This list of the prehistoric life of South Dakota contains the various prehistoric life-forms whose fossilized remains have been reported from within the US state of South Dakota.
Precambrian
The Paleobiology Database records no known occurrences of Precambrian fossils in Alabama.
Paleozoic
- †Acrotreta
- †Agnostogonus
- †Agnostogonus incognitus – or unidentified comparable form
Assemblage of fossils of the Cambrian trilobite Agnostus - †Amiaspis
- †Ankoura
- †Aphelaspis
- †Arapahoia
- †Arcifimbria
- †Arcifimbrin
- †Arcuolimbus
- †Billingsella
- †Blountia
- †Blountiella
- †Briscoia
- †Briscoia angustilimba – or unidentified comparable form
- †Briscoia dalyi
- †Bynumia
- †Bynumina
- †Camaraspis
Life restoration of the Carboniferous Chimaera relative Caseodus - †Caseodus eatoni – or unidentified related form
- †Cedaria
- †Cedarina
- †Cheilocephalus
- †Cladodus – or unidentified comparable form
- †Clelandia
- †Coosella
- †Coosia
- †Coosina
- †Crepicephalus
- †Cyrtogomphoceras
- †Dartonaspis
- †Deadwoodia
- †Dicellomus
- †Diestoceras
- †Dikelocephalus
- †Dresbachia
Life restoration of the Late Devonian-Carboniferous Chimaera relative Edestus - †Ellipsocephaloides
- †Endoceras
- †Eoorthis
- †Ephippiorthoceras
- †Glaphyraspis
- †Hadragnostus
- †Hardyoides
- †Holmesella
- †Homagnostus
Fossilized shells of the Cambrian-Permian brachiopod relative Hyolitha - †Hysteropleura
- †Idahoia
- †Idiomesus
- †Illaenurus
Restoration of the Carboniferous-Permian ray-like cartilaginous fish Janassa (top and left) - †Kingstonia
- †Komaspidella
- †Kormagnostus
- †Lambeoceras – tentative report
- †Lingulella
- †Lingulepis
- †Linnarssonella
Restoration of the Carboniferous-Early Triassic cartilaginous fish Listracanthus - †Litagnostus
- †Llanoaspis
- †Meniscocorypphe
- †Menomonia
- †Meteoraspis
- †Modocia
- †Monocheilus
- †Nahannagnostus
- †Parabolinoides
- †Pemphigaspis
- †Petrodus
- †Plethopeltis
- †Prosaukia
- †Pseudagnostus
- †Ptchaspis
- †Ptychaspis
- †Ptychopleurites
- †Pugionicauda
- †Rasettia
- †Saukiella
- †Spyroceras
- †Syspacheilus
- †Taenicephalus
- †Terranovella
Fossil of the Cambrian trilobite Tricrepicephalus - †Tripteroceras
- †Uncaspis
- †Welleraspis
- †Welleraspis group#1 – informal
- †Welleraspis group#2 – informal
- †Westonoceras
- †Wilsonoceras
- †Winnipegoceras
Mesozoic
Main article: List of the Mesozoic life of South DakotaSelected Mesozoic taxa of South Dakota
- Acipenser – or unidentified comparable form
- †Actinocamax
- †Adocus
- †Agerostrea
Restoration of the Late Jurassic theropod dinosaur Allosaurus - †Alphadon
- †Anatotitan
- †Anomia
- †Anzu – type locality for genus
- †Anzu wyliei – type locality for species
- †Apatosaurus
- †Araucarioxylon
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Late Cretaceous sea turtle Archelon - †Archelon ischyros – type locality for species
- †Artocarpus – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
- Aspideretes
- †Asplenium
- †Baculites
- †Bananogmius
- †Baptornis
- †Baptornis varneri – type locality for species
Restoration of the Late Jurassic sauropod dinosaur Barosaurus rearing to defend itself against a pair of the theropod Allosaurus - †Barosaurus lentus – type locality for species
- †Basilemys
- †Belemnitella
- Beryx – or unidentified related form
- †Bolodon
- †Bolodon hydei – type locality for species
- †Borealosuchus
- Brachidontes
- †Brachychampsa
- †Brodavis
- †Brodavis baileyi – type locality for species
- †Caenagnathus
- †Calycoceras
- †Calycoceras boreale – type locality for species
- †Calycoceras dromense – or unidentified comparable form
Life restoration of a herd of the Late Jurassic sauropod dinosaur Camarasaurus - Campeloma
- †Caturus
- †Champsosaurus
- †Cimexomys
- †Cimolodon
- †Cimolomys
- †Claosaurus
- †Claosaurus affinis – type locality for species
- †Clidastes
- †Cocculus
