P-30 radar - Misplaced Pages

Soviet early warning radar

P-30 radar
CIA illustration of a P-30
Country of origin	Soviet Union
Introduced	1955
Type	Early warning Ground control
Frequency	E band/F band
Range	180 km (112 miles)
Altitude	12 km (40,000 feet)
Azimuth	360 degrees
Power	1 MW

The P-30 "Khrustal" (Russian: Хрусталь; English: crystal), also referred to by the NATO reporting name "Big Mesh" in the west, is a 2D E band/F band radar developed and operated by the former Soviet Union.

Development

The P-30 was developed by the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Radio Engineering (VNIIRT) as an early warning ground control and interception radar for the Soviet Air Defence Forces, airforce and navy of the Soviet Union. Crystal was a development of an earlier radar design, the P-20 radar with which it shares many similarities. The radar was developed under the direction of chief designer V. Samarin and by 1955 the radar had completed state trials and was accepted into service.

In 1958 the P-30 was upgraded to provide a 10-15% improvement in the detection range as well as improvements to the systems reliability, the modernised variant entered service in 1959 after completion of state trials. The P-30 has now been superseded by its successors, the P-35 and P-37 radar.

Description

The P-30 is a semi-mobile radar consisting of a trailer mounting the control cabin and transmitter equipment, two Zil trucks carrying the power supply equipment and antenna trailers. The antenna system of the P-30 is composed of two open frame truncated parabolic antenna accomplishing both transmission and reception. Both antenna are fed by a stacked beam composed of six feed horns. The radar uses two antenna to determine target altitude by the V-beam system with azimuth scanned mechanically. The upper antenna is tilted to an angle of 25 degrees from horizontal which results in each target appearing twice on the indicator, the distance between the two allows the targets altitude to be approximately estimated by the operator. The left hand side of the lower antenna carried the antenna array of the NRS-20 IFF secondary radar, which was used to identify detected aircraft as friend or foe.

Variants

P-30-M (NATO reporting name "Big Bar")

Operators

The P-30 was operated by the Soviet Union from 1955 and though they have since become obsolete, they were passed down to successor states after the fall of the Soviet Union. The radar has been exported and continues to serve in some areas around the world.

External links

VNIIRT Archived 2009-02-03 at the Wayback Machine

References

Nance W.H (1968). "Quality Elint". Studies in Intelligence. 12 (2 (Spring)): 7–19.
история: 1947-1970 гг. (in Russian). VNIIRT. 15 January 2002. Archived from the original on 20 April 2008. Retrieved 31 January 2009.
^ РЛС П-30 (in Russian). pvo.guns.ru. 7 August 2000. Retrieved 31 January 2009.
^ "'Big Mesh' GCI radar (Russian Federation), Intelligence systems - Direction-finding". Jane's. 8 June 2000. Archived from the original on 31 May 2012. Retrieved 31 January 2009.
^ Wolff, Christian (2008). "P-30 'Big Mesh'". Archived from the original on 31 May 2009. Retrieved 31 January 2009.
English Translation of Technical Description of Display Equipment of the Soviet P-30-M (BIG BAR) Radar (PDF) (Report). Central Intelligence Agency (published 24 October 2013). June 1964. Retrieved 19 July 2023.
History of Strategic Air and Ballistic Missile Defense Volume II (PDF). United States Army Center of Military History. 2009 . pp. 277–279.

Russian and former Soviet military designation sequences for radar, missile and rocket systems

Radar
systems

Land-based	A-100 P-3 P-8 P-10 P-12 P-14 P-15 P-18 P-19 P-20 P-30 P-35 P-37 P-40 P-50 P-70 P-80 P-100 Kabina 66 Kasta 2E RSN-225 Azov SNR-75 1S91 30N6 36D6 64N6 76N6 96L6E 9S15 9S19 9S32 Duga Dnestr Dnepr Daryal Dunay Volga Don-2N Voronezh Container
Ship-borne
Airborne	N001 N002 N005 N006 N007 N008 N010 N011 N012 N014 N019 N025 N035 N036

