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List of fishes of the North Sea

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List of fish of the North Sea consists of 201 species, both indigenous, and also introduced, listed in systematic index. It includes 40 species of Chondrichthyes, three species of Agnatha, the other are bony fishes.

The following tags are used to indicate the conservation status of species by IUCN's criteria:

EX Extinct
CR Critically endangered
EN Endangered
VU Vulnerable
NT Near threatened
LC Least concern
DD Data deficient
NE Not evaluated

All the listed species are classified by their origin as native, introduced, invasive, and species found accidentally (difficult to characterize as native or invasive).

List

Scientific name Taxa authority English name Origin IUCN status Image
Ordo: Myxiniformes
Family: Myxinidae
Myxine glutinosa Linnaeus, 1758 Atlantic hagfish Native Least concern
Ordo: Petromyzontiformes
Family: Petromyzontidae
Lampetra fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758) European river lamprey Native Least concern
Petromyzon marinus Linnaeus, 1758 Sea lamprey Native Least concern
Ordo: Chimaeriformes
Family: Chimaeridae
Chimaera monstrosa Linnaeus, 1758 Rabbit fish Native Near threatened
Ordo: Squaliformes
Family: Somniosidae
Centroscymnus coelolepis (du Bocage & Capello, 1864) Portuguese dogfish Native Near threatened
Centroselachus crepidater (du Bocage & Capello, 1864) Longnose velvet dogfish Native Least concern
Somniosus microcephalus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 Greenland shark Native Near threatened
Family: Centrophoridae
Centrophorus squamosus (Bonnaterre, 1788) Leafscale gulper shark Native Vulnerable
Deania calcea (Lowe, 1839) Birdbeak dogfish Native Least concern
Family: Dalatiidae
Dalatias licha (Bonnaterre, 1788) Kitefin shark Native Near threatened
Family: Echinorhinidae
Echinorhinus brucus (Bonnaterre, 1788) Bramble shark Native Data deficient
Family: Etmopteridae
Etmopterus princeps (Collett, 1904) Great lanternshark Native Data deficient
Etmopterus spinax (Linnaeus, 1758) Velvet belly lanternshark Native Least concern
Family: Squalidae
Squalus acanthias Linnaeus, 1758 Spiny dogfish Native Vulnerable
Ordo: Squatiniformes
Family: Squatinidae
Squatina squatina (Linnaeus, 1758) Angelshark Native Critically endangered
Ordo: Hexanchiformes
Family: Hexanchidae
Hexanchus griseus (Bonnaterre, 1788) Bluntnose sixgill shark Native Near threatened
Ordo: Lamniformes
Family: Alopiidae
Alopias vulpinus (Bonnaterre, 1788) Common thresher Native Vulnerable
Family: Cetorhinidae
Cetorhinus maximus (Gunnerus, 1765) Basking shark Native Vulnerable
Family: Lamnidae
Lamna nasus (Bonnaterre, 1788) Porbeagle Native Vulnerable
Ordo: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Carcharhinidae
Galeorhinus galeus (Linnaeus, 1758) School shark Native Vulnerable
Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758) Blue shark Native Near threatened
Family: Triakidae
Mustelus asterias Cloquet, 1821 Starry smooth-hound Native Least concern
Family: Scyliorhinidae
Galeus melastomus Rafinesque, 1810 Blackmouth catshark Native Least concern
Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758) Small-spotted catshark Native Least concern
Scyliorhinus stellaris (Linnaeus, 1758) Nursehound Native Near threatened
Ordo: Torpediniformes
Family: Torpedinidae
Torpedo marmorata Risso, 1810 Marbled electric ray Native Data deficient
Torpedo nobiliana Bonaparte, 1835 Atlantic torpedo Native Data deficient
Ordo: Rajiformes
Family: Rajidae
Amblyraja radiata (Donovan, 1808) Thorny skate Native Vulnerable
Dipturus batis (Linnaeus, 1758) Common skate Native Critically endangered
Dipturus linteus (Fries, 1838) Sailray Native Least concern
Dipturus nidarosiensis (Storm, 1881) Norwegian skate Native Near threatened
Dipturus oxyrinchus (Linnaeus, 1758) Longnosed skate Native Near threatened
