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Arseniy Yatsenyuk | |
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Deputy | People's Deputy of Ukraine |
Arseniy Petrovych Yatsenyuk (Template:Lang-uk, Ukrainian pronunciation: [ɐr'sɛnʲij pɛt'rɔvɪt͡ʃ jɐt͡sɛ'nʲuk]; born May 22, 1974) is a Ukrainian politician, economist and lawyer who is the Prime Minister of Ukraine, following the 2014 revolution that removed Viktor Yanukovych from power. Yatsenyuk served in the government of Ukraine as Minister of Economy from 2005 to 2006; subsequently he was Foreign Minister of Ukraine in 2007 and Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada (parliament) from 2007 to 2008. Yatsenyuk was one of the leaders of the formerly Ukraine's second biggest party All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland", and former leader of its parliamentary faction. In September 2014 Yatsenyuk started the new party People's Front.
Early life and education
Yatsenyuk was born on May 22, 1974, in the Ukrainian SSR's Chernivtsi. His father, historian Petro Ivanovich Yatsenuk, was a professor at the Faculty of History at Chernivtsi National University and has since become deputy dean of its history faculty. Arseny's mother, Maria Grigoriievna Yatsenyuk (née Bakaj), has long been a French teacher at area high schools and now teaches in the French Department of Foreign Languages at Chernivtsi University. Yatsenyuk primarily speaks Ukrainian and also speaks Russian and English as well as having some knowledge of Romanian.
Ancestry
According to Yatsenyuk, he comes from a family of ethnic Ukrainians. He is of partly Romanian ancestry; one of his ancestors was a citizen of Greater Romania from the region around Chernivtsi. Some sources state he was born tо a family of ethnic Jewish-Ukrainians. An article by Harriet Salem in The Guardian states that he "has played down his Jewish-Ukrainian origins, possibly because of the prevalence of antisemitism in his party's western Ukraine heartland." However, Yaakov Bleich, a chief rabbi of Ukraine, responding to slurs such as "impudent Jew" and "thieving Jew" made against Yatsenyuk during the latter's 2010 presidential election campaign, stated, "Arseniy Yatsenyuk is not Jewish." Furthermore, Anna Rudnitskaya writing on the same presidential election in The Jewish Week said, " hypothetical Jewishness was never established."
Education
After Yatsenyuk began studying at Chernivtsi University in 1992, he set up a student law firm. Yatsenyuk graduated from the university in 1996, and later attended the Chernivtsi Trade-Economics Institute of the "Kyiv National Trade-Economics Institute" in 2001. In addition to holding a law degree and a master's degree in accounting and auditing, Yatsenyuk also earned a Ph.D. in economics from the Ukrainian Academy of Banking of the National Bank of Ukraine.
Legal and banking careers
From December 1992 to September 1997 Yatsenyuk was the president of "Yurek Ltd." law firm, based in Chernivtsi. From January 1998 until September 2001, Yatsenyuk worked in the Aval bank, based in Kiev. From November 2003 to February 2005, Yatsenyuk served as the first vice-president of the head of the National Bank of Ukraine under Serhiy Tihipko. After Tihipko left the National Bank, Arseniy Yatsenyuk was put in charge of the National Bank.
Political career
From September until November 2001, Yatsenyuk served as an acting Minister of Economy of Crimea, and from November of the same year until January 2003, served as the official Minister of Economy of Crimea.
After Vasyl Tsushko was appointed as the new Governor of Odessa Oblast, Tsushko asked Yatsenyuk to serve as his vice-governor, which he served from March 9 to September 2005. From September 27, 2005 to August 4, 2006, he served as the Minister of Economy of Ukraine in the Yekhanurov Government. Arseniy Yatsenyuk then headed talks about Ukrainian membership in the World Trade Organization. Yatsenyuk also heads the Ukraine-European Union commission.
From September 20, 2006, he served as the first vice-president of the Head of Secretariat of the President of Ukraine, and the representative of the president in the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.
Yatsenyuk was proposed for the post of Foreign Minister by the President of Ukraine, Viktor Yushchenko. Yatsenyuk was chosen for the post by the Verkhovna Rada (parliament) on March 21, 2007 with 426 votes (from 450 maximum), but only after the Ukrainian parliament twice denied the post to Volodymyr Ohryzko.
Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada
In the early parliamentary elections held on September 30, 2007, Yatsenyuk was elected to the parliament from Our Ukraine–People's Self-Defense Bloc (number 3 in the bloc's member list). On December 3, 2007, he was nominated for the position of the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada from the democratic coalition formed from the Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc and Our Ukraine–People's Self-Defense Bloc. On December 4, 2007, Yatsenyuk was elected the Chairman of the Parliament. His candidacy was the only in the ballot, and he obtained 227 votes in favor (from the democratic coalition; opposition abstained from the voting).
During the Ukrainian political crises of September 2008 Yatsenyuk offered his resignation on September 17, 2008. A vote on his dismissal on November 11, 2008, was declared invalid by the counting commission of the Parliament (the vote was proposed by opposition party Party of Regions).
On November 12, a total of 233 of 226 required deputies satisfied the resignation statement of Yatsenyuk and thus dismissed him from his post of Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada. The voting was carried out through the parliaments voting system and not by means of secret ballots, as stipulated by the parliamentary regulations. After his dismissal Yatsenyuk told journalists that he will form a new political force "for change in the country."
On November 21, 2008, Yatsenyuk was also dismissed by President Viktor Yushchenko from the National Security and Defense Council.
2010 presidential campaign
On December 16, 2008, Yatsenyuk announced plans to create a political party on basis of the Front of Changes public initiative. In an interview with Den of February 4, 2009 he claimed to have no allies among the contemporary politicians. He has often been referred to as a political clone lacking differentiating policies of Ukraine's President, Viktor Yushchenko. According to polls held in the last months of 2008 suggested a political party led by Yatsenyuk would pass the 3 percent election threshold in a Ukrainian parliamentary election.
On April 5, 2009, Yatsenyuk announced his candidacy for President of Ukraine in the next presidential election. During the election campaign fellow candidate Serhiy Ratushniak repeatedly insulted Yatsenyuk because of his alleged Jewish roots, among others Ratushniak called Yatsenyuk an "impudent little Jew" who was "successfully serving the thieves who are in power in Ukraine and is using criminal money to plough ahead towards Ukraine's presidency".
Yatsenyuk's presidential campaign was estimated to cost about $60–$70 million. When Yatsenyuk billboards first appeared around Ukraine at the end of June 2009, Yatseniuk was depicted as a military-style leader, while his previous image was that of a "young liberal". Some analysts think that this did not help the campaign. On January 13, 2010 Yatseniuk stated that his election campaign had cost 80 million Hryvnia and that "The number of my advertising posters is ten times less than that of all of my political opponents"; Yatseniuk claimed that funds from his election budget were mainly spent on his appearances on television.
After the elections Yatsenyuk wanted to dissolve the Verkhovna Rada because in his view the parliament would prevent him from working. He also stated in November 2009 that Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko and Party of Regions were "almost a single whole".
In late November 2009, he stated he was not interested in "using his votes as bargaining material" for a high political post.
Arseniy Yatsenyuk's voice recorded on "Echo of Moscow" in June 2011Problems playing this file? See media help.
On February 21, 2010 President Yanukovych offered three candidates for Prime Minister of Ukraine: Serhiy Tihipko, Yatsenyuk and Party of Regions lawmaker Mykola Azarov. But Yatsenyuk declined this proposal to hold a high post in the new cabinet after the Ukrainian parliament adopted an amendment on March 9, 2010 which enabled independent lawmakers to take part in forming a majority coalition, instead of only parliamentary factions; Yatsenyuk disapproved of this amendment. Instead he called for early parliamentary elections: "Unconstitutional attempts by parliamentarians to form a coalition and a government would deepen the political crisis and the crisis of statehood as such". To be premier in a coalition with communists was unacceptable for Yatsenyuk. Yatsenyuk formed an oppositional government in March 2010, next to another oppositional government headed by Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko, opposing the Azarov Government. In April 2010 Yatsenyuk was officially chosen as party leader of Front for Change; by that time the public initiative had become a political party also.
Parliament faction leader
During the October 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election Yatsenyuk competed on a party list based on the party All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland". Yatseniuk stressed in April 2012 "Front of Changes existed and will exist" but also hinted the same month the alliance could lay basis for one single party.
The party competed on one single party under "umbrella" party "Fatherland", together with several other parties, during the October 2012 parliamentary elections. During the election this list won 62 seats (25.55% of the votes) under the proportional party-list system and another 39 by winning 39 simple-majority constituencies; a total of 101 seats in Parliament. Yatsenyuk headed this election list because "Fatherland"-leader Yulia Tymoshenko was imprisoned. Yatsenyuk was elected leader of the parliamentary faction of "Fatherland" on 12 December 2012.