Fossilized shell of the Late Cretaceous ammonoid Collignoniceras - †Collignoniceras collisniger – type locality for species
- †Collignoniceras jorgenseni – type locality for species
- †Collignoniceras percarinatum
- †Collignoniceras praecox
- †Collignoniceras vermilionense
- †Collignoniceras woolgari
- †Collignoniceras woollgari
- †Compsemys
- Corbula
- †Corbulamella
- †Crenella
- †Cretolamna
- †Cteniogenys
- Cucullaea
- †Cuspidaria
Fossil of the Jurassic-Cretaceous cycad relative Cycadeoidea - †Cycadeoidea aspera – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea cicatricula – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea colei – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea colossalis – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea dacotensis
- †Cycadeoidea excelsa – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea formosa – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea furcata – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea ingens – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea insolita – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea jenneyana
- †Cycadeoidea Jenneyana
- †Cycadeoidea marshiana – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea mcbridei – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea McBridei – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea minnekahtensis – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea nana – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea occidentalis – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea paynei – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea pulcherrima – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea stillwelli – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea turrita – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea Wellsii – type locality for species
- †Dakotadon
- †Dakotaraptor – type locality for genus
- †Dakotaraptor steini – type locality for species
- †Desmatochelys
- †Didelphodon
- †Diplodocus
- †Discoscaphites
- †Discoscaphites conradi
- †Discoscaphites gulosus
- †Discoscaphites rossi – type locality for species
- †Dolichorhynchops
- †Edmontonia
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous duck-billed dinosaur Edmontosaurus annectens - †Elasmosaurus
- †Elasmosaurus intermedius – type locality for species
- †Enchodus
- †Eubostrychoceras
- †Eucalycoceras
- †Eutrephoceras
- †Geosternbergia
- †Geosternbergia maiseyi – type locality for species
- Gleichenia
- †Globidens
- †Globidens alabamensis
- †Globidens dakotensis – type locality for species
- †Globidens schurmanni – type locality for species
- †Glyptops
- Glyptostrobus
- †Gorgosaurus
- †Hainosaurus
- †Hamites
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous toothed bird Hesperornis - †Hesperornis regalis – or unidentified comparable form
- Hiatella – tentative report
- †Hoplitosaurus
- †Hoplitosaurus marshi – type locality for species
- †Hoploparia
- †Hoploscaphites
- †Hoploscaphites comprimus
- †Hoploscaphites melloi – type locality for species
- †Hoploscaphites nicolletii
- †Hulettia
- †Hypsilophodon
- †Hypsilophodon wielandi – type locality for species
- †Ichthyodectes
Fossilized shell of the Early Jurassic-Late Cretaceous marine bivalve Inoceramus with a human indicating its size - †Inoceramus apicalis
- †Inoceramus ginterensis
- †Inoceramus tenuis – or unidentified related form
- †Inoceramus tenuistriatus – tentative report
- †Ischyodus
- Isurus
- †Jeletzkytes
- †Jeletzkytes dorfi
- †Jeletzkytes nebrascensis
- †Jeletzkytes spedeni – type locality for species
- Lamna
Fossilized skull of the Late Cretaceous alligator relative Leidyosuchus - †Lemnaceae
- †Lepidotes – tentative report
- Lepisosteus
- †Leptalestes
- †Lucina – tentative report
- †Martinectes
- †Melvius
- †Meniscoessus
- †Mesodma
- †Modiolus