Leucoraja circularis (Couch, 1838) Sandy ray Native Vulnerable
Leucoraja fullonica (Linnaeus, 1758) Shagreen ray Native Near threatened
Leucoraja naevus (Müller & Henle, 1841) Cuckoo ray Native Least concern
Raja brachyura Lafont, 1871 Blonde ray Native Near threatened
Raja clavata Linnaeus, 1758 Thornback ray Native Near threatened
Raja montagui (Fowler, 1910) Spotted ray Native Least concern
Rajella fyllae (Lütken, 1887) Round ray Native Least concern
Ordo: Myliobatiformes
Family: Dasyatidae
Dasyatis pastinaca (Linnaeus, 1758) Common stingray Native Data deficient
Pteroplatytrygon violacea (Bonaparte, 1832) Pelagic stingray Native Least concern
Myliobatis aquila (Linnaeus, 1758) Common eagle ray Native Data deficient
Ordo: Acipenseriformes
Family: Acipenseridae
Acipenser sturio Linnaeus, 1758 European sea sturgeon Native Critically endangered
Ordo: Anguilliformes
Family: Anguillidae
Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758) European eel Native Critically endangered
Conger conger (Linnaeus, 1758) European conger Native Not evaluated
Nemichthys scolopaceus Richardson, 1848 Slender snipe eel Native Not evaluated
Ordo: Clupeiformes
Family: Clupeidae
Alosa alosa (Linnaeus, 1758) Allis shad Native Least concern
Alosa fallax Lacépède, 1800 Twait shad Native Least concern
Clupea harengus Linnaeus, 1758 Atlantic herring Native Least concern
Engraulis encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758) European anchovy Native Not evaluated
Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792) European pilchard Native Not evaluated
Sprattus sprattus (Linnaeus, 1758) European sprat Native Not evaluated
Ordo: Argentiniformes
Family: Argentinidae
Argentina silus (Ascanius, 1775) Greater argentine Native Not evaluated
Argentina sphyraena Linnaeus, 1758 Argentine Native Not evaluated
Ordo: Salmoniformes
Family: Salmonidae
Coregonus oxyrinchus (Linnaeus, 1758) Houting Native Extinct
Salmo salar Linnaeus, 1758 Atlantic salmon Native Least concern
Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758 Brown trout Native Least concern
Salvelinus alpinus (Linnaeus, 1758) Arctic char Native Least concern
Ordo: Osmeriformes
Family: Osmeridae
Osmerus eperlanus (Linnaeus, 1758) European smelt Native Least concern
Ordo: Ophidiiformes
Family: Carapidae
Echiodon drummondii Thompson, 1837 Drummond's pearlfish Native Least concern
Ordo: Stomiiformes
Family: Sternoptychidae
Argyropelecus olfersii (Cuvier, 1829) Silver hatchetfish Native Not evaluated
Maurolicus muelleri (Gmelin, 1789) Mueller's pearlside Native Not evaluated
Ordo: Aulopiformes
Family: Paralepididae
Arctozenus risso (Bonaparte, 1840) Spotted barracudina Accidental Not evaluated
Paralepis coregonoides Risso, 1820 Sharpchin barracudina Native Not evaluated
Ordo: Myctophiformes
Family: Myctophidae
Benthosema glaciale (Reinhardt, 1837) Glacier lantern fish Accidental Not evaluated
Myctophum punctatum Rafinesque, 1810 Spotted lanternfish Native Not evaluated
Ordo: Gadiformes
Family: Gadidae
Gadiculus thori Schmidt, 1913 Silvery pout Native Not evaluated
Gadus morhua Linnaeus, 1758 Atlantic cod Native Vulnerable
Melanogrammus aeglefinus (Linnaeus, 1758) Haddock Native Vulnerable
Merlangius merlangus (Linnaeus, 1758) Whiting Native Not evaluated
Micromesistius poutassou (Risso, 1827) Blue whiting Native Not evaluated
Pollachius pollachius (Linnaeus, 1758) Pollack Native Not evaluated
Pollachius virens (Linnaeus, 1758) Coalfish Native Not evaluated
Raniceps raninus (Linnaeus, 1758) Tadpole fish Native Not evaluated
Trisopterus esmarkii Nilsson, 1855 Norway pout Native Not evaluated
Trisopterus luscus (Linnaeus, 1758) Pouting Native Not evaluated
Trisopterus minutus (Linnaeus, 1758) Poor cod Native Least concern
Family: Lotidae
Brosme brosme (Ascanius, 1772) Cusk Native Not evaluated
Ciliata mustela (Linnaeus, 1758) Fivebeard rockling Native Not evaluated
