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The Soim (Ukrainian: Сойм Карпатської України) was the parliament of the short-lived Republic of Carpatho-Ukraine. The assembly had its seat in Khust.

Background

The establishment of a Soim, an autonomous parliament for the Ruthenian region, had been stipulated in the 11th article of the 1919 Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye. But the establishment of the autonomous parliament was delayed for many years.

Election

After years of delays, election to the Soim was held on 12 February 1939 on the basis of the passing of legislation by the Czechoslovak parliament providing further autonomy for Carpatho-Ukraine on 22 November 1938. 32 members of the Soim were elected from a single constituency. The Ukrainian National Union [uk] (UNO) presented a unity list for the vote. According to results published, 244,922 out of 265,002 votes cast (92%) went in favour of the unity list.

Out of the 32 members elected there were 29 Ukrainians, 1 Czech, 1 German and 1 Romanian. The German deputy was Anton Ernst Oldofredi, leader of the German People's Council (Deutsche VolksRat, DVR).

The elected candidates were:

Session

The Soim met once on 15 March 1939. The inaugural session had been scheduled for 2 March 1939 but the Czecho-Slovak president Emil Hácha opted not to convene the assembly. In response to the Slovak declaration of independence on 14 March 1939, the regional government of Avgustyn Voloshyn called for an independent Carpatho-Ukrainian state under the protection of the German Reich.

Whilst the session was in progress the time Hungarian troops were on the offensive in Carpatho-Ukraine and Czecho-Slovak forces were retreating westward. Augustin Stefan served as the speaker of the assembly. Stefan Roscha served as the vice speaker of the assembly.

The assembly, with 22 members present, declared the independence of the Republic of Carpatho-Ukraine. The session ratified the constitution of the Republic of Carpatho-Ukraine, with Ukrainian as the official language and a presidential form of governance. The Soim elected Voloshyn as President of the Republic. Yulian Revay was named Prime Minister.

Khust was attacked by Hungarian forces on the same day as the session was held. Carpatho-Ukraine was annexed by Hungary the following day, ending the brief existence of the Republic of Carpatho-Ukraine.

Tragedy of Carpatho-Ukraine

The Soim session is depicted in the 1940 movie Tragedy of Carpatho-Ukraine, produced by Vasyl Avramenko.

References

1. ^ Mads Ole Balling (1991). Von Reval bis Bukarest: Ungarn, Jugoslawien, Rumänien, Slowakei, Karpatenukraine, Kroatien, Memelländischer Landtag, Schlesischer Landtag, komparative Analyse, Quellen und Literatur, Register (in German). Dokumentation Verlag. pp. 671, 673. ISBN 978-87-983829-5-9.
2. ^ Aldo Dami (1936). Destin des minorités. Sorlont. p. 182.
3. Opinion: Official Publication of Ukrainian Canadian Veterans' Association. Vol. 3–5. UCVA. 1947. p. 79.
4. The Trident. Vol. 3–4. Published by Organization for Rebirth of Ukraine. 1939. pp. 12, 22.
5. Peter George Stercho (1971). Diplomacy of Double Morality: Europe's Crossroads in Carpatho-Ukraine, 1919-1939. Carpathian Research Center. p. 408.
6. ^ Stephen Denis Kertesz (1974). Diplomacy in a Whirlpool: Hungary Between Nazi Germany and Soviet Russia. Greenwood Press. p. 45. ISBN 978-0-8371-7540-9.
7. Volodymyr Kubiĭovych (1963). Ukraine, a Concise Encyclopedia. Ukrainian National Association. p. 855.
8. ^ Paul R. Magocsi (1996). A History of Ukraine. University of Toronto Press. p. 615. ISBN 978-0-8020-7820-9.
9. ^ The Ukrainian Quarterly. Vol. 34–35. Ukrainian Congress Committee of America. 1978. p. 412.
10. Paul R. Magocsi (1973). An Historiographical Guide to Subcarpathian Rusʹ. Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, Harvard University. p. 247.
11. ^ Ivan Katchanovski; Zenon E. Kohut; Bohdan Y. Nebesio; Myroslav Yurkevich (11 July 2013). Historical Dictionary of Ukraine. Scarecrow Press. pp. 69–70. ISBN 978-0-8108-7847-1.
12. Alan Gevinson (1997). Within Our Gates: Ethnicity in American Feature Films, 1911–1960. University of California Press. pp. 1060–1061. ISBN 978-0-520-20964-0.

v t e Verkhovna Rada
Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR (1937–1941, 1947–1991)
Main topics	Chairman list Presidium 1938-1996 People's Deputy of Ukraine Committees Accounting Chamber Ombudsman National Parliamentary Library Verkhovna Rada building
Parliamentary elections	1918 1938 1947 1951 1955 1959 1963 1967 1971 1975 1980 1985 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2007 2012 2014 2019 Next
Members of parliament	Ukraine First members, 1990–94 Second members, 1994–98 Third members, 1998–2002 Fourth members, 2002–06 Fifth members, 2006-07 Sixth members, 2007–12 Seventh members, 2012–14 Eighth members, 2014–19 Ninth members, 2019–23 Ukrainian SSR First members, 1938–1947 Second members, 1947–1951 Third members, 1951–1955 Fourth members, 1955–1959 Fifth members, 1959–1963 Sixth members, 1963–1967 Seventh members, 1967–1971 Eighth members, 1971–1975 Ninth members, 1975–1980 Tenth members, 1980–1985 Eleventh members, 1985–1990
List of chairmen	Ukraine Ivan Plyushch Oleksandr Moroz Oleksandr Tkachenko Ivan Plyushch Volodymyr Lytvyn Oleksandr Moroz Arseniy Yatsenyuk Oleksandr Lavrynovych (acting) Volodymyr Lytvyn Volodymyr Rybak Oleksandr Turchynov Volodymyr Groysman Andriy Parubiy Dmytro Razumkov Ruslan Stefanchuk Ukrainian SSR Mykhailo Burmystenko Oleksandr Korniychuk Pavlo Tychyna Oleksandr Korniychuk Mykhailo Bilyi Kostiantyn Sytnyk Platon Kostiuk Volodymyr Ivashko Leonid Kravchuk Presidium Leonid Korniets Mykhailo Hrechukha Demyan Korotchenko Oleksandr Lyashko Ivan Hrushetsky Oleksiy Vatchenko Valentyna Shevchenko Volodymyr Ivashko Leonid Kravchuk Ivan Plyushch Oleksandr Moroz
Historic predecessors	Central Council of Ukraine All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets Central Executive Committee of Ukraine Ukrainian Constituent Assembly (never realized) Labor Congress of Ukraine Soim Carpathian Ukraine Ukrainian National Council West Ukraine Council of Republic
See also	Politics of Ukraine Political parties in Ukraine Elections in Ukraine Piano voting in Ukraine

v t e Elections and referendums in Ukraine
Presidential elections	1991 1994 1999 2004 2010 2014 2019 Next
Parliamentary elections	1918 1938 1947 1951 1955 1959 1963 1967 1971 1975 1980 1985 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2007 2012 2014 2019 Next
Local elections	1939 (Feb) 1939 (Oct) 1947 1950 1953 1955 1957 1959 1961 1963 1965 1967 1969 1971 1973 1975 1977 1980 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014 2015 2020 Next
Referendums	1991 (Mar) 1991 (Dec) 2000
See also: Elections and referendums in Crimea

• Carpatho-Ukraine
• Defunct national legislatures
• Law of Ukraine
• Parliamentary elections in Ukraine
• Elections in Carpatho-Ukraine
• 1939 in Ukraine