Missiles

ICBM	BZhRK GR-1 R-7 R-9 R-16 R-26 R-36 R-36M R-46 RS-24 RS-26 RT-2 RT-2PM RT-2PM2 RT-20 RT-21 RT-23 RS-28 Sarmat UR-100 UR-100MR UR-100N UR-200
IRBM	R-14 RSD-10 Oreshnik
MRBM	R-5 R-12 RT-15
SRBM	2K1 2K6 9K52 9K720 R-1 R-2 R-11 R-11A R-17 OTR-21 OTR-23 TR-1
SLBM	R-13 R-15 R-21 R-27 R-29 R-31 R-39 R-30
Surface-to-surface (cruise)	Burya RSS-40 3M-51 Alfa 3M-54 Kalibr 9M730 Burevestnik
Surface-to-surface (naval)	P-1 P-5 P-15 P-70 P-120 P-270 P-500 P-700 P-750 P-800 P-900 P-900A P-1000 RKV-500A RPK-2 RPK-6 RPK-7 URPK-3 URPK-4 URPK-5
Surface-to-air	2K11 Krug 2K12 Kub 2K22 Tunguska Kashtan CIWS 9K31 Strela-1 9K32 Strela-2 9K33 Osa 9K34 Strela-3 9K38 Igla/9K338 Igla-S 9K333 Verba 9K35 Strela-10 9K37 Buk 9K330 Tor Pantsir-S1 42S6 Morfey S-25 Berkut S-75 Dvina S-125 Neva/Pechora S-200 Angara/Vega/Dubna S-300 S-350 (50R6) Vityaz S-400 Triumf S-500/55R6M Triumfator-M M-11 Shtorm Sosna-R
Air-to-surface	KSR-2 KSR-5 KS-1 K-10S Kh-11 Kh-15 Kh-20 Kh-22 Kh-23 Kh-25 Kh-26 Kh-28 Kh-29 Kh-31 Kh-35 Kh-38 Kh-41 Kh-55 Kh-58 Kh-59 Kh-80 Kh-90 Kh-101 9M114V Shturm-V Hermes-A Kh-47M2 Kinzhal
Air-to-air	K-5 R-3 R-4 R-8 R-23 R-27 R-33 R-37 R-38 R-40 R-60 R-73 R-77 R-172
Anti-tank	3M6 9K111 9K112 9K114 9K115 9K115-2 9K121 9M14 9M15 9M17 9M113 9M117 9M119 9M120 9M123 9M133 9M133M Kornet-M Kornet-D Hermes

Unguided
rockets

Air-launched	RP-1 RP-5 RP-6 RP-9 RP-15 RP-21 RS-82 RS-132
Rocket artillery	BM-14 BM-21 BM-24 BM-25 BM-27 BM-30 TOS-1 TOS-2

Engines

Soviet and Russian military radars

Mobile radars

Metric band	RUS-1 RUS-2 SON-2 P-3 P-8 P-10 P-12 P-14 P-18 Nebo Nebo-M Resonance-N
Centimetric band	SON-4 SON-9 P-20 P-30 P-35 P-37 1L117M P-40 RUS-1 P-70 P-80 Koltso 76N6 96L6E 64L6 76N6 76N6
Decimetric band	P-15 P-19 ST-68 Kama-A Kasta Kasta 2E Podlet Gamma-DE 5N87 Desna-M Protivnik-GE
Height finders	PRV-9 PRV-10 PRV-11 PRV-13 PRV-16 PRV-17
Integrated radars	11Zh6 Sopka-2 Repeinik
Others	Borshchevik

Long range radars

Early-warning radar	29B6 "Container" Volga Voronezh Daugava/Daryal Dnestr/Dnepr Duga
Missile defense	Don-2N Dunay Voronezh
Space domain awareness system	Krona
Others	Vitim

Aviation radars

AEW&C	Liana Vega-M Shmel E-801 Oko

Ship radars

Outdated WW2 and post war	Redut-K Gjujs-1 Gjujs-2 Neptun Fut-N Rif Zarnitsa Shtag-B
Navigational	Don
Surveillance radars	P-500 MR-310 Angara-A MR-350 Podkat MR-800 Flag MR-500 Kliver MR-600 Voskhod MR-650 Podberezovik MR-700 Fregat MR-800 Flag Furke
Artillery fire control	Yakor-M MR-123 Vympel MR-123-02/3 Bagira MR-145 Lev MR-184 Lev-218
Anti-air fire control	ZR41 Volna ZR95
Multifunctional radars	5P-10 Puma MF RLK Zaslon

Counter-battery and other radars

Coastal radars

Weather radar

Control systems

Categories: