Misplaced Pages

As used here, an experimental or research and development aircraft, sometimes also called an X-plane, is one which is designed or substantially adapted to investigate novel flight technologies.

Argentina

• FMA I.Ae. 37 glider – testbed for production fighter

Australia

• GAF Pika – manned test craft for drone program

Brazil

• Baumgartl PB-60 – towed experimental rotor kite

Canada

• AEA Silver Dart (1909) – First aircraft to fly in Canada
• Avro Canada Avrocar – Ducted fan VTOL
• Birdman Project 102 –
• Canadair CL-52 – jet engine testbed (converted Boeing B-47)
• Canadair CL-84 Dynavert – tilt-wing VTOL
• de Havilland Canada C-8A – Quiet Short-Haul Research Aircraft
• de Havilland Canada C-8A – Air-Cushion Landing System
• de Havilland Canada C-8A – Augmentor Wing
• Marsden Gemini – variable-geometry glider
• NRC tailless glider – tailless flying wing
• UTIAS Ornithopter No.1

France

• Aérocentre NC.130 1939 – High-altitude flight
• Aérospatiale Ludion 1967 – Thrust vectored rocket VTOL
• Arsenal-Delanne 10 – Tandem wing
• Arsenal VG 70 – High speed research
• Arsenal O.101 – Aerodynamic research
• Arsenal 2301/SFECMAS 2301 and SFECMAS 1301 – Supersonic research glider
• Breguet-Dorand Gyroplane Laboratoire – Experimental helicopter
• Breguet-Richet Gyroplane – Experimental helicopter
• Breguet Laboratoire Eiffel [fr] – Monoplane testbed
• Dassault Balzac V – VTOL testbed
• Dassault Mirage IIIV – VTOL testbed
• Dassault Milan – Canard research
• Dassault Mirage G – Variable geometry
• Dassault LOGIDUC – Unmanned combat aerial vehicle UCAV development
• Dassault nEUROn – UCAV technology demonstrator
• Farman F.1010 – Heavy cannon flight testing
• Farman F.1020 – Semi-circular wing
• Fouga Gemeaux – Engine testbed
• Gastambide-Levavasseur Variable Surface Aircraft – Variable chord wing testbed
• Gérin Varivol – Variable chord wing testbed

• Hanriot HD.28 – tested a Vee tail
• Hurel-Dubois HD.10 – Very high aspect ratio wings
• Leduc 0.10 – Ramjet
• Leduc 0.21 – Ramjet
• Makhonine Mak-10 – Variable span wing
• Messier Monoplace Laboratorie – Retractable bicycle undercarriage testbed.
• Nord 500 – VTOL tilt ducted fan research aircraft
• Nord 1402/1405 Gerfaut – Delta wing research aircraft
• Nord 1500 Griffon – Ramjet
• Nord 1601 – Swept wing research aircraft
• Payen PA-22 – Tandem delta/normal wings
• Payen Pa 49 – Tandem delta/normal wings
• Potez-CAMS 160 – 5/13th scale six engine aerodynamic testbed for development of CAMS 161
• Robin X4 – Materials and configuration testbed
• SNECMA Atar Volant – Vertical lift jet
• SNECMA Coléoptère – Vertical lift annular wing
• Sud Est SE-1210 scale aerodynamic testbed for SE-1200 transatlantic flying boat
• Sud-Ouest Ariel – Tip-jet rotor helicopter
• Sud-Ouest Farfadet – Convertiplane
• Sud-Ouest Triton – First French jet aircraft

Germany

• Akaflieg Berlin B 9 1943. – Prone pilot
• Albatros L.81 – Elektron metal structure testbed
• AVA AF 1 – Augumented lift
• DFS 194 1940 – Tailless rocket aircraft used in development of Me 163
• DFS 346 1948 – Supersonic reconnaissance aircraft used for research
• Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet TransSonische Tragflügel (TST) – Transonic supercritical wing research
• Dornier Do 29 – Tilt rotor STOL

• Dornier Do 31 – Experimental VTOL transport
• EWR VJ 101 – Experimental tiltjet VTOL fighter
• Fieseler Fi 158 – Testbed for radio control system
• Flettner airplane – Magnus effect test vehicle
• Flettner Fl 185 – Gyrodyne
• Focke-Wulf F 19 – Multi-engined canard demonstrator
• Fokker V.1 – Structures and aerodynamics testbed
• Göppingen Gö 8 – Development aircraft for Do 214
• Göppingen Gö 9 – Pusher (behind tail) aerodynamic testbed for Dornier Do 335 development
• Gotha Go 147 – Tailless research aircraft

