| Monoclonal antibody | |
|---|---|
| Type | Whole antibody |
| Source | Humanized (from mouse) |
| Target | CD74 |
| Clinical data | |
| ATC code |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | |
| ChemSpider |
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| UNII | |
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| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C6518H10066N1758O2020S40 |
| Molar mass | 146658.91 g·mol |
| (what is this?) (verify) | |
Milatuzumab (or hLL1) is an anti-CD74 humanized monoclonal antibody for the treatment of multiple myeloma non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
The drug is the first anti-CD74 antibody that has entered into human testing and is currently being studied for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Milatuzumab has received orphan drug designation from the Food and Drug Administration in the United States for the treatment of multiple myeloma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Milatuzumab was developed by Immunomedics, Inc, (Morris Plains NJ USA).
CD74
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CD74 is present on a variety of hematological tumors and even on some solid cancers. It is present in limited amounts in normal tissues but widely found in leukemias, lymphomas and the vast majority of multiple myeloma cases. CD74 is involved in a cell-to-cell communication pathway that is critical for survival. When CD74 is blocked by milatuzumab, it can lead to cell death.
CD74 is an attractive target for a drug conjugate because of its rapid internalizing property.
In preclinical studies with human lymphomas and myelomas, both naked Milatuzumab and the Milatuzumab conjugated with doxorubicin, an antibody-drug conjugate or ADC, have demonstrated anti-lymphoma activity in-vivo.
Antibody-drug Conjugates
IMMU-110
- hLL1-Dox
- Milatuzumab has been linked to doxorubicin to form an antibody-drug conjugate or ADC (known as hLL1-Dox or IMMU-110) for treatment of relapsed multiple myeloma. A Phase I/II clinical trial to evaluate this milatuzumab-doxorubicin conjugate began in 2010, but was terminated in 2021 due to lack of efficacy.
References
- Stein R, Mattes MJ, Cardillo TM, Hansen HJ, Chang CH, Burton J, et al. (September 2007). "CD74: a new candidate target for the immunotherapy of B-cell neoplasms". Clinical Cancer Research. 13 (18 Pt 2): 5556s–5563s. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-1167. PMID 17875789. S2CID 23818626.
- Alinari L, Yu B, Christian BA, Yan F, Shin J, Lapalombella R, et al. (April 2011). "Combination anti-CD74 (milatuzumab) and anti-CD20 (rituximab) monoclonal antibody therapy has in vitro and in vivo activity in mantle cell lymphoma". Blood. 117 (17): 4530–4541. doi:10.1182/blood-2010-08-303354. PMC 3099572. PMID 21228331.
- Berkova Z, Tao RH, Samaniego F (January 2010). "Milatuzumab - a promising new immunotherapeutic agent". Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs. 19 (1): 141–9. doi:10.1517/13543780903463854. PMID 19968579. S2CID 207475327.
- Anti-CD74 antibody-doxorubicin conjugate, IMMU-110, in a human multiple myeloma xenograft and in monkeys. P. Sapra, R. Stein, J. Pickett, Z. Qu, S.V. Govindan, T.M. Cardillo, H.J. Hansen, I.D. Horak, G.L. Griffiths, D.M. Goldenberg. Clin Cancer Res 11:5257-5264, 2005.
- "Milatuzumab-Doxorubicin (IMMU-110 / hLL1-dox) Clinical Trials". ADC Review / Journal of Antibody-drug Conjugates.
- "Immunomedics initiates dosing in milatuzumab-doxorubicin conjugate Phase I/II trial for relapsed multiple myeloma". News Medical and Immunomedics Press Release. 16 June 2010.
- Clinical trial number NCT01101594 for "A Phase I/II Study of hLL1-DOX (Milatuzumab-Doxorubicin Antibody-Drug Conjugate) in Patients With Multiple Myeloma" at ClinicalTrials.gov