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Boron sulfide

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(Redirected from Diboron trisulfide)
Boron sulfide
Names
IUPAC name Boron sulfide
Other names Boron sesquisulfide, Diboron trisulfide
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.031.355 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 234-504-9
PubChem CID
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
InChI
  • InChI=1S/B2S3/c3-1-5-2-4Key: ZVTQDOIPKNCMAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES
  • S=BSB=S
Properties
Chemical formula B2S3
Molar mass 117.80 g/mol
Appearance colorless crystals
Density 1.55 g/cm, solid
Melting point 563 °C (1,045 °F; 836 K)
Boiling point decomposes at high T
Solubility in water decomposes
Solubility soluble in ammonia
Structure
Crystal structure monoclinic, mP40, SpaceGroup = P21/c, No. 14
Coordination geometry B: planar, sp
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C) 111.7 J/mol K
Std molar
entropy
(S298)
327 J/mol K
Std enthalpy of
formation
fH298)
-240.6 kJ/mol
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards source of H2S
GHS labelling:
Pictograms GHS02: FlammableGHS06: ToxicGHS07: Exclamation mark
Signal word Danger
Hazard statements H225, H260, H301, H311, H315, H318, H335
Precautionary statements P210, P223, P231+P232, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P305+P351+P338, P312, P402+P404, P405
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g. gasolineInstability 3: Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition but requires a strong initiating source, must be heated under confinement before initiation, reacts explosively with water, or will detonate if severely shocked. E.g. hydrogen peroxideSpecial hazards (white): no code
2 3 3
Flash point 18°C (64.4°F)
Safety data sheet (SDS) trc-canada.com
Related compounds
Related compounds BCl3
Lawesson's reagent
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). checkverify (what is  ?) Infobox references
Chemical compound

Boron sulfide is the chemical compound with the formula B2S3. It is a white, moisture-sensitive solid. It has a polymeric structure. The material has been of interest as a component of "high-tech" glasses and as a reagent for preparing organosulfur compounds. It is the parent member of the thioborates.

Reactions

Like the sulfides of silicon and phosphorus, B2S3 reacts with traces of water, including atmospheric moisture to release H2S. This hydrolysis is described by the following idealized equation:

B2S3 + 3 H2O → B2O3 + 3 H2S

B2S3 readily forms glasses when blended with other sulfides such as P4S10. Such glasses do not absorb mid-frequencies of Infra-red energy relative to conventional borosilicate glasses. Some of these ternary phases that are fast ion conductors.

B2S3 converts ketones into the corresponding thiones. For example, the conversion of benzophenone to its thione proceeds as follows:

B2S3 + 3 (C6H5)2C=O → B2O3 + 3 (C6H5)2C=S

In practice, B2S3 would be used in excess.

Synthesis

An early synthesis involved the reaction of iron and manganese borides with hydrogen sulfide at temperatures of 300 °C. The conversion is shown for the monoborides in the following idealized equation:

2 FeB + 4 H2S → B2S3 + FeS + 4 H2

The first synthesis was done by Jöns Jakob Berzelius in 1824 by direct reaction of amorphous boron with sulfur vapor.

2 B + 3 S → B2S3

Another synthesis was favoured by Friedrich Wöhler and Henri Etienne Sainte-Claire Deville first published in 1858, starting from boron and hydrogen sulfide.

2 B + 3 H2S → B2S3 + 3 H2

Structure

The boron atoms in B2S3 are trigonal planar, and are arranged in B3S3 and B2S2 rings with bridging S atoms forming a layer structure with an interlayer distance of 355 pm. This is different from boron trioxide which has a three dimensional structure. The molecular, monomeric, form of B2S3 has a planar V shape with the central B-S-B angle of approximately 120°.

References

  1. Material Safety Data Sheet, VWR, 2010, retrieved November 11, 2023
  2. Kincs, Joseph; Martin, Steve W. (1996). "Non-Arrhenius Conductivity in Glass: Mobility and Conductivity Saturation Effects". Physical Review Letters. 76 (1): 70–73. Bibcode:1996PhRvL..76...70K. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.76.70. PMID 10060436.
  3. Sato, R. (2004). "Boron Trisulfide". In L. Paquette (ed.). Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis. New York: J. Wiley & Sons. doi:10.1002/047084289X.rb255. ISBN 0471936235.
  4. Hoffmann, J. (1908). "Synthese von Borsulfid aus Ferro- und Manganbor". Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie. 59 (1): 127–135. doi:10.1002/zaac.19080590116.
  5. Berzelius, J. (1824). "Undersökning af flusspatssyran och dess märkvärdigaste föreningar" [Investigation of hydrofluoric acid and of its most noteworthy compounds]. Kongliga Vetenskaps-Academiens Handlingar . 12: 46–98.
    Reprinted in German as:
    Berzelius, J. J. (1824). "Untersuchungen über die Flußspathsäure und deren merkwürdigsten Verbindungen". Annalen der Physik und Chemie. 78 (10): 113–150. Bibcode:1824AnP....78..113B. doi:10.1002/andp.18240781002. see especially pages 145–147.
  6. Wöhler, F.; Deville, H. E. S.-C. (1858). "Neue Beobachtungen über das Bor und einige seiner Verbindungen" [New observations concerning boron and some of its compounds]. Liebigs Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie. 105 (1): 67–73. doi:10.1002/jlac.18581050109.
  7. Wöhler, F.; Deville, H. E. S.-C. (1858). "Du Bore". Annales de Chimie et de Physique. 52: 62–93.
  8. ^ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
Boron compounds
Boron pnictogenides
Boron halides
Acids
Boranes
Boron oxides and sulfides
Carbides
Organoboron compounds
Sulfides (S)
H2S He
Li2S BeS B2S3
+BO3
CS2
COS
(NH4)SH O F Ne
Na2S MgS Al2S3 SiS
SiS2
-Si
PxSy
-P
-S
2
Cl Ar
K2S CaS ScS
Sc2S3
TiS
TiS2
Ti2S3
TiS3
VS
VS2
V2S3
CrS
Cr2S3
MnS
MnS2
FeS
Fe3S4
CoxSy NixSy Cu2S
CuS
ZnS GaS
Ga2S3
GeS
GeS2
-Ge
As2S3
As4S3
-As
SeS2
+Se
Br Kr
Rb2S SrS Y2S3 ZrS2 NbS2 MoS2
MoS3
TcS2
Tc2S7
Ru Rh2S3 PdS Ag2S CdS In2S3 SnS
SnS2
-Sn
Sb2S3
Sb2S5
-Sb
TeS2 I Xe
Cs2S BaS * LuS
Lu2S3
HfS2 TaS2 WS2
WS3
ReS2
Re2S7
OsS
4
Ir2S3
IrS2
PtS
PtS2
Au2S
Au2S3
HgS Tl2S PbS
PbS2
Bi2S3 PoS At Rn
Fr Ra ** Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
 
* LaS
La2S3
CeS
Ce2S3
PrS
Pr2S3
NdS
Nd2S3
PmS
Pm2S3
SmS
Sm2S3
EuS
Eu2S3
GdS
Gd2S3
TbS
Tb2S3
DyS
Dy2S3
HoS
Ho2S3
ErS
Er2S3
TmS
Tm2S3
YbS
Yb2S3
** Ac2S3 ThS2 Pa US
US2
Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No
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