• Heinkel He 119 – High-performance research aircraft
• Heinkel He 176 – Rocket research aircraft
• Heinkel He 178 – Jet engine research aircraft
• Horten H.III – Flying wing
• Horten H.IV – Flying wing
• Horten Ho VI – Flying wing
• Junkers J 1 – Pioneering all-metal cantilever monoplane (1915)
• Junkers EF 61 – Pressurization
• Junkers Ju 49 – High-altitude test aircraft
• Lippisch Delta IV – Delta wing
• Lippisch DM-1 1944 – Delta wing glider
• Lippisch Ente – Rocket-powered canard technology demonstrator
• Lippisch P.13a – Coal-powered delta wing
• Messerschmitt Me P.1101 – Variable geometry (swing-wing) jet
• Opel RAK.1 – Rocket propulsion technology demonstrator
• RFB X-113 – Wing in ground effect vehicle
• RFB X-114 – Wing in ground effect vehicle
• Sack AS-6 – Disk wing technology demonstrator
• Schmeidler SN.2 – Wing flaps
• VFW VAK 191B – VTOL fighter
• Zeppelin-Lindau V I – All-metal stressed skin construction

Italy

• Ambrosini Sagittario 1953 – Swept wing research aircraft
• Bossi-Bonomi Pedaliante 1936 – Human-powered aircraft
• Caproni Campini N.1 1940 – Jet engine research
• Jona J-6 – Tilting wing stabilisation system
• Lualdi-Tassotti ES 53 – Gyro stabilized helicopter
• Piaggio P.111 – High-altitude research
• S.C.A. SS.2 – Experimental canard
• S.C.A. SS.3 Anitra – Experimental canard
• Stipa-Caproni – Ducted prop research

Poland

• Flugtechnische Fertigungsgemeinschaft Prag FGP 227 – Scale proof of concept for German BV 238
• Lala-1 – Jet biplane testbed for PZL M-15 Belphegor

Japan

• 

  Gasuden Koken 1937 – Long range experimental aircraft
• Honda MH02 1993 – Over wing engines, forward swept wing
• Kawasaki Ki-78 1942 – High speed research aircraft
• Kayaba Ku-2 1940 – Tailless glider
• Kayaba Ku-3 – Tailless glider
• Kayaba Ku-4 – Tailless research aircraft
• Kimura HK-1 – Tailless glider
• Mitsubishi RP-1 – Experimental helicopter
• MXY-6 – Canard scale testbed for Kyushu J7W
• X1G – High-lift device based on Saab 91 Safir
• National Aerospace Laboratory (NAL) Asuka – STOL
• Shin Meiwa UF-XS – Proof of concept demonstrator for Shin Meiwa US-1A
• Mitsubishi T-2CCV - Experimental aircraft for CCV technology
• Mitsubishi X-2 Shinshin – Advanced stealth technology demonstrator

Russia/Soviet Union

• Alexeyev – Ekranoplans
• Antonov A-40 1942 – Tank glider
• Antonov 181 – Blown channel wing demonstrator
• Bartini Beriev VVA-14 1972 – Ekranoplan ground effect vehicle
• Bartini Stal-6 – High speed aircraft
• Chyeranovskii BICh-3 – Tailless delta research aircraft
• Chyeranovskii BICh-11 – Flying wing to test wingtip rudders
• Chyeranovskii BICh-16 – Human-powered ornithopter
• Chyeranovskii BICh-18 – Human-powered ornithopter
• Chizhevski BOK-1 – High-altitude research aircraft
• Chizhevski BOK-5 – Tailless research aircraft
• Grigorovich I-Z – Recoilless cannon evaluation
• Grushin Octyabrenok – Tandem wing
• Ilyushin Il-76LL – Engine testbeds (5)
• Kozlov PS – Visibility (covered in transparent material)
• MAI EMAI – Magnesium construction
• Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-8 Utka – Pusher canard proof of concept (1945)
• Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-105 – Lifting body
• Mikoyan Project 1.44 – Technology demonstrator
• Mikoyan-Gurevich N – Mixed propulsion system

