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Homalodotherium Temporal range: Early-Mid Miocene (Friasian) ~16.3–15.5 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Mounted skeleton of H. cunninghami in the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	†Notoungulata
Family:	†Homalodotheriidae
Genus:	†Homalodotherium Huxley, 1870
Species
Homalodotherium canepai Bordas, 1941 Homalodotherium crassum Ameghino, 1894 Homalodotherium cunninghami Flower, 1884 Homalodotherium excursum Ameghino, 1894 Homalodotherium segoviae Ameghino, 1891
Synonyms
Homalodon Burmeister 1891 Homalodontherium Trouessart 1898 Homalodontotherium Flower 1874

Homalodotherium is an extinct genus of notoungulate mammals native to South America. Fossils of Homalodotherium have been found in the Middle Miocene (Friasian in the SALMA classification) Santa Cruz Formation of Argentina and the Río Frías Formation of Chile.

Description

Homalodotherium was about 2 metres (6.6 ft) in body length, with a weight up to 300 kilograms (660 lb), and had long forelimbs with claws instead of hooves otherwise seen in related taxa. It walked on the soles of its hind feet and the toes of its front feet, which would have made the animal higher at the shoulder than at the hips when it walked on all fours. It was probably at least partially bipedal, being able to pull down tree branches with its arms while rearing up on its hind legs. Various other prehistoric and living creatures have also developed this anatomical design and feeding style; examples are the chalicotheres, ground sloths (which shared the same environments), the giant panda, the gorilla and, possibly, the therizinosaur dinosaurs.

References

1. Homalodotherium at GBIF
2. Homalodotherium at Fossilworks.org
3. Palmer, D., ed. (1999). The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals. London: Marshall Editions. p. 253. ISBN 1-84028-152-9.

Further reading

• Scott, William B. 1928. Mammalia of the Santa Cruz beds. Astrapotheria. Reports of the Princeton University Expeditions to Patagonia, 1896–1899. 6 (4): 301-342

