Socotra Swahili G412 Mwiini
G50	G51 Pogolo G52 Ndamba
G60	G61 Sango G62 Hehe G63 Bena G64 Pangwa G65 Kinga G66 Wanji G67 Kisi [G651 Magoma

Zone H

H10	H11 Beembe H12 Vili H13 Kunyi H14 Ndingi H15 Mboka H16a South Kongo H16b Central Kongo H16c Yombe H16d Fiote H16e Bwende H16f Laadi H16g East Kongo H16h Southeast Kongo [H111 Hangala H112 Kamba-Doondo H131 Suundi
H20	H21a Kimbundu H21b Mbamba H22 Sama H23 Bolo H24 Songo
H30	H31 Yaka H32 Suku H33 Hungu H34 Mbangala H35 Sinji [H321 Soonde
H40	H41 Mbala H42 Hunganna

Italics indicate extinct languages.
Languages between parentheses are varieties of the language on their left.

The Guthrie classification is geographic and its groupings do not imply a relationship between the languages within them.

Narrow Bantu languages by Guthrie classification zone templates: Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones A–B); Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones C–D); Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H); Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones J–M); Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones N–S)

Narrow Bantu languages (Zones J–M) (by Guthrie classification)

Zone J*

D40	D41 Konzo D42 Ndandi D43 Nyanga
D50	D51 Hunde D52 Haavu D53 Nyabungu D54 Bembe D55 Buyi D56 Kabwari [JD501 Nyindu JD502 Yaka JD531 Tembo
D60	D61 Ruanda D62 Rundi D63 Fuliiro D64 Subi D65 Hangaza D66 Ha D67 Vinza [JD631 Vira
E10	E11 Nyoro E12 Tooro E13 Nyankore E14 Ciga E15 Ganda E16 Soga E17 Gwere E18 Nyala [JE101 Gungu JE102 Talinga-Bwisi JE103 Ruli JE121 Hema
E20	E21 Nyambo E22 Ziba E23 Dzindza E24 Kerebe E25 Jita [JE221 Rashi JE251 Kwaya JE252 Kara JE253 Ruri
E30	E31a Gisu E31b Kisu E31c Bukusu E32a Hanga E32b Tsotso E33 Nyore E34 Saamia E35 Nyuli [JE341 Xaayo JE342 Marachi JE343 Songa
E40	E41 Logooli E42 Gusii E43 Koria E44 Zanaki E45 Nata E46 Sonjo [JE401 Nguruimi JE402 Ikizu JE403 Suba/Suba-Simbiti JE404 Shashi JE405 Kabwa JE406 Singa JE407 Ware JE411 Idaxo JE412 Isuxa JE413 Tiriki JE431 Simbiti JE432 Hacha JE433 Surwa JE434 Sweta
F20	F21 Sukuma F22 Nyamwezi F23 Sumbwa F24 Kimbu F25 Bungu

Zone K

K10	K11 Chokwe K12a Luimbi K12b Nyemba K13 Lucazi K14 Lwena K15 Mbunda K16 Nyengo K17 Mbwela K18 Nkangala
K20	K21 Lozi
K30	K31 Luyana K32 Mbowe K33 Kwangali K34 Mashi K35 Simaa K36 Sanjo K37 Kwangwa [K321 Mbume K322 Liyuwa K332 Manyo K333 Mbukushu K334 Mbogedu K351 Mulonga K352 Mwenyi K353 Koma K354 Imilangu K371 Kwandi
K40	K41 Totela K42 Subiya [K402 Fwe K411 Totela of Namibia

Zone L

L10	L11 Pende L12 Samba & Holu L13 Kwese [L101 Sonde
L20	L21 Kete L22 Binji Mbagani L23 Songe L24 Luna [L201 Budya L202 Yazi L221 Lwalwa L231 Binji
L30	L31a Luba-Kasai L31b Lulua L32 Kanyoka L33 Luba-Katanga L34 Hemba L35 Sanga [L301 Kebwe L331 Zeela
L40	L41 Kaonde
L50	L51 Salampasu L52 Lunda L53 Ruund [L511 Luntu
L60	L61 Mbwera L62 Nkoya [L601 Kolwe L602 Lushangi L603 Shasha

Zone M

M10	M11 Pimbwe M12 Rungwa M13 Fipa M14 Rungu M15 Mambwe [M131 Kuulwe
M20	M21 Wanda M22 Mwanga M23 Nyiha M24 Malila M25 Safwa M26 Iwa M27 Tambo [M201 Lambya M202 Sukwa
M30	M31 Nyakyusa [M301 Ndali M302 Penja
M40	M41 Taabwa M42 Bemba [M401 Bwile M402 Aushi
M50	M51 Biisa M52 Lala M53 Swaka M54 Lamba M55 Seba [M521 Ambo M522 Luano M541 Lima M542 Temba
M60	M61 Lenje M62 Soli M63 Ila M64 Tonga [M611 Lukanga Twa M631 Sala M632 Lundwe M633 Kafue Twa

Italics indicate extinct languages.
Languages between parentheses are varieties of the language on their left.

The Guthrie classification is geographic and its groupings do not imply a relationship between the languages within them.

Narrow Bantu languages by Guthrie classification zone templates: Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones A–B); Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones C–D); Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H); Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones J–M); Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones N–S)

This Bantu language-related article is a stub. You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it.

Categories: