| Jorge Chávez | |
|---|---|
 Chávez from his Bleriot XI, 1910 | |
| Born | January 13, 1887 (1887-06-13) Paris, French Third Republic |
| Died | September 27, 1910 (1910-09-28) (aged 23) Domodossola, Kingdom of Italy |
| Nationality | Peruvian |
| Occupation | Aviator |
| Parent(s) | Manuel Chávez Moreyra María Rosa Dartnell y Guisse |
Jorge Antonio Chávez Dartnell (January 13, 1887 – September 27, 1910), also known as Géo Chávez, was a Peruvian aviator. At a young age, he achieved fame for his aeronautical feats. He died in 1910 after a heavy wind broke the wings of his fragile airplane Bleriot XI, falling from a twenty-meter height upon landing, after achieving the first air crossing of the Pennine Alps.
Early life
Jorge Chávez Dartnell was born in Paris, France to Peruvian parents Manuel Chávez Moreyra and María Rosa Dartnell y Guisse. He studied at the Violet School, from which he graduated with an engineer's degree in 1908.
Career
Chávez attended the school of aviation established by Henry and Maurice Farman where he got his pilot license and undertook his first flight in Reims on February 28, 1910. Afterwards he participated in several aviation competitions throughout France and other European countries. On August 8 of the same year he took a Blériot monoplane to Blackpool, England where he achieved fame after attaining an altitude of 1,647 meters (5,405 ft). He improved his mark by flying at 2,700 meters (8,700 ft) over the city of Issy, France on September 6.
Death
After this successful series, Chávez decided to undertake the first air crossing of the Pennine Alps (but not the Alps). This attempt was made in response to a prize of $20,000 offered by the Aero Club of Italy for the first aviator to make the trip alive. After several delays due to bad weather, he took off from Ried-Brig, Switzerland on September 23, 1910, and made his way through the Simplon Pass. Before departing he said, "Whatever happens, I shall be found on the other side of the Alps". Fifty-one minutes later he arrived at his destination, the city of Domodossola, Italy, but his plane crashed upon landing. It is believed that the airplane had been damaged previously and inadequately repaired, which caused the aircraft to break under the heavy winds of the mountains. Badly injured but conscious, Chávez was taken to San Biaggio Hospital of Domodossola, where he was officially declared winner of the competition and received telegrams from all over the world congratulating him for his achievement. He also received the visit of the president of the Aero Club of Italy and gave one last interview to his friend the journalist Luigi Barzini, telling all the details of his flight. He died four days later of massive blood loss. His last words were, "Higher. Always higher", according to the testimony of his friend and fellow aviator Juan Bielovucic.
Legacy
The death of Jorge Chávez caused great commotion in the aviation world. Brig and Domodossola, the start and end points of his last flight, dedicated monuments to the lost aviator. In Peru, Chávez became an icon for aviation-related institutions such as the Air Force. His remains were initially buried in France but repatriated to Peru in 1957, where they currently rest at the Officer's School of the Peruvian Air Force at Las Palmas. The International Airport of Lima, inaugurated in 1960, is named after him. A life-sized replica of Chávez famous Blériot XI monoplane is still on display at the air terminal. As Chavez spent most of his flying career in France with French-made aeroplanes and was very popular in France at the time, the city of Paris named a street after him in the 20th Borough (20° arrondissement) of Paris.
He appears as a character in scenes drawing upon his real-life tragic flight over the Alps in John Berger's novel G. (1972), awarded the Booker Prize in 1972.
Gallery
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Monument to Jorge Chávez in Lima, Perú
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Memorial to Jorge Chávez in the market square of Brig
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Monument to Jorge Chávez in Domodossola
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Monument to Jorge Chávez in Brig
See also
- 1910 in aviation
- Jorge Chávez International Airport
- List of aviators killed in aircraft crashes
- Oskar Bider
Notes
- Museo Aeronáutico del Perú, Jorge Chávez Archived 2018-05-14 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved on May 30, 2007.
- Alberto Tauro del Pino, Enciclopedia Ilustrada del Perú, vol. IV, p. 607.
- ^ John Warth, "Adventurers of the Air". Retrieved on May 30, 2007.
- Jorge Basadre, Historia de la República del Perú, vol. VIII, p. 383.
- ^ Jorge Basadre, Historia de la República del Perú, vol. VIII, p. 384.
- "Jorge Chávez, un Peruano Nacido en Francia". www.jorgechavezdartnell.com. Archived from the original on 2010-09-08.
- Jorge Basadre, Historia de la República del Perú, vol. VIII, pp. 384-385.
- Jorge Basadre, Historia de la República del Perú, vol. VIII, p. 385.
Bibliography
- (in Spanish) Basadre, Jorge. Historia de la República del Perú. Lima: Editorial Universitaria, 1983.
- (in Spanish) Museo Aeronáutico del Perú. Jorge Chávez Archived 2018-05-14 at the Wayback Machine.
- (in Spanish) Tauro del Pino, Alberto. Enciclopedia Ilustrada del Perú. Lima: Peisa, 2003.
- Warth, John. "Adventurers of the Air". In Whitney, Caspar (Editor). Collier’s Aviation Pioneers. 1911.
External links
- (in English, Spanish, Italian, and French) Jorge Chavez complete Biography
- (in Spanish) Biography
- (in English) Jorge Chávez at EarlyAviators.com
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