Life restoration of two of the Late Cretaceous Mosasaurus - †Mosasaurus missouriensis – type locality for species
- †Myledaphus
- †Nelumbo
- †Neocardioceras
- †Neocardioceras transiens – type locality for species
- Nucula
- †Ophiomorpha
- †Ornithomimus
- †Osmakasaurus
- †Osmakasaurus depressus – type locality for species
- Ostrea
- †Otoscaphites
- †Oxytoma
Fossilized skeleton of the Late Cretaceous dome-headed dinosaur Pachycephalosaurus - †Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis – type locality for species
- †Pachyrhizodus
- †Pahasapasaurus – type locality for genus
- †Pahasapasaurus haasi – type locality for species
- †Palmoxylon
- Panopea
- †Paronychodon
- Pholadomya
- †Pistia – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
- †Placenticeras
- Platanus
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous mosasaur Platecarpus - †Platecarpus somenensis – or unidentified comparable form
- †Platecarpus tympaniticus
- †Plesiobaena
- †Plioplatecarpus
- †Plioplatecarpus primaevus – type locality for species
- †Prognathodon
- †Prognathodon overtoni – type locality for species
- †Proplacenticeras
- †Protocardia
- †Protosphyraena
- †Protostega
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous pterosaur Pteranodon - †Ptychodus
- Quercus
- †Rhamnus
- †Richardoestesia
- Sassafras
- †Scaphites
- †Sequoia
- Solemya
- Sphaerium
- †Sphenobaiera
- †Sphenodiscus
- †Sphenodiscus beecheri – tentative report
- †Sphenodiscus lobatus
- †Sphenodiscus pleurisepta
- Squalicorax
- Squalus
Animated life restoration of the Late Cretaceous plesiosaur Styxosaurus - †Styxosaurus browni
- †Styxosaurus snowii – type locality for species
- †Tatankaceratops – type locality for genus
- †Tatankaceratops sacrisonorum – type locality for species
- Taxodium
- †Thescelosaurus
- †Thespesius – type locality for genus
- †Thespesius occidentalis – type locality for species
- †Torosaurus
- †Toxochelys
- †Trachodon
- †Tragodesmoceras
- †Triceratops
- †Tylosaurus
Fossilized skeleton of the Late Cretaceous tyrannosaur Tyrannosaurus - Viviparus
- †Yezoites
- Yoldia
- Ziziphus
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Cenozoic
Main article: List of the Cenozoic life of South DakotaSelected Cenozoic taxa of South Dakota
- †Aelurodon
- †Aepycamelus
- †Agnotocastor
- †Agriochoerus
- Alligator
- †Alligator prenasalis – type locality for species
- †Ambystoma
Life restoration of the Miocene elephant relative Amebelodon. Margret Flinsch (1932). - †Ampelopsis
- †Amphechinus
- †Anchitherium
- Antilocapra
- Apalone
- †Aphelops
- †Archaeocyon
- †Archaeohippus
- †Archaeotherium
- †Arctodus
- †Arctonasua
- Azolla
- †Barbourofelis
- †Bathornis
- Bison
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene Bison latifrons, or long-horned bison
- Blarina
- †Blarina carolinensis – or unidentified comparable form
- †Bothriodon
- †Brachypsalis
- †Brachyrhynchocyon
- †Brontops
- Bufo
- Buteo
- †Calippus
- †Camelops
- Canis
Modern mounted skeleton of Canis lupus, the grey wolf, to scale with a fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene wolf Canis dirus, or dire wolf - †Canis latrans
- †Canis lupus
- †Carpocyon
- Castor
- †Castor canadensis – or unidentified comparable form
- †Catostomus
- Celtis
- Cercidiphyllum
- Charina
- Chrysemys
- Cnemidophorus
- †Colodon
- †Cormocyon
- †Cormohipparion
Fossilized skull of the Miocene pronghorn Cosoryx - †Cranioceras
- Crotalus
- †Cynarctoides
- †Cynarctus
- †Cynodesmus
- Cynomys
- †Daphoenus
- †Desmatippus
- †Desmatochoerus
- †Desmocyon
- †Diceratherium
Life restoration of the Eocene-Miocene false saber-toothed cat Dinictis. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913). - †Dinohyus
- †Dipoides
- †Domnina
- †Duchesnehippus
- †Duchesneodus
- †Ectopocynus
- †Ekgmowechashala
- †Ekgmowechashala philotau – type locality for species
- Elaphe
- †Elomeryx
- †Enhydrocyon