• Moskalyev SAM-9 Strela – Delta wing
• NIAI RK – Telescopic wings
• NIAI RK-I – Telescopic wings
• Nikitin PSN-2 – Glider bombers
• Sukhanov Diskoplan – Disk wings
• Sukhoi T-10 – Technology demonstrator
• Sukhoi T-58VD – VTOL research aircraft
• Sukhoi Su-47 – Technology demonstrator
• Thermoplan – Heavy lift lenticular-shaped hybrid airship technology demonstrator
• Tsybin LL – Forward swept wing
• Tsybin NM-1 – Proof of concept
• Tupolev Tu-95LAL – Nuclear-powered aircraft
• Ushakov – Flying submarines
• Yakovlev Yak-36 – VTOL technology demonstrator
• Yakovlev Yak-42LL – Progress D-236 propfan engine testbed
• Yakovlev Yak-1000 – Supersonic technology demonstrator
• Zveno project – Parasite fighters

Spain

• Cierva C.4 1923 – Experimental autogyro, first to fly
• Cierva C.6 1924 – Experimental autogyro

Sweden

• Saab 201 - Aerodynamic testbed for Saab 29 Tunnan
• Saab 202 – Aerodynamic testbed for Saab 32 Lansen
• Saab 210 1952 – Aerodynamic testbed for double delta concept for Saab 35 Draken

Switzerland

• Solar Impulse Project – Solar power technology demonstrator

United Kingdom

• Armstrong Whitworth Ape 1926 – Variable configuration aerodynamic test vehicle
• Armstrong Whitworth A.W.52 1947 – Jet powered flying wing
• Avro 707 1949 – Aerodynamic proof of concept for Avro Vulcan delta wing bomber
• Avro Ashton – Jet engine research vehicle based on Avro Tudor
• BAC 221 – High speed delta wing research
• Baynes Bat – Experimental tailless glider
• Blackburn B-20 – Retractable hull seaplane
• Boulton Paul P.6 – Wing research
• Boulton Paul P.92 – Half-scale proof of concept for turret fighter
• Boulton Paul P.111 – Delta-wing research aircraft
• Boulton Paul P.120 – Delta-wing research aircraft
• Bristol 138 – High-altitude research aircraft
• Bristol 188 – High speed flight research
• British Aerospace EAP – Technology demonstrator
• Cierva W.9 – Experimental helicopter with anti-torque jet efflux
• de Havilland DH 108 Swallow – Swept wing tailless transsonic research aircraft
• English Electric P.1A – Supersonic research aircraft
• modified Fairey Battle – Engine testbed for Rolls-Royce Exe, Fairey Prince (H-16) and Napier Dagger.
• Fairey Delta 1 – Delta-wing research aircraft
• Fairey Delta 2 – Delta-wing research aircraft
• Fairey Jet Gyrodyne – Jet-powered rotor technology demonstrator
• Folland Fo.108 – Engine test bed
• General Aircraft GAL.56 – Tailless swept wing glider
• Gloster E.28/39 – Jet engine research
• Gloster Meteor F8 "Prone Pilot" – Prone position flight control research
• Gloster Trent Meteor – Turboprop propulsion
• Hafner A.R.III Gyroplane – Experimental autogyro
• Handley Page H.P.17 – Aerodynamic slot research
• Handley Page H.P.20 – Aerodynamic slot research
• Handley Page H.P.75 Manx – Tailless flight research
• Handley Page HP.88 – Handley Page Victor aerodynamic testbed
• Handley Page HP.115 – Low speed delta-wing research
• Hawker P.1052 – Swept wing testbed
• Hawker P.1072 – Armstrong Siddeley Snarler rocket booster testbed
• Hawker P.1127 – V/STOL technology demonstrator, led to Hawker Harrier
• Hillson Bi-mono – Slip-wing research
• Hunting H.126 – Blown flap research
• Miles M.3E Gillette Falcon – High speed flight research
• Miles M.30 – Blended wing body design
• Miles M.35 Libellula – Tandem-wing fighter testbed
• Miles M.39B Libellula – Tandem-wing research
• Miles M.52 – Supersonic flight research
• Parnall Parasol – Wing pressure and aileron testing
• Parnall Peto – Experimental submarine-launched aircraft
• Parnall Prawn – Flying boat testing buried engine with variable-angle thrust line
• Reid and Sigrist R.S.4 Bobsleigh – Prone-pilot research
• Rolls-Royce Thrust Measuring Rig – Low speed VTOL control test rig