v t e Genera of South American native ungulates
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Superorder: Laurasiatheria
Xenungulata, Pyrotheria, Astrapotheria, and other minor groups †Kollpaniidae? Andinodus Molinodus Pascualodus? Pucanodus Simoclaenus Tiuclaenus †Didolodontidae Didolodus Enneoconus Ernestokokenia Escribania? Lamegoia Paulogervaisia Raulvaccia Ricardocifellia Saltaodus Umayodus Xesmodon †Protolipternidae Asmithwoodwardia Miguelsoria Protolipterna †Xenungulata †Carodniidae Carodnia Etayoa Notoetayoa Rodcania †Pyrotheria †Colombitheriidae Colombitherium Proticia †Pyrotheriidae Baguatherium Berracotherium Carolozittelia Griphodon Propyrotherium Pyrotherium †Astrapotheria Eoastrapostylops †Trigonostylopidae Shecenia Tetragonostylops Trigonostylops †Astrapotheriidae Antarctodon Astrapodon Comahuetherium Liarthrus Maddenia Parastrapotherium †Albertogaudryinae Albertogaudrya Astraponotus †Astrapotheriinae Astrapothericulus Astrapotherium Scaglia †Uruguaytheriinae Granastrapotherium Hilarcotherium Uruguaytherium Xenastrapotherium
Litopterna †Eulitopterna †Adianthidae Adianthus Proadiantus Proectocion? Proheptaconus Thadanius Tricoelodus †Macraucheniidae Polymorphis †Cramaucheniinae Caliphrium Coniopternium Cramauchenia Llullataruca Phoenixauchenia Pternoconius Theosodon †Macraucheniinae Cullinia Huayqueriana Macrauchenia Macraucheniopsis Micrauchenia Oxyodontherium Paranauchenia Promacrauchenia Scalabrinitherium Windhausenia Xenorhinotherium †Proterotherioidea †Anisolambdidae †Anisolambdinae Anisolambda Eolicaphrium Guilielmofloweria Lambdaconops Paranisolambda Polyacrodon Protheosodon Wainka †Sparnotheriodontinae Heteroglyphis Notiolofos Phoradiadius Sparnotheriodon Victorlemoinea †Proterotheriidae Mesolicaphrium Neodolodus Olisanophus Promylophis Prothoatherium Pseudobrachytherium Salladolodus †Megadolodinae Bounodus Megadolodus †Proterotheriinae Anisolophus Brachytherium Diadiaphorus Diplasiotherium Eoauchenia Epecuenia Epitherium Lambdaconus Neobrachytherium Neolicaphrium Paramacrauchenia Picturotherium Prolicaphrium Proterotherium Tetramerorhinus Thoatheriopsis Thoatherium Uruguayodon Villarroelia †Notopterna †Amilnedwardsiidae Amilnedwardsia Ernestohaeckelia Rutimeyeria †Indaleciidae Adiantoides Indalecia †Notonychopidae Notonychops Requisia Incertae sedis Kyraodus Proacrodon
Notoungulata incertae sedis Acoelodus Archaeogaia Carolodarwinia Perutherium †Notioprogonia Satshatemnus Seudenius †Henricosborniidae Henricosbornia Nanolophodon Othnielmarshia Peripantostylops Simpsonotus †Notostylopidae Boreastylops Chilestylops Edvardotrouessartia Homalostylops Notostylops Otrhonia Parastylops †Toxodontia †Homalodotheriidae Asmodeus Chasicotherium Homalodotherium Trigonolophodon †Isotemnidae Anisotemnus Coelostylodon Distylophorus Hedralophus Isotemnus Lophocoelus Pampatemnus Periphragnis Pleurocoelodon Pleurostylodon Rhyphodon Thomashuxleya †Eutoxodontia †Leontiniidae Anayatherium Ancylocoelus Colpodon Coquenia Elmerriggsia Gualta Henricofilholia Huilatherium Leontinia Martinmiguelia Purperia? Scarrittia Taubatherium Termastherium †Notohippidae Acoelohyrax Argyrohippus Deuterotherium? Edvardocopeia Eomorphippus Eurygenium Mendozahippus Moqueguahippus Morphippus Nesohippus Notohippus Pampahippus Pascualihippus Patagonhippus Perhippidion Plexotemnus Puelia Purperia? Rhynchippus Rosendo Stilhippus Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium Ceratoxodon Charruatoxodon Dinotoxodon Eutomodus Falcontoxodon Gyrinodon Haplodontherium Hemixotodon Hoffstetterius Hyperoxotodon Mesenodon Mesotoxodon Minitoxodon Mixotoxodon Neoadinotherium Neotoxodon Nesodonopsis Nonotherium Ocnerotherium Palyeidodon Paratrigodon Pericotoxodon Piauhytherium Pisanodon Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion †Archaeopithecidae Archaeopithecus Teratopithecus †Oldfieldthomasiidae Allalmeia Brachystephanus Camargomendesia Colbertia Dolichostylodon Itaboraitherium Kibenikhoria Maxschlosseria Oldfieldthomasia Paginula Suniodon Tsamnichoria Ultrapithecus Xenostephanus †Interatheriidae Antofagastia Ignigena Johnbell Munizia Punapithecus †Interatheriinae Archaeophylus Argyrohyrax Boleatherium Brucemacfaddenia Caenophilus Choichephilum Cochilius Eopachyrucos Federicoanaya Interatherium Juchuysillu Miocochilius Neoicochilus Patriarchus Proargyrohyrax Progaleopithecus Protypotherium Santiagorothia †Notopithecinae Antepithecus Guilielmoscottia Notopithecus Transpithecus †Mesotheriidae Fiandraia? Trachytherus †Mesotheriinae Altitypotherium Caraguatypotherium Eotypotherium Eutypotherium Hypsitherium Mesotherium Microtypotherium Plesiotypotherium Pseudotypotherium Rusconitherium Typotheriopsis †Archaeohyracidae Archaeohyrax Archaeotypotherium Bryanpattersonia Eohyrax Pascualhyrax Protarchaeohyrax Pseudhyrax Punahyrax †Hegetotheriidae †Hegetotheriinae Ethegotherium Hegetotheriopsis Hegetotherium Hemihegetotherium Prohegetotherium Pseudohegetotherium Sallatherium †Pachyrukhinae Medistylus Propachyrucos Prosotherium Tremacyllus †Pachyrukhini Pachyrukhos Paedotherium Tremacyllus

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• Toxodonts
• Clawed herbivores
• Burdigalian life
• Langhian life
• Miocene mammals of South America
• Friasian
• Neogene Argentina
• Fossils of Argentina
• Neogene Chile
• Fossils of Chile
• Fossil taxa described in 1870
• Taxa named by Thomas Henry Huxley
• Prehistoric placental genera
• Austral or Magallanes Basin
• Santa Cruz Formation
• Notoungulate stubs