On 15 June 2013 his Front for Change (party) merged into "Fatherland".
On October 27, 2013, a few weeks before first Euromaidan mass protests on Maidan Nezalezhnosti, Yatseniuk contributed to a Trilateral Commission meeting in Krakow, presided over by Jean-Claude Trichet, on the topic "Ukraine and European Union".
On January 25, 2014, Yatsenyuk was offered the post of prime minister by President Viktor Yanukovych but refused due to unmet demands. Yatsenyuk said the people should be making a decision for the future of Ukraine, not the present government officials.
Prime Minister
Main articles: First Yatsenyuk Government and Second Yatsenyuk GovernmentYatsenyuk was designated as the new Prime Minister of the Yatsenyuk Government following the 2014 Ukrainian revolution that removed former President Viktor Yanukovych from power. The new government was sworn in on 27 February 2014. After his appointment, Yatsenyuk started to distance himself and his government from Russia, which at the same time invaded and later annexed Crimea in response to the ouster of Yanukovych. As the Ukrainian head of government, Yatsenyuk was involved in the Crimean crisis. He described his government as being on a "kamikaze" mission. On 21 March 2014, Ukraine signed the political part of the Association Agreement with European Union with the economical part of the treaty to be signed after the presidential election in May 2014. The day before Yatsenyuk was replaced (due to his new position) as his party's faction leader in parliament by Sergei Sobolev.
On 24 July 2014, Yatsenyuk announced that he was resigning from the post of Prime Minister immediately. Earlier that day the coalition supporting his Yatsenyuk Government had collapsed, after parliament failed to pass legislation to increase military financing and regulate energy matters. Yatsenyuk had told parliament "History will not forgive us ... how are we to pay wages, how are we tomorrow morning going to send fuel for armoured vehicles, how will we pay those families who have lost soldiers, to look after the army?" During his announcement of resignation in parliament Yatsenyuk hinted that the coalition had collapsed because politicians did not want to be seen involved in making budget cuts and had thus placed "political interest above the fate of the country"; according to him this was "a moral and an ethical crime". But his resignation has yet to be officially accepted by parliament and they did not do this the day after his resignation. Instead MPs decided that their next meeting will be on 31 July 2014.
On 31 July 2014 the Verkhovna Rada declined his resignation because only 16 (of the 450) MPs voted for his resignation. On 25 June 2014 the Yatsenyuk Government had appointed Deputy Prime Minister for Regional Policy – Minister of Regional Development, Construction and Housing and Communal Services of Ukraine Volodymyr Hroisman as acting Prime Minister.
On 10 September, Yatsenyuk became founding member the new party People's Front. This was 46 days before the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election. Yatsenyuk was confirmed as prime minister at the first session of the new parliament by 341 votes.
Political positions
Yatsenyuk during the Yalta European Strategy conference 2011“Ukraine is still not a democracy”
Yatsenyuk does not want Russian to become the second state language in Ukraine.
Yatsenyuk wants European Union membership for Ukraine. and he sees this "because this means standards and values – a level of education, medical treatment, pensions, employment, freedoms, new technologies, and progress". Yatsenyuk stated late 2009 that in its relations with the European Union, Ukraine should have a visa-free regime with EU countries. Yatsenyuk stated on 20 April 2012 it was clear to him that the European Union will not sign the association agreement "until fully fledged democracy is resumed in Ukraine, free and fair elections are held, and the political persecution of opponents is stopped in Ukraine".
Yatsenyuk is against Ukraine joining the Customs Union of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia; according to him "Ukraine's joining the Customs Union means the restoration of the Soviet Union in a slightly different form and with a different name. But this means that the country will become a part of the Russian empire. We know history. We have been there and we don't want to return there". On 21 August 2013 Yatsenyuk stated "Russia has decided for some reason that it can be the architect of a new Berlin wall. And, according to Russia’s design, this wall should appear at the border between Ukraine and the European Union".
