Within the South-West Indian Ocean, the term tropical cyclone is reserved for those systems, that have winds of at least 65 knots (120 km/h; 75 mph). It is the third-highest classification used within the South-West Indian Ocean to classify tropical cyclones with.
Background
The South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclone basin is located to the south of the Equator between Africa and 90°E. The basin is officially monitored by Météo-France who run the Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre in La Réunion, while other meteorological services such as the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, Mauritius Meteorological Service as well as the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center also monitor the basin. Within the basin a tropical cyclone is a tropical system that has 10-minute maximum sustained wind speeds between 65–89 knots (120–165 km/h; 75–100 mph).
Systems
| Name | Duration | Peak intensity | Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed | Pressure | ||||||
| Marcelle | 29 April – 9 May, 1973 | 130 km/h (80 mph) | 973 hPa (28.73 inHg) | South-Western Australia | Unknown | None | |
| Bernadette | October 16 – 28, 1973 | 150 km/h (90 mph) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | None | None | None | |
| Robyn-Deborah | February 14 – 29, 1975 | 150 km/h (90 mph) | 964 hPa (28.47 inHg) | Madagascar | |||
| Barbara | December 3 – 19, 1975 | 175 km/h (110 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | None | None | None | |
| Naomi | April 21 – May 2, 1983 | 150 km/h (90 mph) | 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) | None | None | None | |
| Oscar | October 22 – November 1, 1983 | 140 km/h (85 mph) | 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) | None | None | None | |
| Konita | May 2 – 5, 1993 | 130 km/h (80 mph) | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) | None | None | None | |
| Kesiny | May 2 — 5, 2002 | 130 km/h (80 mph) | 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) | Madagascar | Unknown | 33 | |
| Manou | May 1–13, 2003 | 155 km/h (100 mph) | 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) | Madagascar | Unknown | 89 | |
| Joalane | April 2–11 | 140 km/h (85 mph) | 962 hPa (28.41 inHg) | No land areas | None | None | |
| Carlos | February 2 – 10, 2017 | 130 km/h (80 mph) | 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) | Réunion, Mauritius | None | None | |
| Dineo | February 13–17 | 140 km/h (85 mph) | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) | Mozambique, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Malawi | $217 million | 280 | |
| Ava | December 27 – January 9 | 155 km/h (100 mph) | 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) | Madagascar | $4.62 million | 73 | |
| Irving | January 6–9, 2018 | 150 km/h (90 mph) | 964 hPa (28.47 inHg) | No land areas | None | None | |
| Fakir | April 20–24, 2018 | 130 km/h (80 mph) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | Madagascar, Réunion, Mauritius | $24.5 million | 2 | |
| Savannah | March 18, 2019 | 165 km/h (105 mph) | 966 hPa (28.53 inHg) | No land areas | None | None | |
| Lorna | April 28–29, 2019 | 150 km/h (90 mph) | 964 hPa (28.47 inHg) | No land areas | None | None | |
| Belna | December 7–9, 2019 | 155 km/h (100 mph) | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) | Seychelles, Mayotte, Comoros, Madagascar | $25 million | 9 | |
| Calvinia | December 31, 2019 – January 1, 2020 | 120 km/h (75 mph) | 972 hPa (28.70 inHg) | Mauritius, Rodrigues | Unknown | None | |
| Gabekile | February 16, 2020 | 130 km/h (80 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | No land areas | None | None | |
| Alicia | November 12, 2020 | 130 km/h (80 mph) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | No land areas | None | None | |
| Eloise | January 22–23, 2021 | 150 km/h (90 mph) | 967 hPa (28.56 inHg) | Madagascar, Mozambique, Malawi, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Eswatini | $10 million | 27 | |
| Guambe | February 19–20, 2021 | 165 km/h (105 mph) | 953 hPa (28.14 inHg) | Madagascar, Mozambique, South Africa, Eswatini | $1 million | None | |
| Marian | March 1–2, 2021 | 165 km/h (105 mph) | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) | None | None | None | |
| Jobo | April 21, 2021 | 120 km/h (75 mph) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Seychelles, Madagascar, Tanzania | Unknown | 22 | |
| Gombe | March 11, 2022 | 155 km/h (100 mph) | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) | Madagascar, Mozambique, Malawi | $95 million | 72 | |
| Cheneso | January 25–27, 2023 | 130 km/h (80 mph) | 959 hPa (28.32 inHg) | Madagascar | Unknown | 33 | |
| Dingani | February 12–14, 2023 | 140 km/h (85 mph) | 971 hPa (28.67 inHg) | None | None | None | |
| Enala | February 23, 2023 | 120 km/h (75 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | None | None | None | |
| Alvaro | December 30, 2023 — January 3, 2024 | 120 km/h (75 mph) | 982 hPa (29.00 inHg) | Mozambique, Madagascar | Unknown | 19 | |
| Belal | January 14–17, 2024 | 140 km/h (85 mph) | 969 hPa (28.61 inHg) | Mauritius, Réunion | Unknown | 5 | |
| Gamane | March 25–28, 2024 | 150 km/h (90 mph) | 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) | Madagascar | Unknown | 19 | |
| Hidaya | April 30–May 4, 2024 | 130 km/h (80 mph) | 976 hPa (28.82 inHg) | Seychelles, Comoro Islands, Tanzania, Kenya | Unknown | 1 | |
| Ialy | May 21, 2024 | 120 km/h (75 mph) | 983 hPa (29.03 inHg) | Seychelles, Madagascar, Tanzania, Kenya, Somalia | None | None | |
Climatology
| Month | Number of storms |
|---|---|
| January | 4 |
| February | 7 |
| March | 4 |
| April | 7 |
| May | 3 |
| June | 0 |
| July | 0 |
| August | 0 |
| September | 0 |
| October | 2 |
| November | 0 |
| December | 2 |
| Decade | Number of storms |
|---|---|
| 1970s | 0 |
| 1980s | 0 |
| 1990s | 0 |
| 2000s | 0 |
| 2010s | 2 |
| 2020s | 1 |
See also
Notes
- ^ The windspeeds and minimum pressure estimates for these systems, are taken from the archives of the Australian Bureau of Meteorology and compared to the intensity scale for the South-West Indian Ocean.
