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KiHa 52
KiHa 52 in old JNR two tone vermilion and beige livery
In service	1958–present
Constructed	1957–1966
Refurbished	2020-2021 (PNR)
Number built	112 vehicles
Number in service	1 vehicle in Japan 2 vehicles in Myanmar (as of 2020) 1 vehicle in the Philippines (as of 2020)
Number preserved	3 (KiHa 52-115; 52-130; 52-156)
Number scrapped	105 vehicles
Successor	KiHa 120 (JR East) PNR 8000 class (PNR)
Formation	1/2/3 cars
Fleet numbers	KiHa 52 1 - 56 KiHa 52 101 - 156
Capacity	88
Operators	JNR (1958–1987) JR East (1987–2010) JR West (1987–2010) JR Shikoku (1987–1990) JR Kyushu (1987–2002) Myanmar Railways (2007–2016; 2020-present) Isumi Railway (2011–present) PNR (2012–2020; 2021–present as a rescue train)
Depots	Tutuban, Naga (PNR)
Lines served	PNR Metro Commuter Line PNR South Main Line Isumi line
Specifications
Car body construction	Steel
Car length	21,300 mm (69 ft 11 in)
Width	2,928 mm (9 ft 7.3 in)
Height	3,925 mm (12 ft 10.5 in)
Entry	Step
Doors	2 single-leaf sliding doors per side
Weight	35.5–36.6 t (34.9–36.0 long tons; 39.1–40.3 short tons)
Prime mover(s)	DMH17C/H
Engine type	Diesel
Power output	2 x 180 hp (130 kW)
Bogies	DT22
Coupling system	AAR coupler
Multiple working	Various DMUs in Japan PNR 900 Class
Track gauge	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge (Myanmar)
Notes/references
Relegated to work train in 2021.

The KiHa 52 (キハ52形, Kiha-gojūni-gata) is a Japanese diesel multiple unit (DMU) type formerly operated by Japanese National Railways (JNR); JR Group companies such as JR East, JR West, JR Shikoku & JR Kyushu; and later by the private railway operator Isumi Railway based in Chiba, Japan, by overseas operators such as Myanmar Railways in Myanmar, and the Philippine National Railways in the Philippines.

112 KiHa 52 cars were built for Japanese National Railways between 1958 and 1966. The design was based on the KiHa 20 series "general purpose" DMU type, but with two engines for use on mountainous lines.

Variants

• KiHa 52 1 – 56: Built 1958–1962
• KiHa 52 101 – 156: Built 1963–1966
• KiHa 52 651: Converted from KiHa 52 101

Livery variations

JNR-era liveries

• Two JR-West KiHa 52 cars in original JNR two-tone liveries in September 2008
• KiHa 52 156 in "metropolitan" all-over red livery in August 2009
• KiHa 52 125 in JNR two-tone blue & beige livery in August 2008

JR-era regional liveries

• KiHa 52 114 in JR Kyushu livery in August 1993
• KiHa 52 125 in "Oito Line" livery in December 1999
• JR East KiHa 52s in "Morioka" livery in August 2006
• A JR East KiHa 52 in "Niigata" livery in September 2008

Resale

Following withdrawal of the last remaining examples operated by JR-West, one car, KiHa 52 125, was resold to the private operator Isumi Railway in Chiba Prefecture in April 2011. This unit was built in 1965, and formerly operated on the Etsumi-Hoku Line and Ōito Line in the Hokuriku region until 2010.

• KiHa 52 125 in JNR two-tone blue & beige livery in May 2011
• KiHa 52 125 in May 2011 after repainting into original JNR two-tone vermillion & beige livery

Overseas operations

Myanmar

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Seventeen former KiHa 52 Diesel Railcars were shipped to Myanmar to be operated by Myanmar Railways between 2007 and 2008. The following cars were transferred to Myanmar as shown:

Philippines

Seven former JR East KiHa 52 cars originally based at JR East Niitsu Transportation Zone were donated in September 2011 to the Philippine National Railways (PNR), where they were used on commuter services in the Manila area. In October 2013, the trains were normally operated as two 3-car formations. The seventh car, KiHa 52 123, in Niigata livery, was taken out of service after operating for only seven months, and is stored at Tutuban Depot as a source of spare parts for the rest of the fleet.

