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TNP2
Identifiers
Aliases	TNP2, TP2, transition protein 2 (during histone to protamine replacement), transition protein 2
External IDs	OMIM: 190232; MGI: 98785; HomoloGene: 3958; GeneCards: TNP2; OMA:TNP2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 16 (human) Band 16p13.13 Start 11,267,748 bp End 11,269,533 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 16 (mouse) Band 16 A1|16 5.83 cM Start 10,605,800 bp End 10,606,524 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in sperm left testis testicle right testis gonad right coronary artery human musculoskeletal system muscular system muscle muscle Top expressed in seminiferous tubule spermatid spermatocyte embryo morula morula blastocyst skeletal muscle tissue central gray substance of midbrain nucleus of stria terminalis More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function DNA binding metal ion binding zinc ion binding Cellular component male germ cell nucleus nucleosome nucleus chromosome Biological process multicellular organism development cell differentiation spermatogenesis acrosome reaction penetration of zona pellucida positive regulation of protein processing Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 7142 21959 Ensembl ENSG00000178279 ENSMUSG00000043050 UniProt Q05952 P11378 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_005425 NM_013694 RefSeq (protein) NP_005416 NP_038722 Location (UCSC) Chr 16: 11.27 – 11.27 Mb Chr 16: 10.61 – 10.61 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Nuclear transition protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNP2 gene.

References

1. ^ GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000178279 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. ^ GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000043050 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Engel W, Keime S, Kremling H, Hameister H, Schluter G (Nov 1992). "The genes for protamine 1 and 2 (PRM1 and PRM2) and transition protein 2 (TNP2) are closely linked in the mammalian genome". Cytogenet Cell Genet. 61 (2): 158–9. doi:10.1159/000133397. PMID 1395729.
6. Baskaran R, Rao MR (Jan 1991). "Interaction of spermatid-specific protein TP2 with nucleic acids, in vitro. A comparative study with TP1". J Biol Chem. 265 (34): 21039–47. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)45324-5. PMID 2250010.
7. "Entrez Gene: TNP2 transition protein 2 (during histone to protamine replacement)".

Further reading

• Schlüter G, Kremling H, Engel W (1992). "The gene for human transition protein 2: nucleotide sequence, assignment to the protamine gene cluster, and evidence for its low expression". Genomics. 14 (2): 377–83. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(05)80229-0. PMID 1385303.
• Kundu TK, Rao MR (1995). "DNA condensation by the rat spermatidal protein TP2 shows GC-rich sequence preference and is zinc dependent". Biochemistry. 34 (15): 5143–50. doi:10.1021/bi00015a027. PMID 7711033.
• Nelson JE, Krawetz SA (1995). "Characterization of a human locus in transition". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (49): 31067–73. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)47391-7. PMID 7983046.
• Nelson JE, Krawetz SA (1993). "Linkage of human spermatid-specific basic nuclear protein genes. Definition and evolution of the P1-->P2-->TP2 locus". J. Biol. Chem. 268 (4): 2932–6. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)53863-1. PMID 8428967.
• Kundu TK, Rao MR (1997). "Zinc dependent recognition of a human CpG island sequence by the mammalian spermatidal protein TP2". Biochemistry. 35 (49): 15626–32. doi:10.1021/bi961271i. PMID 8961924.
• Steger K, Klonisch T, Gavenis K, et al. (1999). "Expression of mRNA and protein of nucleoproteins during human spermiogenesis". Mol. Hum. Reprod. 4 (10): 939–45. doi:10.1093/molehr/4.10.939. PMID 9809674.
• Wyckoff GJ, Wang W, Wu CI (2000). "Rapid evolution of male reproductive genes in the descent of man". Nature. 403 (6767): 304–9. Bibcode:2000Natur.403..304W. doi:10.1038/35002070. PMID 10659848. S2CID 3136139.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Wykes SM, Krawetz SA (2003). "The structural organization of sperm chromatin". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (32): 29471–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.M304545200. PMID 12775710.
• Miyagawa Y, Nishimura H, Tsujimura A, et al. (2006). "Single-nucleotide polymorphisms and mutation analyses of the TNP1 and TNP2 genes of fertile and infertile human male populations". J. Androl. 26 (6): 779–86. doi:10.2164/jandrol.05069. PMID 16291974.
• Jedrzejczak P, Kempisty B, Bryja A, et al. (2007). "Quantitative assessment of transition proteins 1, 2 spermatid-specific linker histone H1-like protein transcripts in spermatozoa from normozoospermic and asthenozoospermic men". Arch. Androl. 53 (4): 199–205. doi:10.1080/01485010701426430. PMID 17852044. S2CID 21999596.

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