Misplaced Pages

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Belmin.agic (talk | contribs) at 23:07, 25 December 2023 (→Etymology and terminology). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Sujuk

Parmak sucuk
Alternative names	Sucuk, suxhuk, sudjuk, sudžuk, sudzhuk, sugiuc, sodjouk, soudjuk
Type	Sausage
Region or state	Middle East, Central Asia, Balkans
Main ingredients	Ground meat (usually beef, lamb), cumin, garlic, salt, red pepper
Media: Sujuk

Sujuk or sucuk (/sˈuːd͡ʒʊk/) is a dry, spicy and fermented sausage which is consumed in several Balkan, Middle Eastern and Central Asian cuisines. Sujuk mainly consists of ground meat and animal fat usually obtained from beef or lamb, but beef is mainly used in Turkey, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania, Armenia, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan.

Etymology and terminology

Sucuk was first mentioned in the 11th century by Mahmud al-Kashgari in his Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk as suɣut. Another mention was made by Abu Hayyan al-Gharnati in his early 14th century work titled Kitab al-'idrak li-lisan al-'atrak (كتاب الإدراك للسان الأتراك). It possibly evolved from a Middle Iranian word attested in Early New Persian as zīç (زيچ) and ziwīdj (زویج) (meaning "stretching, strip, cord" and "sausage" respectively) which later took the form of zīçak (زیچک), while a Turkic origin has also been proposed. Cognate names are also present in other Turkic languages, e.g. Template:Lang-kz, shujyq; Template:Lang-ky, chuchuk. Franciscus a Mesgnien Meninski in his Thesaurus recorded the word sucuk (سجوق) for the first time in Ottoman Turkish in late 17th century.

The Turkish name sucuk has been adopted largely unmodified by other languages in the region, including: Template:Lang-gag; Template:Lang-al; Template:Lang-ar; Template:Lang-hy; Template:Lang-bs; Template:Lang-bg; Template:Lang-el; Template:Lang-mk; Template:Lang-az; Template:Lang-ro; Template:Lang-ru; Serbo-Croatian: sudžuk / cyџyк; Template:Lang-ku.

Production

In Turkey, beef is the main raw material for sucuk production. At the beginning of the process the meat is preground in 14–16-millimetre (0.55–0.63 in) plates and tested for its fat content. Afterwards the meat is mixed with curing salt, which contains 0.5% sodium nitrite, and stored for 8–16 hours in 8–12 °C (46–54 °F) for further processing. Later the preground meat is mixed with frozen and ground tail fat, beef tallow, suet and additives like spices, ascorbate, dextrose and starter culture. The mixture is ground again in 1.6–5-millimetre (0.063–0.197 in) plates, which forms the mosaic structure of sucuk. Thenceforth the product is filled in casings made of collagen or fiber and these casings are twisted or tied to portionize sucuk.

Sucuk is then prepared for ripening process, which consists of fermentation and post-fermentation stages. In the first day of fermentation stage the product is left in a high relative humidity (RH) environment around 22–23 °C (72–73 °F). After that the RH and the temperature is gradually dropped each day, resulting to 18 °C (64 °F) and 88% RH in the last and third day of fermentation. At the end of the stage pH of the product must be dropped to 4.9–5.0. In the post-fermentation stage sucuk is matured and dried until the moisture content of the sausage is under 40%.

• Regional varieties of sujuk
• Suǰux from Armenia
• Sudzhuk from Bulgaria
• Sucuk from Turkey
• Home-made suxhuk from Serbia

Nutrition

It was reported that sucuk from Turkey on average contained 24.5% protein, 31.5% fat, 35.65% moisture and 3.80% salt. Fat content of sucuk is highly variable; some sucuk brands tested contained only 23% fat, meanwhile others exceeded 42%.

Dishes prepared with sujuk

Thin slices of sujuk can be pan-fried in a bit of butter, while larger pieces may be grilled. Sucuklu yumurta, which literally means "eggs with sujuk", is commonly served as a Turkish breakfast dish. Sucuklu yumurta is a simple dish of fried eggs cooked together with sujuk, but sujuk may also be added to other egg dishes like menemen (which is similar to shakshouka but with scrambled eggs instead of poached).

Sujuk can be added to many dishes including bean stew (kuru fasulye), filled phyllo dough pastries (burek) and as a topping for pizza or pide.