References
- ^ RA I Tropical Cyclone Committee (2023). Tropical Cyclone Operational Plan for the South-West Indian Ocean (PDF) (Report). World Meteorological Organization.
- "1973 Tropical Cyclone Marcelle (1973119S09087)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
- Tropical Cyclone Marcelle 29 April 1973 - 9 May 1973 (PDF) (Report). Australian Bureau of Meteorology. August 13, 2009. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 28, 2012. Retrieved February 21, 2012.
- "Saison 1973-1974 des perturbations tropicales dans l'océan indien du sud-ouest" [1973-1974 Tropical disturbance season in the southwestern Indian Ocean]. Météorologie Maritime (in French). No. 87. 1975. pp. 46–49. ISSN 0222-5123.
- "1970 Tropical Cyclone Deborah-Robyn (1975014S11091)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 5, 2022.
- "Saison 1975-1976 des perturbations tropicales dans l'océan indien du sud-ouest" [1975-1976 Tropical disturbance season in the southwestern Indian Ocean]. Météorologie Maritime (in French). No. 95. 1977. pp. 44–48. ISSN 0222-5123.
- "1983 Tropical Cyclone Naomi (1983110S12080)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
- "1983 Tropical Cyclone Oscar (1983295S08089)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
- "1993 Intense Tropical Cyclone Konita (1993120S10075)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
- RSMC La Réunion Tropical Cyclone Centre. South-West Indian Ocean Cyclone Season: 2001–02 (Tropical Cyclone Seasonal Summary). Météo-France.
- "Madagascar's cyclone death toll reaches 70". ReliefWeb. Pan African News Agency. May 19, 2003. Retrieved April 19, 2013.
- Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters. "EM-DAT: The Emergency Events Database". Université catholique de Louvain.
- "Storm Dineo kills at least seven people in Mozambique – govt". Times Live. Reuters. February 16, 2017. Retrieved February 16, 2017.
- "Flash Appeal: Emergency Response Plan for Mozambique – Cyclone Dineo" (PDF). ReliefWeb. UN Country Team in Mozambique. February 28, 2017. Retrieved March 1, 2017.
- "Global Catastrophe Recap March 2017" (PDF). Aon Benfield. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
- Ny Aina Rahaga (January 23, 2018). "10 milliards d'Ariary pour le rétablissement de l'électricité après le cyclone AVA" (in French). Madagascar Tribune. Retrieved February 1, 2018.
- "Global Catastrophe Recap January 2018" (PDF). thoughtleadership.aonbenfield.com. Aon Benfield. Retrieved February 10, 2018.
- "Tropical Storm Fakir turns deadly after unleashing destructive winds, mudslides on La Réunion". AccuWeather. April 26, 2018. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
- "Global Catastrophe Recap April 2018" (PDF). thoughtleadership.aonbenfield.com. Aon Benfield. Retrieved May 17, 2018.
- "Cyclone Savannah du 13/03/2019 au 22/03/2019" [Cyclone Savannah from 13/03/2019 to 22/03/2019]. Météo-France. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
- "2019 Intense Tropical Cyclone Lorna (2019112S04079)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
- "Cyclone Belna du 02/12/2019 au 11/12/2019" [Cyclone Belna from 02/12/2019 to 11/12/2019]. Météo-France. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
- "Cyclone Calvinia du 27/12/2019 au 03/01/2020" [Cyclone Calvinia from 27/12/2019 to 03/01/2020]. Météo-France. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
- "Cyclone Gabekile du 13/02/2020 au 24/02/2020" [Cyclone Gabekile from 13/02/2020 to 24/02/2020]. Météo-France. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
- "Global Catastrophe Recap – January 2021" (PDF). Aon Benfield. February 9, 2021. p. 7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
- Global Catastrophe Recap July 2021 (PDF) (Report). Aon Benfield. August 10, 2021. Retrieved August 11, 2021.