Ciliata septentrionalis (Collett, 1875) Northern rockling Native Not evaluated
Enchelyopus cimbrius (Linnaeus, 1766) Fourbeard rockling Native Not evaluated
Gaidropsarus mediterraneus (Linnaeus, 1758) Shore rockling Native Not evaluated
Gaidropsarus vulgaris (Cloquet, 1824) Three-bearded rockling Native Not evaluated
Molva dypterygia (Pennant, 1784) Blue ling Native Not evaluated
Molva molva (Linnaeus, 1758) Common ling Native Not evaluated
Coryphaenoides rupestris Gunnerus, 1765 Roundnose grenadier Native Not evaluated
Family: Merlucciidae
Merluccius merluccius (Linnaeus, 1758) European hake Native Not evaluated
Family: Phycidae
Phycis blennoides (Brünnich, 1768) Greater forkbeard Native Not evaluated
Ordo: Lampriformes
Family: Lampridae
Lampris guttatus (Brünnich, 1788) Opah Native Not evaluated
Family: Regalecidae
Regalecus glesne Ascanius, 1772 Giant oarfish Native Not evaluated
Family: Trachipteridae
Trachipterus arcticus (Brünnich, 1788) Dealfish Accidental Not evaluated
Ordo: Lophiiformes
Family: Lophiidae
Lophius budegassa Spinola, 1807 Blackbellied angler Native Not evaluated
Lophius piscatorius Linnaeus, 1758 Sea-devil Native Not evaluated
Ordo: Atheriniformes
Family: Atherinidae
Atherina boyeri Risso, 1810 Big-scale sand smelt Invasive Least concern
Atherina presbyter Cuvier, 1829 Sand smelt Native Not evaluated
Ordo: Beloniformes
Family: Belonidae
Belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761) Garfish Native Not evaluated
Family: Scomberesocidae
Scomberesox saurus (Walbaum, 1792) Atlantic saury Native Not evaluated
Family: Exocoetidae
Cheilopogon heterurus (Rafinesque, 1810) Mediterranean flyingfish Native Not evaluated
Ordo: Gasterosteiformes
Family: Gasterosteidae
Gasterosteus aculeatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Three-spined stickleback Native Least concern
Spinachia spinachia (Linnaeus, 1758) Fifteenspine stickleback Native Not evaluated
Ordo: Syngnathiformes
Family: Centriscidae
Macroramphosus scolopax (Linnaeus, 1758) Longspine snipefish Native Least concern
Family: Syngnathidae
Entelurus aequoreus (Linnaeus, 1758) Snake pipefish Native Not evaluated
Nerophis lumbriciformis (Jenyns, 1835) Worm pipefish Native Not evaluated
Nerophis ophidion (Linnaeus, 1758) Straightnose pipefish Native Not evaluated
Syngnathus acus Linnaeus, 1758 Greater pipefish Native Not evaluated
Syngnathus rostellatus Nilsson, 1855 Lesser pipefish Native Not evaluated
Syngnathus typhle Linnaeus, 1758 Broadnosed pipefish Native Not evaluated
Hippocampus hippocampus (Linnaeus, 1758) Short-snouted seahorse Native Data deficient
Ordo: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Aspius aspius Linnaeus, 1758 Asp Accidental Not evaluated
Ordo: Scorpaeniformes
Family: Agonidae
Agonus cataphractus (Linnaeus, 1758) Armed bullhead Native Not evaluated
Family: Cottidae
Artediellus atlanticus Jordan & Evermann, 1898 Atlantic hookear sculpin Native Least concern
Icelus bicornis (Reinhardt, 1840) Twohorn sculpin Native Not evaluated
Taurulus bubalis (Euphrasén, 1786) Longspined sea-scorpion Native Not evaluated
Micrenophrys lilljeborgii (Collett, 1875) Norway bullhead Native Not evaluated
Myoxocephalus scorpius (Linnaeus, 1758) Shorthorn sculpin Native Not evaluated
Family: Cyclopteridae
Cyclopterus lumpus Linnaeus, 1758 Lumpsucker Native Not evaluated
Family: Triglidae
Aspitrigla cuculus (Linnaeus, 1758) Red gurnard Native Not evaluated
Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus, 1758) Tub gurnard Native Not evaluated
Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus, 1758) Grey gurnard Native Not evaluated
Trigla lyra Linnaeus, 1758 Piper gurnard Native Not evaluated
Trigloporus lastoviza (Bonnaterre, 1788) Streaked gurnard Native Not evaluated
Family: Liparidae
Careproctus reinhardti (Krøyer, 1862) Sea tadpole Native Not evaluated
Liparis liparis (Linnaeus, 1766) Common seasnail Native Least concern