• Eggs with sujuk
• Bread with sujuk

See also

• Bresaola
• Lukanka
• Makhan [ru], a horsemeat sausage
• Qazı
• Salami
• Soutzoukakia, spicy meatballs in sauce whose name means literally "little sucuk"

References

1. Gregory-Smith, John (2018). Turkish Delights: Stunning regional recipes from the Bosphorus to the Black Sea. London: Hachette UK. ISBN 978-08-57-83596-3.
2. Пальгов, Н. Н.; М. Ш. Ярмухамедов (1970). Казахстан (in Russian). Москва: Мысль. p. 138.
3. Кадыров, Виктор (2019). Кыргызстан. Традиции и обычаи киргизов (in Russian). Москва: Litres. p. 53. ISBN 978-50-41-88963-0.
4. Конски Суджук "Еленко" във верига магазини "T-Market" (in Bulgarian). Archived from the original on 12 April 2021. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
5. Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “زیجك”, A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
6. "زیجک".
7. ^ "sucuk". Nişanyan Sözlük (in Turkish). Retrieved 22 September 2020.
8. Eren, Hasan (1999). Türk Dilinin Etimolojik Sözlüğü (in Turkish). Ankara. p. 376.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
9. Csató, Éva Ágnes; Isaksson, Bo; Jahani, Carina (2005). Linguistic Convergence and Areal Diffusion: Case Studies from Iranian, Semitic and Turkic. Psychology Press. ISBN 978-0-415-30804-5.
10. ^ Yılmaz, Ismail; Velioğlu, Hasan (2009). "Fermented meat products Figure 2. General Production Process of Turkish Sucuk". Retrieved 22 September 2020.
11. Omurtag, A. Cemal; Orbey, M. Tevfik; Yıldız, Sulhiye (1973). "Yerli Sucuklarımızın Besin Değerleri Üzerinde Araştırma" [The Research on the Food Value of the Native Sucuk (Suchuck) in a Rational and Balanced Nutrition] (PDF). J. Fac. Pharm (in Turkish). 3 (71). Ankara.
12. Yılmaz, Ismail (April 2009). "Determination of Fatty Acid Composition and Total Trans Fatty Acids in Meat Products". Food Science and Biotechnology. 18: 350–355.
13. Emina, Seb; Eggs, Malcolm (14 March 2013). The Breakfast Bible. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4088-3990-4.
14. "Sucuklu Yumurta Nasıl Yapılır?". Sabah (in Turkish). Retrieved 17 July 2018.
15. Khong, Rachel; Peach, Lucky (2017). Lucky Peach All about Eggs. Crown Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-8041-8775-6.
16. Rutherford, Tristan; Tomasetti, Kathryn (2011). National Geographic Traveler: Istanbul & Western Turkey. National Geographic Books. ISBN 978-1-4262-0708-2.
17. Sarlık, E. Emel; Sarlık, Mehmet (1995). IV. Afyonkarahisar Araştırmaları Sempozyumu Bildirileri: 29-30 Eylül 1995, Afyonkarahisar (in Turkish). Hazer Ofset Matbaacılık Gazetecilik Limited Şti.
18. Pelin Karahan'la Nefis Tariflerundefined (Director). Sucuklu Pide Tarifi. Event occurs at 869 seconds. Retrieved 17 July 2018.

v t e Sausage
Overview	Casings List of sausages List of sausage dishes Sausage making
Fresh sausage	Biała kiełbasa Boerewors Boudin Braadworst Bratwurst Breakfast Carniolan Chipolata Cotechino Debrecener Knackwurst Kohlwurst Kupati Italian Italian American Loukaniko Merguez Thüringer Weisswurst
Dry sausage	Salami Cacciatore Ciauscolo Genoa salami Soppressata Prasky Ticinese Other Chinese Chorizo Fuet Landjäger Longaniza Lukanka Metworst Pepperoni Salsiz Saucisson Sobrassada Sujuk
Smoked sausage	Andouille Kolbász Krakowska Kulen Lebanon bologna Linguiça Mettwurst Morteau Rookworst Skilandis Teewurst
Cooked sausage	Battered Bologna Botifarra Bratwurst Braunschweiger Brühwurst Cervelat Chả lụa Cumberland Falukorv Frankfurter Würstchen St. Galler Bratwurst Gelbwurst Hot dog variations vegetarian Lincolnshire Lorne sausage Mortadella Mortadella Bologna Mortadella di Prato Mortadella of Campotosto Pigs in blankets Saveloy Vienna
Cooked smoked sausage	Bierwurst Bockwurst Kabanos Kielbasa
Precooked sausage	Black pudding Blood sausage Boudin Goetta Haggis Head cheese Kaszanka Kishka Knipp Kochwurst Liverwurst Pinkel Ryynimakkara Salceson Stippgrütze Sundae
Grilled sausage	Small sausage in large sausage Tongmo
Related articles	Charcuterie Dried meat List of dried foods Embutidos List of smoked foods Lunch meat Pâté Salumi Smallgoods
Category