• Saro Shrimp – Experimental half-scale flying boat for development of cancelled Saunders-Roe S.38
• Saunders-Roe SR.53 – Mixed rocket/jet propulsion development aircraft for cancelled Saunders-Roe SR.177
• Short Cockle – Metal construction technology demonstrator for flying boats
• Short Mussel – Testing metal construction techniques for aircraft floats
• Short S.6 Sturgeon – Tested aluminium construction techniques for aircraft
• Short S.31 – Half-scale model for Short Stirling development
• Short SB.1 – Tailless glider for isoclinic wing research
• Short SB.4 Sherpa – Powered isoclinic wing research
• Short SB.5 – English Electric Lightning wing research
• Short SC.1 – VTOL research
• Short Silver Streak – Stressed skin construction, developed into Short Springbok
• Supermarine 508 – Development aircraft with vee tail
• Supermarine 525 – Swept wing development aircraft for Supermarine Scimitar program
• Vickers Type 618 Nene-Viking – Jet engine testbed
• Vickers Type 470 and Type 486 Wellington – Whittle jet engine testbeds
• Vickers Type 602 Wellington Mark X – Rolls-Royce Dart turboprop testbed
• Westland-Hill Pterodactyl – Tailless monoplane testbeds
• Youngman-Baynes High Lift – Youngman flap testbed

United States

X-planes

• Bell X-1 – Supersonic flight and sound barrier
• Bell X-2 – Mach 2–3 supersonic flight
• Douglas X-3 Stiletto – Sustained supersonic flight
• Northrop X-4 Bantam – Tailless aircraft
• Bell X-5 – Variable-sweep wing
• Convair X-6 – Nuclear reactor test aircraft (for nuclear-powered aircraft)
• Lockheed X-7 – Unmanned ramjet and guidance test missile
• Aerojet General X-8 – Sounding rocket (became Aerobee)
• Bell X-9 Shrike – Guided missile
• North American X-10 – Unmanned missile technology demonstrator
• Convair X-11 – Single engine missile testbed for Atlas
• Convair X-12 – Three engine missile testbed for Atlas
• Ryan X-13 Vertijet – Tail sitter VTOL jet
• Bell X-14 – Thrust vectoring VTOL jet
• North American X-15 – Hypersonic rocket-powered research aircraft (Mach 6)
• Bell X-16 - High-altitude reconnaissance jet
• Lockheed X-17 – Research rocket testing high mach re-entry
• Hiller X-18 – Tiltwing STOVL cargo aircraft
• Curtiss-Wright X-19 – VTOL tiltrotor
• Boeing X-20 Dyna-Soar – Spaceplane program
• Northrop X-21 – Laminar flow wing
• Bell X-22 – Ducted fan V/STOL
• Martin X-23 PRIME – Lifting body reentry vehicle testbed
• Martin Marietta X-24 – Lifting body test aircraft
• Bensen X-25 – Single-seat autogyro
• Schweizer X-26 Frigate – Sailplane
• Lockheed X-27 Lancer – high-performance technology demonstrator based on Lockheed CL-1200
• Pereira X-28A Sea Skimmer – Single-seat flying boat for US Navy

