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A Severe Cyclonic Storm is a category used by the India Meteorological Department (IMD) to classify tropical cyclones, within the North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone basin between the Malay Peninsula and the Arabian Peninsula. Within the basin, a severe cyclonic storm is defined as a tropical cyclone that has 3-minute mean maximum sustained wind speeds of between 48–63 knots (89–117 km/h; 55–72 mph). The category was historically used to classify all tropical cyclones with winds above 48 knots (89 km/h; 55 mph), however, it was bifurcated during 1988, when the IMD introduced a new category called Severe Cyclonic Storm with a core of hurricane winds. This new category was later further refined into Very Severe Cyclonic Storms, Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storms and Super Cyclonic Storms during 1999 and 2015.

Background

The North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone basin is located to the north of the Equator, and encompasses the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea, between the Malay Peninsula and the Arabian Peninsula. The basin is officially monitored by the India Meteorological Department's Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in New Delhi, however, other national meteorological services such as the Bangladesh and Pakistan Meteorological Department's also monitor the basin.

The Severe Cyclonic Storm category was historically used to classify all tropical cyclones with winds above 48 knots (89 km/h; 55 mph), however, it was bifurcated during 1988, when the IMD introduced a new category called Severe Cyclonic Storm with a core of hurricane winds for all systems above 64 knots (119 km/h; 74 mph). This new category was later further refined into Very Severe Cyclonic Storms, Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storms and Super Cyclonic Storms during 1999 and 2015. As a result, Severe Cyclonic Storms are currently estimated, to have 3-minute sustained wind speeds of between 48–64 kn (89–119 km/h; 55–74 mph).

Systems

Climatology

References

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4. India Weather Review Annual Summary — Part-C: Storms and Depressions 1968 (PDF) (Report). India Meteorological Department. 1969. Retrieved May 26, 2020.
5. India Weather Review Annual Summary — Part-C: Storms and Depressions 1970 (PDF) (Report). India Meteorological Department. 1971. Retrieved May 26, 2020.
6. ^ Das, P K; George, C A; Jambunathan, R (1972). "Cyclones and Depressions of 1971 - Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea" (PDF). Mausam. 23 (4): 453–466. doi:10.54302/mausam.v23i4.5305. S2CID 247037040.
7. ^ Alexander, George; George, C A; Jambunathan, R (1974). "Cyclones and Depressions of 1973 - Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea" (PDF). Mausam. 25 (3 & 4): 453–466. doi:10.54302/mausam.v25i3.5240. S2CID 249031839.
8. ^ Alexander, George; Bhaskara Rao, N S; Jambunathan, R (1976). "Cyclones and Depressions of 1974 - Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea" (PDF). Mausam. 27 (2): 113–126. doi:10.54302/mausam.v27i2.2417. S2CID 246971391.
9. Alexander, George; Srinivasan, V; Jambunathan, R (1977). "Cyclones and Depressions of 1975 - Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea" (PDF). Mausam. 28 (1): 3–20. doi:10.54302/mausam.v28i1.2655. S2CID 246968196.
10. ^ Pant P S; Srinivasan, V; Ramakrishnan, A R; Jambunathan, R (1978). "Cyclones and Depressions of 1976 - Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea" (PDF). Mausam. 29 (4): 613–628. doi:10.54302/mausam.v29i4.2939. S2CID 247044132.
11. ^ Pant, P S; Ramakrishnan, A R; Jamdunathan, R (1980). "Cyclones and Depressions over the Indian Seas in 1977" (PDF). Mausam. 31 (3): 337–356. doi:10.54302/mausam.v31i3.3533. S2CID 246784388.
12. ^ Mukherjee, A K; Ramakrishnan, A R; Jamdunathan, R (1981). "Cyclones and Depressions over the Indian Seas in 1979" (PDF). Mausam. 32 (2): 115–126. doi:10.54302/mausam.v32i2.3398. S2CID 246848511. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
13. Mukherjee, A K; Ramakrishnan, A R; Jamdunathan, R. "Cyclones and Depressions over the Indian Seas in 1981" (PDF). Mausam. 34 (1): 1–8. doi:10.54302/mausam.v34i1.2029. S2CID 246915439. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
14. ^ "IMD Best track data 1982-2022" (xls). India Meteorological Department. A guide on how to read the database is available here.
15. Report on Cyclonic Disturbances (Depressions and Tropical Cyclones) over North Indian Ocean in 1990 (PDF) (Report). India Meteorological Department. January 1991. pp. 24–40. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 January 2015. Retrieved May 17, 2020.
16. http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/pdf/publications/annual-rsmc-report/rsmc-2009.pdf
17. "2.14. Severe Cyclonic Storm "Phethai" over southeast Bay of Bengal (December 13–18, 2018)" (PDF). Report on Cyclonic Disturbances (Depressions and Tropical Cyclones) over North Indian Ocean in 2018 (Report). India Meteorological Department. July 2019. pp. 242–267. Retrieved May 17, 2020.
18. Gangan, Surendra; Venkatraman, Tanushree (5 June 2020). "Cyclone Nisarga: Crops on 8,000 hectares destroyed in Maharashtra". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
19. "Chennai rain death toll rises to 17 as Cyclone Michaung makes landfall in Andhra Pradesh". Indian Express. 5 December 2023. Archived from the original on 6 December 2023. Retrieved 6 December 2023.

External links

• RSMC New Delhi

• Severe cyclonic storms
• Lists of tropical cyclones by intensity