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Silver phosphate

Names
IUPAC name Silver(I) phosphate
Other names phosphoric acid, silver(I) salt; argentous phosphate; silver phosphate
Identifiers
CAS Number	7784-09-0
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	140592
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.135
EC Number	232-049-0
PubChem CID	159913
UNII	ZL6T4Y1XP8
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID5064837
InChI InChI=1S/3Ag.H3O4P/c;;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;;(H3,1,2,3,4)/q3*+1;/p-3Key: FJOLTQXXWSRAIX-UHFFFAOYSA-K
SMILES P(=O)()...
Properties
Chemical formula	Ag3PO4
Molar mass	418.574 g/mol
Appearance	Translucent yellow becomes opaque or discolors when impure.
Odor	odorless
Density	6.370 g/cm
Melting point	849 °C (1,560 °F; 1,122 K)
Solubility in water	0.00065 g/100 mL
Solubility product (Ksp)	8.89×10
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−120.0·10 cm/mol
Structure
Crystal structure	cubic
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	2 0 0
Flash point	non-flammable
Safety data sheet (SDS)	Sigma-Alrdich
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). Infobox references

Silver phosphate or silver orthophosphate is a light sensitive, yellow, water-insoluble chemical compound composed of silver and phosphate ions of formula Ag₃PO₄.

Synthesis, reactions and properties

Silver phosphate is formed as a yellow solid precipitate by the reaction between a soluble silver salt, such as silver nitrate, with a soluble orthophosphate. Its solubility product is 8.89×10 mol·dm. The precipitation reaction is analytically significant and can be used in qualitative or quantitative analysis.

This compound dissolves in aqueous ammonia. Large crystals of silver phosphate form upon gradual evaporation of such ammoniacal solutions.

Its structure has been confirmed by X-ray crystallography.

Uses

The precipitation of silver phosphate is useful in traditional analytical chemistry. Precipitation of silver phosphate is also used in silver staining of biological materials (after reduction to silver metal) - as a magnifying agent for phosphate.

Silver phosphate also found use in early photography as a light sensitive agent.

Silver phosphate exhibits antibacterial properties.

Research

Silver phosphate is a high (90%) quantum yield photocatalyst for the visible light photochemical splitting of water and for production of activated oxygen by the same method.

Other silver phosphates

Silver pyrophosphate Ag₄P₂O₇ (CAS No. 13465-97-9) can be prepared as a white precipitate from reaction of silver(I) and pyrophosphate ions. Like silver orthophosphate it is light sensitive. Silver orthophosphate turns red on exposure to light. It has a density of 5.306 g/cm and a melting point of 585 °C. A hydrate also exists which decomposes at 110 °C.

Silver metaphosphate (AgPO₃) (CAS No. 13465-96-8) is a white solid with a density of 6.370 g/cm and a melting point of 482 °C. A hydrate also exists which decomposes at 240 °C.

References

1. John Rumble (June 18, 2018). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (99 ed.). CRC Press. pp. 5–189. ISBN 978-1138561632.
2. Weast, Robert C., ed. (1981). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (62nd ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. B-145. ISBN 0-8493-0462-8..
3. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Phosphates" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 475.
4. Ksp solubility constant for common salts www.solubilityofthing.com
5. SOLUBILITY PRODUCT CONSTANTS Archived 2012-06-15 at the Wayback Machine www.ktf-split.hr
6. Inorganic chemistry, Egon Wiberg, Nils Wiberg, Arnold Frederick Holleman, Academic Press, 2001 p.721 Google Books excerpt
7. F.H. Firsching (1961). "Precipitation of Silver Phosphate from Homogenous Solution". Anal. Chem. 33 (7): 873–874. doi:10.1021/ac60175a018.
8. R. Masse, I, Tordjman, A. Durif (1976). "Affinement de la Structure Cristalline du Monophosphate d'Argent Ag₃PO₄. Existence d'une Forme Haute Témperature". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie. 144 (1–6): 76–81. Bibcode:1976ZK....144...76M. doi:10.1524/zkri.1976.144.1-6.76.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
9. Taichman, R. S.; Hauschka, P. V. (1992). "Effects of interleukin-1? And tumor necrosis factor-? On osteoblastic expression of osteocalcin and mineralized extracellular matrix in vitro" (PDF). Inflammation. 16 (6): 587–601. doi:10.1007/BF00919342. hdl:2027.42/44508. PMID 1459694. S2CID 21949509. Free version
10. Cassell's cyclopaedia of photography, Bernard Edward Jones, Ayer Publishing, 1973, p.401 'Phosphate plates and papers', googlebooks link
11. Nanocoated film as a bacteria killer 23/1/2009, www.nanowerk.com
12. Yi, Z.; Ye, J.; Kikugawa, N.; Kako, T.; Ouyang, S.; Stuart-Williams, H.; Yang, H.; Cao, J.; Luo, W.; Li, Z.; Liu, Y.; Withers, R. L. (2010). "An Orthophosphate Semiconductor with Photooxidation Properties under Visible-Light Irradiation". Nature Materials. 9 (7): 559–564. Bibcode:2010NatMa...9..559Y. doi:10.1038/nmat2780. PMID 20526323.
13. Silver pyrophosphate www.chemicalbook.com
14. Silver Compounds Archived 2013-12-03 at the Wayback Machine p.5, section 2.22, from Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Authors: SAMUEL F. ETRIS (The Silver Institute), C. ROBERT CAPPEL (Eastman Kodak Company), via www.scribd.com
15. ^ Bulletin of the National Research Council, National Research Council (U.S.A), 1950, pp.56-57 google books link
16. Silver metaphosphate www.chemicalbook.com

• Silver compounds
• Phosphates