• Grumman X-29 – Forward-swept wing test aircraft
• Rockwell X-30 – Single-stage-to-orbit spacecraft
• Rockwell-MBB X-31 – Extreme angle of attack test aircraft
• Boeing X-32 – Joint Strike Fighter Program technology demonstrator
• Lockheed Martin X-33 – Unmanned scale demonstrator for VentureStar single stage to orbit spacecraft
• Orbital Sciences X-34 – Reusable launch vehicle testbed
• Lockheed Martin X-35 – Joint Strike Fighter Program technology demonstrator, developed into F-35 Lightning II
• McDonnell Douglas X-36 – Tailless fighter research agility aircraft
• Boeing X-37 – Reusable unmanned spacecraft
• NASA X-38 – Crew return vehicle for International Space Station (cancelled after tests)
• X-39 – Reserved for USAF/DARPA program use
• Boeing X-40 Space Maneuver Vehicle – Testbed for X-37 guidance and flight characteristics
• X-41 Common Aero Vehicle – Classified DARPA/NASA maneuvering re-entry vehicle
• X-42 Pop-Up Upper Stage – Classified rocket upper stage
• NASA X-43 Hyper-X – Hypersonic scramjet
• Lockheed Martin X-44 MANTA – Multi-axis tailless aircraft concept
• Boeing X-45 – Unmanned combat air vehicle
• Boeing X-46 – Unmanned combat air vehicle (proposal only)
• Northrop Grumman X-47A Pegasus – Unmanned combat air vehicle
• Northrop Grumman X-47B Iron Raven – Aircraft carrier capable unmanned combat air vehicle technology demonstrator
• Boeing X-48 – Blended wing aircraft
• Piasecki X-49 – Compound helicopter technology demonstrator
• Boeing X-50 Dragonfly – Gyrodyne unmanned aerial vehicle
• Boeing X-51 Waverider – Mach 5+ scramjet missile demonstrator
• Boeing X-53 Active Aeroelastic Wing – Wing warping flight demonstrator
• Gulfstream X-54 – Supersonic boom intensity research and demonstration aircraft
• Lockheed Martin X-55 – Advanced composites technology demonstrator
• Lockheed Martin X-56 – Flutter suppression and gust load testing unmanned testbed
• NASA X-57 Maxwell - Electric-powered light aircraft
• Lockheed Martin X-59 QueSST - Low-boom supersonic aircraft
• Generation Orbit X-60 - Air-launched single stage suborbital rocket vehicle
• Dynetics X-61 Gremlins - Unmanned aerial vehicle
• General Dynamics X-62 VISTA - Variable stability, thrust vectoring (formerly known as NF-16D VISTA)
• ABL Space Systems X-63 - Aerospike variant of RS1 rocket booster
• Invocon X-64 - Recoverable suborbital rocket
• Aurora X-65 CRANE - active flow control demonstrator
• Boeing X-66 - Truss-Based Wing demonstrator

Other experimental types

• Acme Sierra 1959 – Technology demonstrator
• AstroFlight Sunrise 1974 – Solar powered drone
• Ball-Bartoe Jetwing 1977 – Blown wing research
• Bell D-292 1985 – Advanced Composite Airframe Program
• Bell L-39 1946 – Swept wing research
• Bell Model 65 1954 – Tiltjet VTOL
• Bell XV-15 1977 – Tiltrotor VTOL, precursor to V-22 Osprey
• Bell 533 1962 – US Army high speed helicopter experiments
• Boeing ecoDemonstrator 2012 – Airliner fuel efficiency and noise reduction technologies
• Budd BB-1 Pioneer 1931 – Stainless steel construction
• Burnelli RB-1 1921 – Lifting body proof of concept vehicle
• Carlson-Lynch Vertipactor 1923 – Wingless VTOL aircraft
• Chrysler VZ-6 1959 – Ducted fan
• Convair NB-36 1955 – Nuclear propelled aircraft testbed
• Convair XFY Pogo 1954 – Fixed propeller VTOL
• Curtiss-Wright VZ-7 1958 – Quadcopter
• Curtiss-Wright X-100 1963 – Tilt rotor VTOL (developed into X-200 and X-19)
• Custer Channel Wings 1953 – Blown half-barrel wings
• Doak VZ-4 1958 – Tilt-fan VTOL
• Douglas D-558-I Skystreak 1947 – Supersonic research
• Douglas D-558-II Skyrocket 1948 – Supersonic research
• Fairchild VZ-5 1959 – Deflected air VTOL
• Farrar LSG-1 Bird Flight Machine 1969 – Glider to research bird flight

• General Dynamics F-16XL 1982 – Relaxed stability delta wing, boundary layer suction laminar flow
• General Dynamics F-16 VISTA 1992 – Variable stability, thrust vectoring (Redesignated X-62 Vista in 2021)
• General Electric GE36 testbed 1986 – Propfan engine testbed on a modified Boeing 727
• Goodyear Inflatoplane 1956 – Inflatable rescue aircraft technology demonstrator
• Gossamer Albatross 1979 – Human-powered flight
• Gossamer Condor 1977 – Human-powered flight
• modified Grumman Gulfstream II – Engine testbed for the NASA Propfan Test Assessment (PTA)
• Hiller VZ-1 Pawnee 1955 – Direct lift rotor platform
• Hypersonic Technology Vehicle 2 2010 – Hypersonic glider
• Kaman K-125 1947 – Intermesh twin rotor helicopter, servo-flap control
• Kaman K-16 – Modified Grumman Goose for tiltwing V/STOL research
• Lockheed Altair 1938 – Twinned engine testbed (both engines were in a single cowl)
• NASA Dryden Lockheed C-140 Jetstar 1964 – Electronic variable stability, propfan engine (1981) and laminar flow wing testbed (1985)
• Lockheed Have Blue – Stealth technology demonstrator
• Lockheed Vega Winnie Mae – high-altitude research – confirmed existence of jet stream
• Lockheed QT-2 – Quiet Thruster noise suppression experiments
• Lockheed XC-35 – Pressurized cabin development