Liparis montagui (Donovan, 1804) Montagu's seasnail Native Not evaluated
Family: Sebastidae
Helicolenus dactylopterus Delaroche, 1809 Blackbelly rosefish Native Not evaluated
Sebastes mentella Travin, 1951 Deepwater redfish Native Least concern
Sebastes norvegicus (Ascanius, 1772) Golden redfish Native Not evaluated
Sebastes viviparus Krøyer, 1845 Norway redfish Native Not evaluated
Triglops murrayi Günther, 1888 Moustache sculpin Native Not evaluated
Ordo: Perciformes
Family: Mugilidae
Chelon labrosus (Risso, 1827) Thicklip grey mullet Native Least concern
Liza aurata (Risso, 1810) Golden grey mullet Native Least concern
Liza ramada (Risso, 1827) Thinlip mullet Native Least concern
Family: Bramidae
Brama brama (Bonnaterre, 1788) Pomfret Native Not evaluated
Taractes asper Lowe, 1843 Rough pomfret Native Not evaluated
Pterycombus brama Fries, 1837 Atlantic fanfish Native Not evaluated
Family: Moronidae
Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758) European seabass Native Least concern
Family: Mullidae
Mullus barbatus Linnaeus, 1758 Red mullet Native Not evaluated
Mullus surmuletus Linnaeus, 1758 Striped red mullet Native Not evaluated
Family: Sciaenidae
Argyrosomus regius (Asso, 1801) Meagre Native Not evaluated
Family: Sparidae
Boops boops Linnaeus, 1758 Bogue Native Not evaluated
Dentex maroccanus Valenciennes, 1830 Morocco dentex Native Not evaluated
Pagellus acarne (Risso, 1827) Axillary seabream Native Not evaluated
Pagellus bogaraveo (Brünnich, 1768) Blackspot seabream Native Not evaluated
Pagellus erythrinus (Linnaeus, 1758) Common pandora Native Not evaluated
Sarpa salpa (Linnaeus, 1758) Salema porgy Native Not evaluated
Sparus aurata (Linnaeus, 1758) Gilt-head bream Native Not evaluated
Spondyliosoma cantharus (Linnaeus, 1758) Black seabream Native Not evaluated
Family: Echeneidae
Remora remora (Linnaeus, 1758) Common remora Native Not evaluated
Family: Carangidae
Naucrates ductor (Linnaeus, 1758) Pilot fish Native Not evaluated
Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Pompano Native Not evaluated
Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758) Atlantic horse mackerel Native Not evaluated
Family: Gobiidae
Aphia minuta (Risso, 1810) Transparent goby Native Not evaluated
Buenia jeffreysii (Günther, 1867) Jeffrey's goby Native Not evaluated
Crystallogobius linearis (de Düben, 1845) Crystal goby Native Not evaluated
Gobius niger Linnaeus, 1758 Black goby Native Not evaluated
Gobiusculus flavescens (Fabricius, 1779) Two-spotted goby Native Not evaluated
Lesueurigobius friesii (Malm, 1874) Fries's goby Native Not evaluated
Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas, 1814) Round goby Introduced Least concern
Pomatoschistus lozanoi (F. de Buen, 1923) Lozano's goby Native Not evaluated
Pomatoschistus microps (Krøyer, 1838) Common goby Native Least concern
Pomatoschistus minutus (Pallas, 1770) Sand goby Native Not evaluated
Pomatoschistus pictus (Malm, 1865) Painted goby Native Not evaluated
Thorogobius ephippiatus (R. T. Lowe, 1839) Leopard-spotted goby Native Not evaluated
Family: Blenniidae
Lipophrys pholis (Linnaeus, 1758) Shanny Native Not evaluated
Family: Stichaeidae
Chirolophis ascanii (Walbaum, 1792) Yarrell's blenny Native Not evaluated
Leptoclinus maculatus (Fries, 1838) Daubed shanny Native Not evaluated
Lumpenus lampretaeformis (Walbaum, 1792) Snakeblenny Native Not evaluated
Family: Pholidae
Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus, 1758) Rock gunnel Native Not evaluated
Family: Zoarcidae
Lycodes vahlii Reinhardt, 1831 Vahl's eelpout Accidental Not evaluated
Zoarces viviparus (Linnaeus, 1758) Viviparous eelpout Native Not evaluated
Family: Callionymidae
Callionymus lyra Linnaeus, 1758 Common dragonet Native Not evaluated
Callionymus maculatus Rafinesque, 1810 Spotted dragonet Native Not evaluated
Callionymus reticulatus Valenciennes, 1837 Reticulated dragonet Native Not evaluated
Family: Labridae