- †Entelodon
- †Eopelobates
- †Epicyon
- Equus
- †Equus francisci
- †Equus giganteus – or unidentified comparable form
- †Etheostoma
Life restoration of the Miocene elephant relative Eubelodon - †Eucastor
- †Eucommia
- Eumeces
- †Eusmilus
- Ficus
- Geomys
- †Gigantocamelus
- Glyptostrobus
- †Gomphotherium
- Graptemys
Fossilized lower jaw of the Miocene-Pleistocene llama relative Hemiauchenia - †Hemicyon
- †Herpetotherium
- †Hesperocyon
- †Hesperotestudo
- Heterodon
- †Heteromeryx
- †Hipparion
- †Hippotherium
- †Homotherium – or unidentified comparable form
- †Hoplophoneus
Life restoration of the Eocene-Miocene creodont mammal Hyaenodon - †Hyaenodon crucians
- †Hyaenodon horridus
- †Hyaenodon montanus – or unidentified comparable form
- †Hyaenodon mustelinus – type locality for species
- Hyla
- †Hypertragulus
- †Hypisodus
- †Hypohippus
- †Hypolagus
- †Hyporhina – type locality for genus
- †Hyporhina antiqua – type locality for species
- †Hyracodon
- Ictalurus
- †Ischyrocyon
- †Ischyromys
- †Lambdoceras
- Lampropeltis
- Lepisosteus
- Lepomis
- †Leptauchenia
- †Leptictis
Illustration of a fossilized skull of the Oligocene-Miocene dog Leptocyon - †Leptomeryx
- Lepus
- †Lepus americanus – or unidentified comparable form
- †Longirostromeryx
- †Macrorhineura – type locality for genus
- †Macrorhineura skinneri – type locality for species
- †Mammacyon
- †Mammuthus
Life restoration of a herd of Mammuthus columbi, or Columbian mammoths. The extent of the fur depicted is hypothetical. Charles R. Knight (1909).
- Martes
- †Megacerops
- †Megachoerus – tentative report
- †Megaleptictis
- †Megalictis
- †Megalictis ferox – type locality for species
- †Megalonyx
- †Megapaloelodus – type locality for genus
- †Menoceras
- †Menops
- †Merychippus
Restoration of a herd of the Eocene-Miocene oreodont mammal Merychyus - †Merycochoerus
- †Merycodus
- †Merycoides
- †Merycoidodon
- †Mesocyon
- †Mesohippus
- †Mesoreodon
- †Metamynodon
- †Michenia
- Microtus
- †Miniochoerus
- †Miohippus
- †Monosaulax
- †Moropus
- Mustela
- †Mylagaulus
- †Nannippus
- †Nanotragulus
- †Neohipparion – type locality for genus
- Neotoma
- Nerodia
- †Nexuotapirus
- †Niglarodon
- †Nimravus
- Notophthalmus
- †Nototamias
- †Notropis
- †Noturus – tentative report
- Ondatra
- Onychomys
- †Oreodontoides
- Ortalis
- †Osbornodon
- †Otarocyon
- †Oxetocyon
- †Oxydactylus
Spiral-shaped fossilized burrow and associated skeleton of the Oligocene-Miocene beaver Palaeocastor - †Palaeogale
- †Palaeolagus
- †Paracrax
- †Paradaphoenus
- †Paraenhydrocyon
- †Parahippus
- †Paramys
- †Paratomarctus
- †Paratylopus
- †Parictis
- †Peltosaurus
- †Peraceras
- Perognathus
- Peromyscus
- †Philotrox
- †Phlaocyon
- Phrynosoma
- †Planera
- †Platygonus
- †Pliauchenia
- †Pliohippus
Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene camel Poebrotherium - †Pogonodon
- †Procamelus
- †Procastoroides
- †Promartes
- †Promerycochoerus
- †Proscalops
- †Protapirus
- †Proterix
- †Protoceras
- †Protohippus
- †Protolabis
- Pseudacris
Restoration of the Miocene cat Pseudaelurus - †Pseudhipparion
- †Pseudoprotoceras
- Querquedula
- †Rana
- Reithrodontomys
- Rhineura
- Salvadora
- Scaphiopus
- †Sespia
- Sorex
- Spea
- Spermophilus
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Pleistocene elephant relative Stegomastodon - †Steneofiber
- Strix
- †Stylemys
- †Subhyracodon
- †Sunkahetanka
- Sylvilagus
- Tapirus
Restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene rhinoceros Teleoceras - Thamnophis
- Thomomys
- †Titanotylopus
- †Trigenicus
- †Trigonias
- Tympanuchus
- †Ursavus
- †Ustatochoerus
- Zapus
- Zelkova
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References
- Various Contributors to the Paleobiology Database. "Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database". Retrieved 17 December 2021.
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