The trainsets were retired from passenger service in 2020 and they were replaced by Indonesian-built PNR 8000 class DMUs on the PNR North Main Line. KiHa 52-122 was later refurbished as the newest member of PNR's maintenance fleet in Caloocan, named the "Rescue Train" with the orange livery. The other two units from the KiHa-O trainset are still in storage in Tutuban as of October 2021. KiHa-B trainsets on the other hand were already retired in 2016 and Bicol trainsets were replaced by KiHa 35s.

The former toilets in each car are locked out of use.

Formation

During their service as commuter trains, the two three-car sets were referred to as "KiHa-O" (for orange) and "KiHa-B" (for blue) named after the liveries they carry. They were formed as shown below.

Preserved examples

In addition to KiHa 52 125 operated on the Isumi Railway, as of 2014 three Kiha 52 cars are preserved in Japan, as listed below.

• KiHa 52 115: Former Tsuyama Depot roundhouse, Tsuyama, Okayama
• KiHa 52 130: Osumi Line Memorial Park, Shibushi, Kagoshima
• KiHa 52 156: Inside Itoigawa Geostation Geopal at Itoigawa Station in Itoigawa, Niigata

References

1. ^ "キハ52車両概要" (in Japanese). Retrieved 4 February 2022.
2. ^ Kusamachi, Yoshikazu (29 January 2014). いすみ鉄道のキハ52、3月から「首都圏色」に [Isumi Railway's KiHa 52 to be repainted into Metropolitan Livery from March]. Response (in Japanese). Retrieved 14 June 2014.
3. ^ JR全車輛ハンドブック'92 [JR Rolling Stock Handbook 1992]. Japan: Neko Publishing. 1992. p. 296.
4. ^ Saito, Miko (March 2014). フィリピン国鉄南方線の日本型車両 [Japanese rolling stock on the PNR Southern Line]. The Railway Pictorial (in Japanese). 64 (887): 64–72.
5. DEL DMU KIHA TRAIN SCENE RSM CALOOCAN SHOP. 5 July 2021. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
6. Jimena, Jared (10 October 2021). Tres Marias. Retrieved 14 October 2021. (registration required)
7. Peadon, Brad (March 2020). Diesel Multiple & Electric Multiple Units. PNR Rolling Stock Update (Report). Vol. III.
8. Sasada, Masahiro (25 November 2014). 国鉄&jr 保存車大全 2015-2016 国鉄&JR保存車大全2015-2016 [JNR & JR Preserved Rolling Stock Complete Guide 2015-2016] (in Japanese). Tokyo, Japan: Ikaros Publications Ltd. p. 125. ISBN 978-4863209282.
9. ジオステーション ジオパル [Geostation Geopal]. Itoigawa Sightseeing (in Japanese). Japan: Itoigawa Sightseeing Association. Archived from the original on 10 January 2017. Retrieved 10 January 2017.