• Lockheed XV-4 Hummingbird – Jetlift VTOL
• LTV XC-142 – VTOL transport technology demonstrator
• Martin 162A Tadpole Clipper – Proof of concept aircraft
• Martin XB-26H Marauder – Tandem undercarriage
• McDonnell Douglas MD-81 UHB – General Electric GE36 and PW-Allison 578-DX propfan engine testbed
• NASA AD-1 – Oblique Wing
• NASA Environmental Research Aircraft and Sensor Technology experimental aircraft – ALTUS, Pathfinder and Helios
• NASA Hyper III – Lifting body remotely piloted vehicle
• NASA M2-F1 – Lifting body/re-entry vehicle
• NASA Pathfinder – Solar-powered aircraft
• Northrop F-5 Shaped Sonic Boom Demonstrator – Shockwave reduction

• Northrop HL-10 – Lifting body/re-entry vehicle research
• Northrop M2-F2 – Lifting body/re-entry vehicle research
• Northrop M2-F3 – Lifting body/re-entry vehicle research
• Northrop N-1M – Flying wing research
• Northrop N-9M – Flying wing proof of concept aircraft for Northrop YB-35
• Northrop Tacit Blue – Stealth technology demonstrator
• Piasecki PV-2 – Helicopter technology demonstrator
• Piasecki VZ-8 Airgeep – Liftfan VTOL research
• Piasecki PA-97 1980 – Heavy lifter
• Republic XF-84H "Thunderscreech" – Supersonic propeller testbed
• Republic XF-91 Thunderceptor – Inversely tapered swept wing
• Rockwell HiMAT – Maneuverability and control research
• Rockwell XFV-12 – Augmented wing vectored thrust VTOL
• Rotary Rocket Roton 1999 – Single stage to orbit helicopter rocket
• Ryan VZ-3 Vertiplane 1958 – Blown flap VTOL research
• Ryan XV-5 Vertifan 1964 – Fan lift VTOL research
• Sawyer Skyjacker II – Low aspect ratio research aircraft

• Scaled Composites Proteus 1998 – Telecommunication relay testbed
• Schweizer SGS 1-29 1958 – Laminar flow research on wings made of metal
• Sikorsky S-69 1981 – Compound co-axial research
• Sikorsky S-72 1976 – Helicopter/aircraft hybrid research
• Sikorsky S-75 1984 – Advanced Composite Aircraft Program
• Sikorsky S-76 SHADOW 1985 – Sikorsky Helicopter Advanced Demonstrator and Operator Workload
• Stinson L-1 Vigilant – One example modified for boundary layer experiments
• Travel Air 2000 – One modified for Besler steam powered aircraft
• Vertol VZ-2 – tilt wing VTOL research
• Vought V-173 – Disk wing research for Vought XF5U
• Vought V-326 – High-altitude test aircraft
• Vought-Sikorsky VS-300 – Helicopter

See also

• List of German WW II prototypes and projects

References

1. Hygate, Barrie. British Experimental Jet Aircraft. Argus. 1990.
2. Suturtivant, Ray. British Research and Development Aircraft. Haynes. 1990.
3. Burney, Allan (Editor). British X-planes: The Jet Era. Aeroplane Illustrated: Aviation Archive Series. Key Aero. 2015.
4. "Dassault-Breguet/Dornier Alpha Jet A1 TST". Retrieved 12 Aug 2015.
5. Axe, David. "One of These 'Bots Will Be the Navy's Next Killer Drone". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Retrieved 2022-12-04.
6. Gibbs, Yvonne (6 August 2015). "NASA Armstrong Fact Sheet: Lockheed JetStar Research Aircraft". NASA. Retrieved 26 October 2019.
7. Eckland, K.O. (2009-04-25). "Aerofiles Vought (Chance Vought), Lewis & Vought, Vought-Sikorsky". USA: Aerofiles.com. Retrieved 20 September 2011.

• Experimental aircraft
• Lists of aircraft by role