v t e Greek cuisine
History	Ancient Greek cuisine Ancient Greece and wine Byzantine cuisine
Ingredients	Basil Caper Dill Eggplant Garlic Honey Mastic Olive oil Olives Oregano Raisin Saffron Semolina Tomato Thyme Walnuts
Breads	Daktyla Eliopsomo Eptazymo Kritsini Koulouri Lagana Paximadi Pita Stafidopsomo Tsoureki Zea
Salads & Dips	Dakos Greek salad Melitzanosalata Pasta elias Skordalia Taramosalata Tirokafteri Tzatziki
Appetizers & Coldcuts	Apáki Antzougies Bakaliaros Bouyiourdi Dolma Fava Gigandes plaki Kalamaria Kalitsounia Kolokythoanthoi Kolokythakia Kolokythopita Lakerda Loukaniko Loutza Noumboulo Octopus Pitaroudia Piktí Spanakopita Salami Saganaki Syglino Tyropita Strained yogurt
Cheeses	Anevato Anthotyros Feta Formaela Graviera Halloumi Kasseri Kefalotyri Kefalograviera Kalathaki Limnou Kopanisti Mykonou Ladotyri Mytilinis Manouri Mastelo Metsovone Metsovela Mizithra Sfela San Michali Talagani Xynotyro Xynomizithra
Dishes	Meat Bifteki Britzola Drunken chicken Giouvetsi Gyros Keftedakia Kokkinisto Kleftiko Kokoretsi Kontosouvli Kreatopita Kotopita Moussaka Paidakia Pansetta Pastitsio Pastitsada Papoutsaki Pizza Sheftalia Smyrna meatballs Snails Spetzofai Stifado Sofrito Souvla Souvlaki Tigania Yahni Pasta (Zimariká) Gogges Hilopites Flomaria Makarounes Kritharaki Striftaria Trahanas Fish Atherina Bakaliaros Bourdeto Brantada Garides Grivadi Glossa Gavroi Mussels Sardeles Savoro Tonos Xiphias Soups Avgolemono Bourou-bourou Fasolada Hortosoupa Lentil soup Kotosoupa Magiritsa Manestra Manitarosoupa Psarosoupa (Kakavia, Grivadi) Revithada Trahanas Omelettes Classic omeletta Sfougato Strapatsada Tsouchtí Froutalia Vegetable Anginares alla Polita Fasolakia Gemista Leaf vegetable Spanakorizo Tourlou Tsigareli Tsigaridia Tomatokeftedes
Desserts	Amygdalota Amygdalopita Baklava Bougatsa Copenhagen Diples Fanouropita Finikia Flaouna Galaktoboureko Galatopita Halva Karydopita Kourkoubinia Koulourakia Kourabiedes Lazarakia Loukoumades Loukoumi Melekouni Mandolato Melitini Melomakarona Melopita Moustokouloura Pastafrola Platseda Pasteli Spoon sweets Tiganites Tahinopita Trigona Vasilopita
Wines	Agiorgitiko Aidini Assyrtiko Athiri Kotsifali Lesbian Limnio Mavrodafni Mandilaria Malagousia Malvasia Moschofilero Moschato Retsina Robola Savatiano Vilana Visanto Xinomavro
Drinks	Kitron Kumquat Koriantolino Mastika Metaxa Ouzo Rakomelo Sideritis Souma Soumada Tentura Tsipouro Tsikoudia Zivania Frappé coffee
Varieties	Ionian islands Cretan Macedonian Epirotic Kykladitiki Rhoditiki
See also	Filo Greek chefs Food writers Kafenio Meze Ouzeri Taverna Greek restaurant Agriculture in Greece Notable products Avgotaracho Florina peppers Greek wine Fava Santorinis Kalamata olive Krokos Kozanis (Saffron) Menalou honey Rodi Ermionis Santorini tomato Sardeles Kallonis Tonos Alonnisou Zante currant
Greece portal

• Appetizers
• Fermented sausages
• Albanian cuisine
• Armenian cuisine
• Azerbaijani cuisine
• Balkan cuisine
• Bosnia and Herzegovina cuisine
• Bulgarian sausages
• Bulgarian cuisine
• Caucasian cuisine
• Central Asian cuisine
• Croatian cuisine
• Georgian cuisine
• Greek cuisine
• Iraqi cuisine
• Kazakh cuisine
• Kosovan cuisine
• Kurdish cuisine
• Romanian cuisine
• Serbian cuisine
• Kyrgyz cuisine
• Macedonian cuisine
• Middle Eastern cuisine
• Ottoman cuisine
• Turkish cuisine