Centrolabrus exoletus (Linnaeus, 1758) Rock cook Native Least concern
Coris julis (Linnaeus, 1758) Mediterranean rainbow wrasse Native Least concern
Ctenolabrus rupestris (Linnaeus, 1758) Goldsinny wrasse Native Least concern
Labrus bergylta Ascanius, 1767 Ballan wrasse Native Least concern
Labrus mixtus Linnaeus, 1758 Cuckoo wrasse Native Least concern
Symphodus melops (Linnaeus, 1758) Corkwing wrasse Native Least concern
Family: Scombridae
Euthynnus alletteratus (Rafinesque, 1810) Little tunny Native Least concern
Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758) Skipjack tuna Native Least concern
Orcynopsis unicolor (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817) Plain bonito Native Least concern
Sarda sarda (Bloch, 1793) Atlantic bonito Native Least concern
Scomber scombrus Linnaeus, 1758 Atlantic mackerel Native Least concern
Thunnus thynnus (Linnaeus, 1758) Atlantic bluefin tuna Native Endangered
Family: Xiphiidae
Xiphias gladius Linnaeus, 1758 Swordfish Native Least concern
Family: Ammodytidae
Ammodytes marinus Raitt, 1934 Raitt's sand eel Native Not evaluated
Ammodytes tobianus Linnaeus, 1758 Small sandeel Native Not evaluated
Gymnammodytes semisquamatus (Jourdain, 1879) Smooth sandeel Native Not evaluated
Hyperoplus immaculatus (Corbin, 1950) Greater sand-eel Native Not evaluated
Hyperoplus lanceolatus (Le Sauvage, 1824) Great sandeel Native Not evaluated
Family: Anarhichadidae
Anarhichas lupus Linnaeus, 1758 Atlantic wolffish Native Not evaluated
Family: Trachinidae
Echiichthys vipera (Cuvier, 1829) Lesser weever Native Not evaluated
Trachinus draco Linnaeus, 1758 Greater weever Native Not evaluated
Ordo: Pleuronectiformes
Family: Bothidae
Arnoglossus laterna (Walbaum, 1792) Mediterranean scaldfish Native Not evaluated
Family: Pleuronectidae
Glyptocephalus cynoglossus (Linnaeus, 1758) Witch Native Not evaluated
Hippoglossoides platessoides (O. Fabricius, 1780) American plaice Native Not evaluated
Hippoglossus hippoglossus (Linnaeus, 1758) Atlantic halibut Native Endangered
Limanda limanda (Linnaeus, 1758) Common dab Native Not evaluated
Microstomus kitt (Walbaum, 1792) Lemon sole Native Not evaluated
Platichthys flesus (Linnaeus, 1758) European flounder Native Least concern
Pleuronectes platessa (Linnaeus, 1758) European plaice Native Least concern
Family: Scophthalmidae
Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis (Walbaum, 1792) Megrim Native Not evaluated
Phrynorhombus norvegicus (Günther, 1862) Norwegian topknot Native Not evaluated
Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus, 1758) Turbot Native Not evaluated
Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus, 1758) Brill Native Not evaluated
Zeugopterus punctatus (Bloch, 1787) Topknot Native Not evaluated
Family: Soleidae
Buglossidium luteum (Risso, 1810) Solenette Native Least concern
Microchirus variegatus (Donovan, 1808) Thickback sole Native Not evaluated
Solea solea (Linnaeus, 1758) Common sole Native Not evaluated
Ordo: Tetraodontiformes
Family: Molidae
Mola mola (Linnaeus, 1758) Ocean sunfish Native Not evaluated
Ranzania laevis (Pennant, 1776) Slender sunfish Native Not evaluated
Ordo: Beryciformes
Family: Berycidae
Beryx decadactylus (Cuvier, 1829) Alfonsino Native Not evaluated
Ordo: Zeiformes
Family: Caproidae
Capros aper (Linnaeus, 1758) Boar fish Native Not evaluated
Family: Zeidae
Zeus faber (Linnaeus, 1758) John Dory Native Not evaluated

See also

References

  1. Kurt Fiedler: Lehrbuch der Speziellen Zoologie, Band II, Teil 2: Fische. Gustav Fischer Verlag Jena, 1991, ISBN 3-334-00339-6.
  2. Verreycken H., Breine J.J., Snoeks J., Belpaire C. (2011) First record of the round goby, Neogobius melanostomus (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Gobiidae) in Belgium. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 41(2): 137–140.

Sources

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