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Reed reaction

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(Redirected from Sulfochlorination)

The Reed reaction is a chemical reaction that utilizes light to oxidize hydrocarbons to alkylsulfonyl chlorides. This reaction is employed in modifying polyethylene to give chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSPE), which is noted for its toughness.

Commercial implementations

The Reed reaction
The Reed reaction

Polyethylene is treated with a mixture of chlorine and sulfur dioxide under UV-radiation. Vinylsulfonic acid can also be prepared beginning with the sulfochlorination of chloroethane. Dehydrohalogenation of the product gives vinylsulfonyl chloride, which subsequently is hydrolyzed to give vinylsulfonic acid:

ClCH2CH3 + SO2 + Cl2 → ClCH2CH2SO2Cl + HCl
ClCH2CH2SO2Cl → H2C=CHSO2Cl + HCl
CH2=CHSO2Cl + H2O → H2C=CHSO3H + HCl

Mechanism

The reaction occurs via a free radical mechanism. UV-light initiates homolysis of chlorine, producing a pair of chlorine atoms:

Chain initiation:

Cl 2 h ν 2 Cl {\displaystyle {\ce {Cl2 -> 2Cl.}}}

Thereafter a chlorine atom attacks the hydrocarbon chain, freeing hydrogen to form hydrogen chloride and an alkyl free radical. The resulting radical then captures SO2. The resulting sulfonyl radical attacks another chlorine molecule to produce the desired sulfonyl chloride and a new chlorine atom, which continues the reaction chain. Chain propagation steps:

R H + Cl R + HCl {\displaystyle {\ce {{R-H}+ .Cl -> {R.}+ HCl}}}
R + : SO 2 R S ˙ O 2 {\displaystyle {\ce {{R.}+{:}SO2->R-{\dot {S}}O2}}}
R S ˙ O 2 + Cl 2 R SO 2 Cl + Cl {\displaystyle {\ce {{R-{\dot {S}}O2}+Cl2->{R-SO2-Cl}+Cl.}}}

See also

Historical readings

References

  1. Happ, Michael; Duffy, John; Wilson, G. J.; Pask, Stephen D.; Buding, Hartmuth; Ostrowicki, Andreas (2011). "Rubber, 8. Synthesis by Polymer Modification". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.o23_o05. ISBN 978-3527306732.
Topics in organic reactions
List of organic reactions
Carbon-carbon
bond forming
reactions
Homologation reactions
Olefination reactions
Carbon-heteroatom
bond forming
reactions
Degradation
reactions
Organic redox
reactions
Rearrangement
reactions
Ring forming
reactions
Cycloaddition
Heterocycle forming reactions


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