v t e Multiple-units of East Japan Railway Company
Current / active	Shinkansen       AC EMUs E2 E3 E5 E6 E7 E8 Conventional lines (Narrow- gauge) DC EMUs Commuter E127 E129 E131 205 209 211 E217 E231 E233 E235 Limited express 253 255 E257 E259 E261 E353 AC/DC EMUs Commuter E501 E531 Limited express E653 E655 E657 AC EMUs Commuter 701 719 E721 Limited express E751 BEMUs DC EV-E301 AC EV-E801 DMUs Diesel KiHa 40 KiHa 100/110 KiHa E120 KiHa E130 KiHa 141 Diesel-electric GV-E400 Hybrid MUs Commuter KiHa E200 HB-E210 Resort/deluxe trains E001 HB-E300 Non-revenue AC EMU E926 "East-i" E956 DC EMUs 143 145 AC/DC EMU E491 E493 DMUs Diesel KiYa E193 KiYa E195 Diesel-electric GV-E197
Future	Conventional lines         Fuel cell EMUs FV-E991 Hybrid MUs HB-E220
Retired / withdrawn	Shinkansen       AC EMUs 200 400 E1 E4 Conventional lines DC EMUs Commuter KuMoHa 12 KuMoHa 40 101 103 105 107 113 115 123 201 203 207 301 Limited express 157 165 167 169 183 185 189 215 251 E351 AC/DC EMUs Commuter 403 415 417 453 455 457 Limited express 483 485 489 583 651 AC EMUs 715 717 DMUs KiHa 20 KiHa 30 KiHa 35 KiHa 37 KiHa 38 KiHa 45 KiHa 52 KiHa 58 KiHa 59 Non-revenue AC EMUs 925 STAR21 KuMoYa 740 KuMoYa 743 DC EMUs KuMoYa 90 193 901 E993   AC/DC EMUs KuMoYa 441 443 KuYa 497 E991 DMU KiYa 191 Hybrid MU KiYa E991 DC BEMU E995
Experimental	Fastech 360 E331

v t e Multiple units of West Japan Railway Company
Current / active	Shinkansen       AC EMUs 500 700 N700 N700S W7 Conventional lines (Narrow- gauge) DC EMUs 103 105 113 115 117 123 125 201 205 207 213 221 223 225 227 321 323 271 273 281 283 285 287 289 AC/DC EMUs 521 681 683 DMUs KiHa 40 KiHa 120 KiHa 121/126 [ja] KiHa 122/127 87 KiHa 187 KiHa 189 Non-revenue EMU 923-3000 145 [ja] Diesel KiYa 141 [ja] KiYa 143 Diesel-electric DEC700 DEC741
Retired / withdrawn	Shinkansen       AC EMUs 0 100 300 Conventional lines DC EMUs KuMoHa 42 [ja] KuMoNi 83 [ja] KuMoHa 84 [ja] 101 211 165 167 183 381 AC/DC EMUs 413 415 419 457 471 475 485 489 583 DMUs KiHa 20 KiHa 30/35 KiHa 33 [ja] KiHa 37 [ja] KiHa 38 KiHa 23/53 [ja] KiHa 52 KiHa 58/28 [ja] KiHa 65 [ja] KiHa 181 Non-revenue EMU 922-20 WIN350 KuMoYa 90 [ja] KuMoYa 91 [ja] KuMoYa 441 [ja] 443 [ja] U@tech (223/213) DMU KiYa 191 [ja]

v t e Multiple units of Shikoku Railway Company
Current / active	EMUs 5000 6000 7000 7200 8000 8600 DMUs KiHa 32 KiHa 40 KiHa 54 KiHa 185 1000 1200 1500 2000 2600 2700
Retired / withdrawn	EMU 111 113 121 DMUs KiHa 20 KiHa 30 KiHa 35 KiHa 45 KiHa 52 KiHa 57 KiHa 58 KiHa 65 KiHa 181

v t e Multiple units of Kyushu Railway Company
Current / active	AC EMUs (Shinkansen) 800 N700 N700S DC EMUs 103 303 305 AC/DC EMUs 415 AC EMUs 713 783 787 811 813 815 817 821 883 885 BEC819 DMUs KiHa 31 KiHa 40 KiHa 66 KiHa 71 KiHa 72 KiHa 125 KiHa 183 KiHa 185 KiHa 200 Hybrid DEMUs YC1
Retired / withdrawn	AC/DC EMUs 421 423 455 457 475 485 AC EMUs 715 717 DMUs KiHa 20 KiHa 35 KiHa 45 KiHa 52 KiHa 58 KiHa 65

• East Japan Railway Company
• West Japan Railway Company
• Diesel multiple units of Japan
• Diesel multiple units of the Philippines
• Japanese National Railways
• Kyushu Railway Company
• Philippine National Railways
• Train-related introductions in 1958