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Sitagliptin/metformin, sold under the brand name Janumet among others, is a fixed-dose combination anti-diabetic medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It may be used in those whose blood sugar is not controlled with metformin and a sulfonylurea. It is taken by mouth.

Common side effects include diarrhea, headache, and upper respiratory tract infections. Serious side effects may include lactic acidosis, pancreatitis, low blood sugar, heart failure, joint pain, and allergic reactions. It has not been properly studied in women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. It contains sitagliptin (a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor) and metformin (a biguanide).

The combination was approved for medical use in the United States in 2007. In 2022, it was the 182nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2 million prescriptions. It is available as a generic medication.

Medical uses

In the United States, sitagliptin/metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes.

In the European Union, sitagliptin/metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes; in combination with a sulfonylurea as an adjunct to diet and exercise "in people inadequately controlled on their maximal tolerated dose of metformin and a sulfonylurea; as triple combination therapy with a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonist (i.e., a thiazolidinedione) as an adjunct to diet and exercise in people inadequately controlled on their maximal tolerated dose of metformin and a PPAR agonist; and as add-on to insulin as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in people when stable dosage of insulin and metformin alone do not provide adequate glycemic control."

In December 2020, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved labeling changes stating that Januvia (sitagliptin), Janumet (sitagliptin and metformin hydrochloride), and Janumet XR (sitagliptin and metformin hydrochloride extended-release) are not proven to improve glycemic (blood sugar) control in children aged 10 to 17 with type 2 diabetes. The drugs are approved to improve blood sugar control in adults aged 18 and older with type 2 diabetes.

Society and culture

Brand names

As of 2018, the combination is marketed under several brand names, including Efficib, Janmet, Januet, Janumet, Jznumet, Ristaben Met, Ristfor, Siglimet, Sitamet, Sitar-M, Sliptin-M, Treviamet, Velmetia, Istamet, Emsita, Sitaglyn, Sitazit-M, and Zaxoran.

References

1. ^ "Metformin / sitagliptin Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
2. "Sitagliptin/metformin Sandoz XR (Sandoz Pty Ltd)". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 2 June 2023. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
3. "Product monograph brand safety updates". Health Canada. February 2024. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
4. "Janumet 50 mg/1000 mg film-coated tablets - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 25 November 2020. Archived from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 5 December 2020.
5. ^ "Janumet- sitagliptin and metformin hydrochloride tablet, film coated". DailyMed. 12 August 2019. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 5 December 2020.
6. ^ "Janumet XR- sitagliptin and metformin hydrochloride tablet, film coated, extended release". DailyMed. Archived from the original on 29 October 2020. Retrieved 5 December 2020.
7. ^ "Janumet EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 9 December 2009. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 5 December 2020.
8. ^ "Efficib EPAR". European Medicines Agency. 16 July 2008. Retrieved 25 July 2024.
9. "Velmetia EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 16 July 2008. Retrieved 19 October 2024.
10. ^ British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 682. ISBN 9780857113382.
11. Hayes J, Anderson R, Stephens JW (2016). "Sitagliptin/metformin fixed-dose combination in type 2 diabetes mellitus: an evidence-based review of its place in therapy". Drug Design, Development and Therapy. 10: 2263–70. doi:10.2147/DDDT.S93076. PMC 4958358. PMID 27486305.
12. "The Top 300 of 2022". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 30 August 2024. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
13. "Metformin; Sitagliptin Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2022". ClinCalc. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
14. "Sitagliptin / Metformin hydrochloride Accord EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 17 May 2022. Archived from the original on 3 August 2022. Retrieved 3 August 2022.
15. "Sitagliptin / Metformin hydrochloride Sun: Pending EC decision". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 26 January 2023. Archived from the original on 27 January 2023. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
16. ^ "New studies show diabetes drug not proven to improve blood sugar control in pediatric patients". U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 4 December 2020. Archived from the original on 4 December 2020. Retrieved 5 December 2020. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
17. "International brands for Sitagliptin/metformin". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 23 August 2019. Retrieved 3 September 2018.

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