Yatsenyuk is against privatization of state property and wants to simplify the civil service. Yatsenyuk has stated in November 2009 that the question of the Russian Black Sea Fleet's withdrawal (then lease was originally supposed to end in 2017) from Ukraine is not currently on the agenda, and the question should be discussed in 2016. Yatsenyuk was against the April 21, 2010 agreement in which the Russian lease on naval facilities in Crimea would be extended beyond 2017 by 25 years with an additional five-year renewal option (to 2042–47) in exchange for a multiyear discounted contract to provide Ukraine with Russian natural gas. Yatsenyuk favours the creation of a special "vice prime minister for Crimean issues".
In November 2009, Yatsenyuk stated that Ukraine's shadow economy "is a part of the current political system in Ukraine and that's why taking business out of the shadows will only be possible via a change in this system". In November 2009 he saw as his most difficult task if elected President "to break the political clan system that has been built up over the last 18 years". Yatsenyuk wants to create a common energy company with European Union countries and Russia.
According to Yatsenyuk it will be impossible to fight corruption without changing the country's system of government, "The system of government in Ukraine has in fact remained the same as it was under the Soviet Union".
In late July 2010, Yatsenyuk wrote a draft law which proposed to fine officials for violating the law "On Appeals by Citizens", thus holding officials personally accountable for ignoring the complaints of citizens.
In November 2009, he proposed that a referendum be held on if Ukraine should have an open list voting system. Yatsenyuk is in favour of holding referenda; he calls this "nationalization of state power". The amendment of the terms and conditions of the Russian Black Sea Fleet's presence in Ukraine and a decision on Ukraine's membership of NATO and other military alliances are according to Yatsenyuk only possible through a referendum.
Yatsenyuk has stated the convicted politicians Yulia Tymoshenko and Yuriy Lutsenko should be released and has proposed/written laws to make this happen. He also believes their convictions are a "difficult obstacle on Ukraine's path to the European Union." In early December 2012, he stated that he was ready to open a dialogue with the authorities only after Tymoshenko and Lutsenko were released.
Yatsenyuk opposes participation of Ukrainian troops in peacekeeping operations abroad. Yatsenyuk opposes same-sex marriage, because it contradicts his personal beliefs as a Greek Catholic.
Family
Yatsenyuk's wife is Tereza Viktorivna (b. 1970), they also have two daughters named Khrystyna and Sofiya. Tereza Yatsenyuk was born into a family of philosophers. Her father, Viktor Illarionovych Gur, works as a professor of philosophy at the Kyiv Polytechnic Institute; her mother Svitlana Mykytivna, PhD, is now retired. Yatsenyuk's family lives near Kiev (the village of Novi Petrivtsi, Vyshhorod Raion) since 2003, where he owns a two-storeyed house with an outdoor swimming pool, near the country house belonging to Viktor Yanukovych.
Yatsenyuk also has a sister Alina Petrovna Jones (according to other sources – Steel, born 1967), residing in the city of Santa Barbara, California United States.
Open Ukraine
Arseniy Yatsenuk heads the Open Ukraine Foundation, an international foundation based in Ukraine. It was established in July 2007 for the "strengthening and development of Ukraine's reputation in the world." Open Ukraine works with the young generation of artists, scholars and community leaders who seek to implement social changes in the different regions.
Open Ukraine is partnered with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the United States Department of State and Chatham House, among other organizations.
Awards
- Cavalier of the Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise Fifth Class – awarded on 7 February 2008 for significant personal contribution to the integration of Ukraine into the World Trade Organization
- Medal "For the Glory of Chernivtsi" (2008)
Notes
- Template:Eastern Slavic name
- Yuriy Lutsenko was released from prison on 7 April 2013 because Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych pardoned him (among others) for health reasons.
References
- ^ Official website of the "Front for Change" - Arseniy Yatsenyuk Family Tree Template:Uk icon
Official website of Arseniy Yatsenyuk - Arseniy Yatsenyuk Family Tree Template:Uk icon - ^ "Obama Makes Push for Political Solution to Crisis in Ukraine". New York Times. 2014.
- "Майдану показали майбутніх міністрів. Яценюк - прем'єр". Pravda. 2014.
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- ^ Sobolev: Front for Change and Reform and Order Party to join Batkivschyna, Interfax-Ukraine (11 June 2013)
Front for Change, Reforms and Order to dissolve for merger with Batkivshchyna - Sobolev, Ukrinform (11 June 2013) - ^ Template:Uk icon Sobolev heads "Batkivshchyna" in the Rada, Televiziyna Sluzhba Novyn (20 March 2014)
- ^ Template:Uk iconYatsenyuk became a leader of the "People's Front" political council, while Turchynov is a head of its headquarters. Ukrayinska Pravda. 10 September 2014
Ukrainian PM, Parliament Speaker to Head Newly Formed Popular Front Party, RIA Novosti (10 September 2014) - ^ Чаленко Александр. "Яценюк нашел жену в банке, а с первой красавицей Украины учился в одной школе". Retrieved October 30, 2014.
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- Yatseniuk says state management system should be simplified, Kyiv Post (October 12, 2009)(subscription required)
- No Russian fleet in Ukraine beyond 2017 -Ukrainian PM, UNIAN (24-09-2008)
- Yatsenyuk says question of Russian fleet's presence in Ukraine should be postponed until 2016, Kyiv Post (November 9, 2009)(subscription required)
- Deal Struck on Gas, Black Sea Fleet, The Moscow Times (April 21, 2010)
- Yatseniuk calls on president not to submit Russian naval base deal to parliament for ratification, Kyiv Post (April 22, 2010)(subscription required)
- Agreement on Black Sea Fleet may be denounced, says Yatseniuk, Kyiv Post (April 27, 2010)(subscription required)
- Yatseniuk: Crimea should become 'Ukrainian Hong Kong', Kyiv Post (November 11, 2009)(subscription required)
- Yatseniuk: Business will come out of shadows only via change of political system, Kyiv Post (November 19, 2009)(subscription required)
- Yatseniuk sees no prospects for reforming Ukraine without fight against corruption, Kyiv Post (April 19, 2010)(subscription required)
- Yatseniuk: Officials should be held personally accountable for ignoring the complaints of citizens, Kyiv Post (July 30, 2010)(subscription required)
- If elected president, Yatseniuk promises to transfer power to the people, Kyiv Post (December 4, 2009)(subscription required)
- Yatseniuk proposes amnesty for Tymoshenko and Lutsenko this year, Kyiv Post (14 March 2012)(subscription required)
- Ukraine President Viktor Yanukovych pardons Yulia Tymoshenko allies, BBC News (8 April 2013)
- Ukrainian leader Yanukovych pardons Tymoshenko ally, BBC News (7 April 2013)
- Ukrainian president pardons Lutsenko and Filipchuk – decree, Interfax-Ukraine (7 April 2013)
- Yatseniuk against participation of Ukrainian troops in peacekeeping operations abroad, Kyiv Post (January 11, 2010)(subscription required)
- Leading Ukraine Opposition figure surprises supporters by denouncing gay marriage, LGBT Weekly (March 20, 2013)
- "Arseniy Yatsenyuk. New millioner in Yanukovich's Cabmin" (in Russian). Ukrayinska Pravda. March 21, 2007.
- Чаленко Александр. "Внутри резиденции Виктора Януковича – бассейн и кенгуру". Retrieved October 30, 2014.
- "Mission". Open Ukraine. 2014.
- "Partners". Open Ukraine. 2014.
- "Указ Президента України № 108/2008 від 7 лютого 2008 року «Про відзначення державними нагородами України»". Retrieved October 30, 2014.
- "Арсеній Яценюк нагороджений медаллю «На славу Чернівців» // Чернівецький інформаційно-розважальний портал CITI.cv.ua, 04 жовтня 2008". Retrieved October 30, 2014.
External links
- Arseniy Yatsenyuk - Official website Template:Uk icon
- Arseniy Yatsenyuk on Facebook
- "Verkhovna Rada deputies' thoughts about Yatsenyuk" (in Ukrainian). Novyi Region 2.
Political offices | ||
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Preceded byVolodymyr Ohryzko Acting |
Minister of Foreign Affairs 2007 |
Succeeded byVolodymyr Ohryzko |
Preceded byOleksandr Moroz | Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada 2007–2008 |
Succeeded byOleksandr Lavrynovych Acting |
Preceded bySerhiy Arbuzov Acting |
Prime Minister of Ukraine 2014–present |
Incumbent |
Foreign Ministers of Ukraine (since 1990) | ||
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Verkhovna Rada | |||||||
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List of chairmen |
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Candidates in the 2010 Ukrainian presidential election | |
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Euromaidan and the Revolution of Dignity | |||||
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21 November 2013 – 23 February 2014 | |||||
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(Pro-) Russian |
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Ukrainian |
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- 1974 births
- Living people
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- Recipients of the Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, 5th class